Contrasting years in the Gironde estuary (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic) springtime outflow and consequences for zooplankton pyruvate kinase activity and the nutritional condition of anchovy larvae: an early view   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Bergeron  Jean-Pierre 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(6):928-932

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Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) from the Huanghai Sea, China     

HUANG Liang  WU Ying  WAN Ruijing  ZHANG Jing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(4):154-160

Generally, nutrient cycle is closely related to the element distribution in biomass and the population dynamics in ecosystems. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) of different body lengths from the Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea) were determined to better understand their variability and reasons during its life history. The mean content was 45.12%, 10.12% and 2.02% for C, N and P, respectively. Significant differences in C, N and P elemental composition were found among different sizes, which could be explained by varying proportions of storage compounds in whole body fish, and varying degrees of ossification. Considering abundant resources in Japanese anchovy, it was an important P-pool in the cycle of P. Moreover, the excreted N/P ratio was significantly different in fishes of different sizes, especially at high gross growth efficiency. In the past two decades, overexploitation tended to cause smaller body length in the community structure of anchovy, which presumably changed the nutrient cycle in food webs of the Huanghai Sea. Exptrapolation of the results indicates that Japanese anchovy may be important for conveying nutrient in the Huanghai Sea.  相似文献   

Coupling of an individual-based model of anchovy with lower trophic level and hydrodynamic models     

WANG Yuheng  WEI Hao  Michio J. Kishi 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(1):45-52

Anchovy (Engraulis japonicus), a small pelagic fish and food of other economic fishes, is a key species in the Yellow Sea ecosystem. Understanding the mechanisms of its recruitment and biomass variation is important for the prediction and management of fishery resources. Coupled with a hydrodynamic model (POM) and a lower trophic level ecosystem model (NEMURO), an individual-based model of anchovy is developed to study the influence of physical environment on anchovy’s biomass variation. Seasonal variations of circulation, water temperature and mix-layer depth from POM are used as external forcing for NEMURO and the anchovy model. Biomasses of large zooplankton and predatory zooplankton which anchovy feeds on are output from NEMURO and are controlled by the consumption of anchovy on them. Survival fitness theory related to temperature and food is used to determine the swimming action of anchovy in the model. The simulation results agree well with observations and elucidate the influence of temperature in over-wintering migration and food in feeding migration.  相似文献   

铜绿微囊藻(Microcystic aeruginosa var. major)胞外酸性多糖的分离、纯化及其理化特性   总被引：15，自引：5，他引：10  

梅秋红  缪月秋  张成武  陆长梅  吴国荣 《湖泊科学》2005,17(4):322-326

通过研究太湖湖鲚的年龄结构、食物组成,结合太湖鱼类渔获量统计和环境检测资料,分析了1973-2002年间太 湖湖鲚渔获量变化的规律、原因及与生物环境间的相互关系．结果表明：1994年后湖鲚渔获量正以平均年增1430t 的速度 上升;种群中0~ 个体占99．04±2．21%(2003年)、99．08±0．80%(2004年);而0~ 湖鲚主要以浮游动物为食,其中枝角 类占食物总个数的89．77．80±13．69%．分析发现：湖鲚渔获量与 TIN、TN、COD 间的正相关关系均达到显著水平;与翘嘴 红鲌、银鱼产量间的负相关关系达到极显著水平;种群低龄化趋势加剧与捕捞强度不断升高相一致;浮游动物现存量有随 湖鲚渔获量升高而降低的趋势．  相似文献   

东海、黄海不同生长时期鳀鱼的胃排空率   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙耀  马志敏  刘勇  唐启升 《海洋学报》2006,28(3):103-108

采用现场和室内模拟方法,测定了东海、黄海不同时期鳀鱼的胃排空率,比较了3种常用数学模型对其排空曲线的拟合程度.统计结果表明,3种数学模型均可较好地描述鳀鱼的胃排空曲线,其中当鳀鱼个体较小或实验温度接近于适温下限时,排空曲线较接近于一条直线,随个体增大和温度升高,则逐渐演变为典型的指数曲线;综合评价结果表明,指数模型最适于定量描述其胃排空曲线,平方根模型次之,直线模型较差.在本研究的生长期范围内,近岸觅食高温期的当年生鳀鱼个体较小,胃排空率相对较低;随后温度虽然降低,但个体有较大幅度增大,排空率明显增大;当温度继续降低至越冬温度时,个体继续增大引起的变化被温度效应所掩盖,排空率降低到最低点;越冬后洄游至近岸海域进行生殖之前,温度和体重与越冬阶段项比较,都有较大幅度增长,且测定时卵巢已发育至Ⅳ期,卵巢发育增大了体内能量消耗,故这一时期鳀鱼的胃排空率远大于其他各时期.  相似文献   

The marine ecosystem off Peru: What are the secrets of its fishery productivity and what might its future hold?   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

Andrew Bakun  Scarla J. Weeks 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,79(2-4):290

