Rock lobsters feeding on oysters (note)     

R. W. Hickman 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):641-644

Captive rock lobsters (Jasus edwardsii) were able to open and eat live dredge oysters (Ostrea lutaria) by progressively breaking away the shell edges with the mandibles and walking legs. Oysters are probably of only slight significance in the natural diet of rock lobsters.  相似文献   

金雀异黄素对金鱼消化酶活性的影响     

王军  毛姗姗  王蔚 《海洋湖沼通报》2013,(2)

本文研究了0.2、2、20μg/g金雀异黄素腹腔注射金鱼(Carassius auratus) 7d后,金鱼肝胰脏和肠蛋白酶、淀粉酶和碱性磷酸酶活性的变化.结果表明:随金雀异黄素浓度的升高,金鱼肝胰脏和肠蛋白酶、淀粉酶及肠碱性磷酸酶活性都有所降低.0.2μg/g金雀异黄素处理组,金鱼蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力降低并不显著,而肠碱性磷酸酶活力显著下降(P＜0.05);2μg/g金雀异黄素处理组,金鱼蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力显著下降,碱性磷酸酶活力表现极显著下降(P＜0.01),仅为对照组的44％;20μg/g金雀异黄素处理组,金鱼蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力极显著下降,其中肠蛋白酶活性降了90％以上.本文证实了较高浓度的金雀异黄素能显著降低金鱼主要消化酶的活性,进而影响金鱼正常生长,但较低浓度的金雀异黄素对金鱼消化酶无显著影响.研究结果为大豆蛋白在水产养殖中的适量应用提供了参考数据.  相似文献   

太湖鲫鱼数量变化的规律及与环境间关系的分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

刘恩生  刘正文  鲍传和 《湖泊科学》2007,19(3):345-350

通过食物组成分析和渔获物组成调查,并结合历年渔获量统计和环境监测资料,研究了太湖鲫鱼数量变化的规律、机制及与环境间的相互关系.渔获物调查和渔获量统计资料均表明:近年鲫鱼数量不断增加,已成为太湖仅次于鲚鱼的重要鱼类2004年渔获物调查中,鲫鱼占鱼类总重量的8.40%±2.69%,占鲤、鲫鱼渔获量的65.08%±15.47%;历年渔获量统计显示,1952-1998年鲤、鲫鱼渔获量相对稳定在1010.1±367.2 t、占鱼类总量8.89%±5.33%,1999年上升达到2547.4 t、占9.45%,2000年达到3708.7 t,占12.18%;年龄组成分析表明,鲫鱼低龄化趋势在加剧.食性分析表明:在7-12月,微囊藻占鲫鱼食物体积的83.65%-93.99%.分析认为:太湖鲫鱼以微囊藻为主要食物;富营养化加重为其提供了充足饵料,实施禁渔期、禁渔区等措施使其繁殖得到保障,捕捞强度过高导致其年龄组成低龄化、个体小型化.而太湖鲫鱼以蓝藻为主要食物,可能对蓝藻有抑制作用.  相似文献   

两种池塘养殖模式下异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)养成品质及脏器相关生理特征的差异     

李有志  戎华南  陈雨  申屠基康  王志铮 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(4):1217-1226

水产养殖动物的生存策略往往会因养殖模式的变更而发生改变,并导致其养成品体色、肌肉品质和脏器生理特征等均出现一定程度的差异。以池塘生态主养模式(M₁)和池塘生态套养模式(M₂)下养殖7个月的异育银鲫夏花苗种为研究对象,以体表色差、背肌物性、全鱼营养成分和排氨率、耗氧率、窒息点以及脏器消化酶和抗氧化酶活力为测定指标,较系统开展了两者间养成品质及脏器相关生理特征的差异研究。结果表明:(1)两者间在体表色差上具较好的区分度,其中M₂实验个体的体色更接近于池底背景色,具更好的拟境隐蔽性;(2)在所测7项背肌物性指标中,两者间具有显著差异的为硬度、弹性、胶黏性和耐咀性,且均呈M₁>M₂ (P<0.05);(3)全鱼一般营养成分中,除灰分和粗蛋白含量均呈M₁≈M₂ (P>0.05)外,水分和粗脂肪含量分别呈M₁>M₂ (P<0.05)和M₂>M  相似文献   

Seasonal fluctuation of Myxobolus gibelioi (Myxosporea) plasmodia in the gills of the farmed allogynogenetic gibel carp in China     

王桂堂  姚卫建  龚小宁  汪建国  聂品 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,21(2)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭｙｘｏｓｐｏｒｅａｎｓａｒｅｖｅｒｙｃｏｍｍｏｎｐａｒａｓｉｔｅｓｏｆｆｉｓｈ .Ｔｈｅｉｒｓｅａｓｏｎａｌｆｌｕｃｔｕａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｃｅａｎｄｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙｏｆｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｗｅｒｅｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｄｂｙｓｏｍｅａｕｔｈｏｒｓ (Ｍｉｔｃｈｅｌｌ,1 989;Ｓｉｔｊａ ＢｏｂａｄｉｌｌａａｎｄＡｌｖａｒｅｚ Ｐｅｌｌｉｔｅｒｏ,1 990 ;Ｃｏｎｅ ,1 994 ) .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ａｌｍｏｓｔｎｏｒｅｌａｔｅｄｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｉｓａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅｉｎＣｈｉｎ…  相似文献   

两种池养模式下异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)生物学表型对体质量影响效果的差异分析     

陈雨  戎华南  刘哲宇  陈汉春  王志铮 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(5):1161-1169

