Carbon Metabolism and Bioplastic Production by Halophilic Archaea     

XIANG Hu  HAN Jing  HOU Jing  ZHAO Dahe  CAI Shuangfeng  CAI Lei 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):116-118

正1 Introduction Haloarchaea represents a distinct group of Archaea that typically inhabits hypersaline environments,such as salt lakes and sea salterns.They are easy to culture and many haloarchaea are genetically tractable,hence they are excellent model systems for research of archaeal genetics,  相似文献   

投喂频率对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei) PI3K信号通路及糖代谢相关酶基因表达的影响     

赵楠楠  崔彦婷  王忠凯  王聪  张志豪  邓之通  赵瑞阳  孙金凤  王仁杰  李玉全 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(5):1189-1196

适宜的投喂频率能提高对虾的代谢和免疫能力,加快生长,实现提质增效的目标。为探讨不同投喂频率对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)糖代谢及相关信号通路的影响,以(7.6±1.0) g的凡纳滨对虾为实验材料,设置2、3、4、6次/d,共4个投喂频率处理组,每组设3个平行,实验持续14 d,实验结束时取样,测定PI3K信号通路相关因子PI3K、Akt、HIF-1α、mTOR,代谢酶基因中HK、PFK、GAPDH、PK、FBP、PEPCK,葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT1、GLUT2 mRNA表达水平的变化。结果发现:随着投喂频率的增加, PI3K信号通路关键基因表达的水平显著上升(P<0.05),其中6次/d投喂组PI3K、Akt、HIF-1α和mTOR表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05), 4次/d投喂组mTOR表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05);代谢关键酶基因HK、PFK、GAPDH、PK、FBP、PEPCK的表达水平随投喂频率的增加而增加,其中6次/d投喂组糖酵解HK、PFK、GAPDH、PK酶基因表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05), 3、4和6次/d投喂组糖异生酶FBP表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05),葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT2在2、3、6次/d投喂频率处理组显著高于4次/d频率投喂组(P<0.05)。得出结论认为较高的投喂频率可以通过激活凡纳滨对虾糖代谢酶基因、糖转运蛋白及PI3K信号通路的表达来提高糖代谢水平。  相似文献   

海洋线虫Litoditis marina早期发育的转录组分析     

王彤彤  张留所 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(6):1558-1572

全球气候和环境变化影响海洋动物的生长发育和繁殖等生命过程,探究环境因子调控发育的分子机制,需要深入了解海洋动物早期发育的生理和分子特征。以实验室驯化的潜在模式动物海洋线虫Litoditis marina为研究对象,对其胚胎期和孵化后发育早期2h、4h和6h的L1幼虫样品进行了转录组测序和分析。结果表明,2h、4h和6h的L1幼虫间差异较小,而三个L1幼虫样品与胚胎期相比,基因表达发生了显著变化。通过KEGG富集分析,发现与胚胎期相比,三个L1幼虫样品的多个通路如核糖体、核糖体生物发生、糖酵解/糖原异生、TCA循环和氧化磷酸化通路相关基因发生了显著上调。另外还发现多个神经递质和神经肽受体基因如dop-和npr-等在L1期转录水平显著上调。与胚胎期相比,L1幼虫的多个DNA复制和修复相关、Notch、Hippo和Hedgehog信号和剪切体等通路相关基因发生了显著下调。发现的L. marina早期发育转录组变化模式与已经发表的陆生模式生物秀丽线虫Caenorhabditis elegans从胚胎期到L1幼虫的转录组变化特征非常相似,但同一上调或下调通路中具体发生表达变化的基因有些不同。另外,L1幼虫显著上调的核糖体生物发生通路相关基因在秀丽线虫中发生了显著下调。进一步通过基因编辑等技术和方法深入研究发育调控关键基因的功能将为海陆近缘线虫间的发育进化机制、海洋线虫对潮间带环境适应以及全球气候变化应答的分子机制研究提供新认知。  相似文献   

黄海大海洋生态系区域监测体系建设的对策建议          下载免费PDF全文

王孝程  贾川  张怡  靳青青  王紫竹  刘永健  王燕  邵魁双  王守强  关春江  郭皓 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(2):88-94

为促进黄海生态环境保护和生态灾害治理工作,文章基于历史资料的收集和整理,分析黄海大海洋生态系的生态环境背景及其存在的问题,并提出区域监测体系建设的对策建议。研究结果表明:黄海大海洋生态系的气候变化和营养盐变化是浮游生物群落的重要影响因素,赤潮、绿潮和水母暴发是黄海大海洋生态系的主要生态灾害;应通过加强各种形式的监测和合作,不断构建黄海大海洋生态系区域监测体系。  相似文献   

海水升温对非虫黄藻共生型珊瑚Cladopsammia sp.的生理影响*     

张喆  俞晓磊  梁宇娴  何茜  黄晖  袁翔城  周伟华 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(5):141-149

文章以非虫黄藻共生型珊瑚Cladopsammia sp.为研究对象, 将对照组的海水设置为26℃恒温, 试验组从26℃升温至33℃, 以此探究海水升温对Cladopsammia sp.代谢和钙化生理的影响。结果显示: 在高温胁迫下, 虽然Cladopsammia sp.钙化相关酶(Ca²⁺-ATP酶和Mg²⁺-ATP酶)的活性出现了负响应, 但是珊瑚的呼吸速率、生长速率、组织中总蛋白和粗脂肪都没有显著改变(p>0.05)。比较历史文献结果和本研究结果表明: Cladopsammia sp.可能由于体内没有虫黄藻共生, 表现出了比大部分虫黄藻共生珊瑚更高的温度耐受能力。  相似文献   