The marine ecosystem located off the coast of central and northern Peru has stood as the “world’s champion” producer, by far, of exploitable fish biomass, generally yielding more than 20 times the tonnage of fishery landings produced by other comparable regional large marine ecosystems of the world’s oceans that operate under similar dynamic contexts and are characterized by comparable, or even greater, basic primary production. Two potentially contributing aspects are discussed from a framework of interregional comparative pattern recognition: (1) the advantageous low-latitude situation that combines strong upwelling-based nutrient enrichment with low wind-induced turbulence generation and relatively extended mean “residence times” within the favorable upwelling-conditioned near-coastal habitat and (2) the cyclic “re-setting” of the system by ENSO perturbations that may tend to interrupt malignant growth of adverse self-amplifying feedback loops within the nonlinear biological dynamics of the ecosystem.There is a developing scientific consensus that one of the more probable consequences of impending global climate changes will be a general slowing of the equatorial Pacific Walker Circulation and a consequent weakening of the Pacific trade wind system. Since the upwelling-favorable winds off Peru tend to flow directly into the Pacific southeast trade winds, a question arises as to the likely effect on the upwelling-producing winds that power the productivity of the regional coastal ecosystems of the Peru–Humboldt Current zone. It is argued that the effects will in fact be decoupled to the extent that upwelling-favorable winds will actually tend to increase off Peru. Data demonstrative of this decoupling are presented. A tendency for less intense El Niño episodes in the future is also suggested. These conclusions provide a framework for posing certain imponderables as to the future character of the Peruvian marine ecosystem and of the fisheries it supports.  相似文献   

Using multinomial models to analyse data from Iberian sardine egg incubation experiments: a comparison with traditional techniques     

Bernal  Miguel; Ibaibarriaga  Leire; Lago de Lanzos  Ana; Lonergan  Mike E.; Hernandez  Carmen; Franco  Concha; Rasines  Inmaculada; Valdes  Luis; Borchers  David L. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2008,65(1):51-59

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Uncertainties in Stock Assessment and the Precautionary Management Suggestions for the Anchovy （Engraulisjaponicus） Stock in the Yellow Sea     

WANG Yanjun LIU Qun MA Yuxia 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(3):268-274

Anchovy(Engraulis japonicus) is an abundant fish species in the Yellow Sea,and its natural stock is decreasing rapidly in recent years. Based on the stock-recruitment(SR) data from 1987 to 2002 published in Zhao et al.(2003),the criterion BIC(Bayesian Information Criterion) is applied to selecting a suitable model from six normal and lognormal error structured SR statisti-cal models,the age-structured model is used to calculate the biological reference points(BRPs),and the precision of the SR parame-ters and BRPs are calculated using bootstrap method. The results indicate that the anchovy fishery resource in the Yellow Sea is in an over-fished state. The precaution management principle requires that the fishery should be closed immediately.  相似文献   

The 2005 KwaZulu-Natal sardine run survey sheds new light on the ecology of small pelagic fish off the east coast of South Africa     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(2):337-360

Despite much public awareness surrounding the annual migration of sardine Sardinops sagax northward along the east coast of South Africa in winter each year, relatively little research effort has been expended to improve understanding of the ‘sardine run’. For this reason, a dedicated multidisciplinary survey, timed to coincide with the annual sardine run, was conducted off the East Coast in June and July of 2005. The major objective of the survey was to estimate the biomass of sardine off the East Coast during the run, and to compare this with biomass estimates collected during previous surveys conducted in this area during the late 1980s when the South African sardine population was at a considerably smaller size. We also collected data on the distribution of sardine and other small pelagic fish species and their eggs, the biological characteristics of sardine during the run, and data on the hydrography (temperature and currents) and lower trophic levels (phytoplankton and zooplankton) of the region. Results suggest that the biomass of sardine off the East Coast in winter remains relatively small and consistent, regardless of overall sardine population size. The narrow continental shelf to the east of Port Alfred, which is dominated offshore by the fast-flowing warm Agulhas Current, constrains the amount of suitable habitat for sardine and other clupeoids such as anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus, West Coast round herring Etrumeus whiteheadi and East Coast round herring Etrumeus teres, and hence precludes these species from attaining a high biomass in this region. Additionally, primary and secondary productivity levels are much lower than elsewhere on the western and eastern Agulhas Bank off the south coast of South Africa, suggesting that the sardine run is not a feeding migration. A previous hypothesis that the run is mainly a result of an expansion of the distributional range of these fish as conditions become favourable in winter due to sporadic cooling off the East Coast is also not entirely supported by results from the survey. It is suggested that a migration for the purposes of spawning off this coast when conditions become favourable is a more likely incentive for sardine to undertake this arduous journey, despite increased predation and poor feeding conditions.  相似文献   

The 2004 re-assessment of the South African sardine and anchovy populations to take account of revisions to earlier data and recent record abundances     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):333-348

Hydroacoustic surveys off the coast of South Africa over the early years of the 21st century indicated that both the sardine Sardinops sagax and anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus populations had simultaneously reached record abundances. The South African pelagic fishery is regulated using an Operational Management Procedure (OMP). The OMP in use at that time had been developed using data from the two populations prior to this rapid and substantial increase in abundances. This paper documents the revised assessments that were urgently required to provide a basis to update the OMP. These assessments resulted in a changed perception of the status and productivity of these populations. In particular, estimates of the stock-recruitment relationships and the extent of variation about them, which play a key role in evaluating risk when developing OMPs, altered substantially from estimates derived from earlier assessments.  相似文献