水产养殖动物的增重机制既是其生存对策的重要组成部分,也是影响其生长性能和养殖产量的重要内因。异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)是我国的重要养殖鱼类,随机选取池塘生态主养模式(M₁)和池塘生态套养模式(M₂)下经7个月养殖的异育银鲫夏花苗种各70尾为研究对象,以全长(X₁)、体高(X₂)、体宽(X₃)、头长(X₄)、侧线长(X₅)、尾柄高(X₆)、腹鳍间距(X₇)、胸鳍间距(X₈)为体尺性状,净体质量(NW)、肠质量(W₁)、肝质量(W₂)、胃质量(W₃)、鳃质量(W₄)、心质量(W₅)和鳔质量(W₆)为称量性状,采用多元分析方法分别研究了M₁、M₂实验群体尺寸性状和称量性状对其体质量(BW)的影响效应。结果表明: (1)生物学测定结果显示, CV值大于10%的均为质量性状,小于10%的均为体尺性状,除NW、X₁、X₅和X₆均呈M₁<M₂ (P<0.05), X₄和各脏器质量均呈M₁>M₂ (P<0.05)外,其余性状间均无显著差异(P>0.05); (2)相关分析显示,除W₅与BW间相关系数均未达到显著水平(P>0.05)外,其余性状与BW间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01); (3)经通径分析和复相关分析, M₁、M₂被保留体尺性状组合X₅-X₁-X₂和X₂-X₃-X₁-X₅的总决定系数和复相关指数均分别为0.889和0.927,称量性状组合NW-W₂-W₁-W₃和NW-W₂的总决定系数和复相关指数均分别为0.992和0.971; (4)经偏回归分析,得到了可用于估算BW的M₁最优方程组和M₂最优方程组。研究结果可为我国异育银鲫科学养殖提供有效参考。  相似文献   

Moina sp. (cladocera: Daphnidae) in a sewage plant,wellington (note)     

I. L. Vidal 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):203-209

An unidentified species of the genus Moina was found in a Pasveer sewage treatment plant at Glensiide, Wellington; it is described and illustrated. A survey of the literature shows that this is probably the first published record of the genus in New Zealand (M. lemnae, previously recorded, has since been tentatively referred to the genus Pseudomoina); sewage ponds in India and South Africa have yielded M. dubia.  相似文献   

Population size and exploitation rate of snapper,Chrysophrys auratus,in the Hauraki Gulf from tagging experiments, 1975–76     

James Crossland 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):255-261

The results of three snapper tagging cruises in the Hauraki Gulf area to estimate population size and annual exploition rate are presented. Eight hundred and thirty‐two snapper were tagged around Great Barrier Island in August 1975; in the inner Hauraki Gulf 1743 were tagged in June 1976 and 2685 in October 1976. Estimates of tag loss due to the combined effect of shedding of tags and tagging mortality were made, and the crude tag return rates were adjusted accordingly. The combined returns from commercial and amateur fishermen for the first year after tagging, adjusted for tag loss, were: Great Barrier Island, 19 (2.3%); inner Hauraki Gulf, June tagging, 98 (5.7%), October tagging, 179 (6.8%). Tag return rates from different parts of the study area varied considerably.

Calculations of the population size for the inner Hauraki Gulf (fishery statistical areas 006 and 007) were made from tag returns of longline and set net fishermen and their catch statistics taken from the monthly fishing returns; Petersen's method gave population sizes of 43 million (returns from June tagging) and 36 million (October). The catch statistics are thought to considerably under‐record the real landings, and better estimates of the population size may be 71 million and 60 million respectively.  相似文献   

Ingestion of placenta in Hooker's Sea Lion (note)     

B. J. Marlow 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):233-238

The partial ingestion of the placenta by a newly parturient Hooker's sea lion, Phocarctos hookeri (Gray, 1844) (Pinnipedia: Otariidae), was seen on Enderby Island, Auckland Islands, in December 1972. This atypical behaviour may have resulted from the misdirection towards the placenta of pup protection activity.  相似文献   

The influence of habitat structure on juvenile fish in a New Zealand estuary     

Darren M. Parsons  Mark A. Morrison  Simon F. Thrush  Crispin Middleton  Matt Smith  Keren T. Spong  Dane Buckthought 《Marine Ecology》2013,34(4):492-500

Estuarine and sheltered coastal habitats that contain physical structure are potentially important nurseries for juvenile fish. Many of these structured habitats, however, are potentially vulnerable to stressors such as elevated turbidity. Quantifying the benefits that structured habitats provide to juvenile fish may therefore be an important step in the management process. We investigated the value of structured habitat for juvenile fishes in northeastern New Zealand, using artificial seagrass units (ASUs) with varying blade density. ASUs were predominantly settled by juvenile snapper (Pagrus auratus) and spotty (Notolabrus celidotus). The density of both snapper and spotty was greatest on ASUs with the highest blade density. For snapper, a gradient in abundance was present (with higher abundance closer to the harbour mouth), suggesting either a gradient in the supply of recruits or a potential recruitment shadow effect. The size distribution of juvenile snapper (12–70 mm fork length) was very similar on both sampling trips, despite the 2‐month interim period, suggesting an ontogenetic habitat shift dependent on size. The condition of juvenile snapper from ASUs with the highest blade density was also greater than the other ASU treatments. Overall, these results provide new empirical evidence that habitats with physical structure within shallow estuarine systems are important to early stage juvenile fishes such as snapper, and indicate that the location‐specific context of that habitat is also likely important.  相似文献