How EU policies could reduce nutrient pollution in European inland and coastal waters     

《Global Environmental Change》2021

Intensive agriculture and densely populated areas represent major sources of nutrient pollution for European inland and coastal waters, altering the aquatic ecosystems and affecting their capacity to provide ecosystem services and support economic activities. Ambitious water policies are in place in the European Union (EU) for protecting and restoring aquatic ecosystems under the Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. This research quantified the current pressures of point and diffuse nitrogen and phosphorus emissions to European fresh and coastal waters (2005–2012), and analysed the effects of three policy scenarios of nutrient reduction: 1) the application of measures currently planned in the Rural Development Programmes and under the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD); 2) the full implementation of the UWWTD and the absence of derogations in the Nitrates Directive; 3) high reduction of nutrient, using best technologies in wastewaters treatment and optimal fertilisation in agriculture. The results of the study show that for the period 2005–2012, the nitrogen load to European seas was 3.3–4.1 TgN/y and the phosphorus load was 0.26–0.30 TgP/y. Policy measures supporting technological improvements (third scenario) could decrease the nutrient export to the seas up to 14% for nitrogen and 20% for phosphorus, improving the ecological status of rivers and lakes, but widening the nutrient imbalance in coastal ecosystems (i.e. increasing nitrogen availability with respect to phosphorus), affecting eutrophication. Further nutrient reductions could be possible by a combination of measures especially in the agricultural sector. However, without tackling current agricultural production and consumption system, the reduction might not be sufficient for achieving the goals of EU water policy in some regions. The study analysed the expected changes and the source contribution in different European regional seas, and highlights the advantages of addressing the land-sea dynamics, checking the coherence of measures taken under different policies.  相似文献   

济南市历城区典型土壤类型N、P、K养分元素的有效态分布特征          下载免费PDF全文

冷旭勇  刘连  景晓东  朱文峰 《山东国土资源》2022,38(2):40-46

本文选择济南市历城区典型土壤中N、P、K3种养分元素进行化学测试分析,对该地区的浅层土壤元素有效态地球化学背景值及在不同类型土壤中的分布特征进行研究.研究结果表明:该地区土壤质量较好,元素有效量与全量总体排序一致,不同元素的有效度相差十分悬殊.5种土壤类型的元素有效度具有一定差异性,潮褐土、潮土中N、P、K元素的有效量...  相似文献   

生态因子对萱藻(Scytosiphon lomentaria)孢子体生长发育的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

邢永泽  宫相忠  高伟  尹宝树 《海洋与湖沼》2011,42(1):101-106

采用实验生态学方法,研究了温度、光照、营养盐(N、P)对萱藻孢子体生长发育的影响.结果表明,在5-23℃范围内,温度越高,越有利于萱藻孢子体的生长.9-17℃是比较利于孢子囊产生的温度范围,其中13 ℃,L:D=10:14,20μmol/(m<'2>·s)条件下最有利于孢子囊的形成与孢子的放散.光强6-30μmol/(...  相似文献   

深海生物原位实验与生态监测研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

王勇  郑鹏飞  贺丽生  李俊  陈俊  高兆明  李文莉  张艾群 《应用海洋学学报》2022,41(3):543-553

深海在黑暗、高静水压、低温（黑烟囱等热液系统除外）和寡营养的极端环境下形成了特殊的生境。对深海生物/微生物的研究,不仅可以揭示各种深海生物的生理代谢特性和动态变化规律,而且有助于深海生物资源的开发利用,特别是深海微生物碳循环机制的相关研究可为全球实现碳中和目标提供新的路线图。研究深海生物的首要条件是获得大量保持原位特性的样本,然而传统深海采样手段的局限可能导致深海相关研究结果无法反映深海环境下真实的生命过程,亟需发展满足深海生物原位研究的采样方法和生态监测技术。本文对深海生物研究现状,相关科学问题和原位组学研究进展,以及原位生态监测装备研发和应用进行综述,并对深海原位生物实验室进行了展望。  相似文献   

Bloom of Hemidiscus hardmannianus (Bacillariophyceae) and Its Impact on Water Quality and Plankton Community Structure in a Mangrove Wetland     

Sejuti Naha Biswas  Nallamuthu Godhantaraman  Ranjit K. Sarangi  Bhaskar D. Bhattacharya  Santosh K. Sarkar  Kamala K. Satpathy 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(4):333-339

An intense monospecies bloom of the centric diatom Hemidiscus hardmannianus (Greville) Mann. (Bacillariophyceae) occurred in the coastal waters of Sundarban mangrove wetland, India on 22 July, 2010. The species was abruptly flourished (mean density 8.86 × 10⁶ cells/L) resulting intense green coloration of water. The greatest impoverishment of diversity and density of phytoplankton, micro‐ and mesozooplankton community was observed during the bloom. The phytoplankton community showed an extreme reduction in diversity (12 species to one) and sharp decrease in standing stock (12.84 × 10³ to 8.86 × 10⁶ cells/L) during this period. The late bloom condition coincided with sudden and huge arrival of a clupoid fish Hilsa ilisha which forms the most potential fisheries in Sundarban deltaic region. An attempt has been made to correlate the satellite remote sensing‐derived information to the bloom conditions. The MODIS‐Aqua derived chlorophyll and TMI satellite derived sea surface temperature and wind speed maps have been interpreted.  相似文献