Characterization of Pythium chondricola associated with red rot disease of Pyropia yezoensis (Ueda)(Bangiales,Rhodophyta) from Lianyungang,China     

QIU Liping  MAO Yunxiang  TANG Lei  TANG Xianghai  MO Zhaolan 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):1102-1112

Pyropia yezoensis(formerly Porphyra yezoensis)is an economically important red alga that is cultured extensively in China.The red rot disease occurs commonly during Pyropia cultivation,causing serious economic losses.An incidence of red rot disease was found in a P.yezoensis farm from mid-November to mid-December 2015 at Lianyungang,Jiangsu Province,China.Histopathological examination revealed that the naturally infected thalli were infected apparently by a pathogen,leading to red rot symptoms.The causative agent was isolated and identified as the oomycete Pythium chondricola by morphological analysis and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer and cytochrome oxidase subunit 1(cox 1).In artifi cial infection experiments on the P.yezoensis blades,the P.chondricola isolate was able to cause the same characteristic histopathology seen in natural infections.P.chondricola grew well at a wide range of temperatures in the range 8-31℃,salinities at 0-45 and pH 5-9.In an orthogonal test used to determine the effects of environmental factors(temperature,salinity,and zoospore concentration)on infection,the data revealed that temperature was the most important factor to affect red rot disease development,with the optimal conditions for disease expansion being 20℃,35 salinity,and a zoospore concentration of 10^6 zoospores/mL.The results obtained from the present study prompted us to set up a comprehensive epidemiological study on Pyropia,which will provide support to maintain the healthy development of the Pyropia industry in China.  相似文献   

坛紫菜生活史的研究现状及存在的问题     

黄冰心  刘金梅  马元元  姜晶晶  丁兰平 《海洋科学》2020,44(9):166-175

坛紫菜（Porphyra haitanensis）属暖温性海藻,是中国东南沿海的重要栽培物种,2011年度栽培面积达30余万亩。其生活史过程比较复杂,既有雌雄异体,也有雌雄同体;既存在无性生殖,也存在有性生殖;其能否产生单孢子也常常引起争议。为此,本文总结了坛紫菜的生殖及生活史的研究现状和存在的问题,旨在为坛紫菜的遗传育种提供一定的理论参考。  相似文献   

CO₂升高和阳光紫外辐射对坛紫菜生长和光合特性的耦合效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐军田  高坤山 《海洋学报》2013,35(5):184-190

大气CO₂持续升高,导致溶入海水中的CO₂增多,海水表层的H+浓度增加,从而引起海洋酸化。为了探讨近岸定生大型海藻对这种环境变化的响应,本文选择经济海藻坛紫菜为实验材料,研究海洋酸化与紫外辐射对藻体生长以及光合特性的影响。实验分两个CO₂处理,分别为正常空气水平(390 ppmv)和高CO₂水平(800 ppmv); 三种辐射处理,分别为全波长辐射(PAB)、滤除紫外线B(PA)和仅接受可见光处理(PAR)。研究结果表明,CO₂培养下的坛紫菜,在仅有可见光(P)或者同时有紫外线A(PA)存在的情况下,显著促进藻体的生长;但在全波长辐射处理下(PAB),这种作用不明显。高CO₂降低了藻体在P和PA处理下的光合作用速率,但对PAB处理作用不显著。高CO₂处理下的藻体,UV-B显著降低了全波长辐射下藻体紫外吸收物质的含量,但在正常CO₂水平下,紫外辐射的作用不显著。这表明高CO₂导致的生长优势被紫外辐射的负面效应所抵消,在全球变化的过程中,紫外辐射的进一步加强在海洋酸化的背景下甚至有可能降低坛紫菜的产量。  相似文献   

Pyropia yezoensis can utilize CO2 in the air during moderate dehydration     

周伟  何林文  杨芳  林阿朋  张宝玉  牛建峰  王广策 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(2):358-364

Pyropia yezoensis,an intertidal seaweed,experiences regular dehydration and rehydration with the tides.In this study,the responses of P.yezoensis to dehydration and rehydration under high and low CO 2 concentrations((600–700)×10-6 and(40–80)×10-6,named Group I and Group II respectively)were investigated.The thalli of Group I had a signifi cantly higher effective photosystem II quantum yield than the thalli of Group II at 71% absolute water content(AWC).There was little difference between thalli morphology,total Rubisco activity and total protein content at 100% and 71% AWC,which might be the basis for the normal performance of photosynthesis during moderate dehydration.A higher effective photosystem I quantum yield was observed in the thalli subjected to a low CO 2 concentration during moderate dehydration,which might be caused by the enhancement of cyclic electron fl ow.These results suggested that P.yezoensis can directly utilize CO 2 in ambient air during moderate dehydration.  相似文献   

紫菜(Porphyra遗传差异的ISSR分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

孙雪  骆其君  杨锐  裴鲁青 《海洋与湖沼》2007,38(2):141-145

采用ISSR标记技术对来自不同产地的6个坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)无性系和两个条斑紫菜(P.yezoensis)无性系进行了遗传差异的分析。结果表明,7条ISSR引物在8个紫菜系中共扩增出59条片段,全部表现出多态性。根据Nei等的相似性系数得出8个紫菜系间的遗传距离在0.274—0.746之间。用UPGMA方法作出的系统树中各紫菜基本上是按照产地进行聚类,从而推测紫菜的遗传差异可能与地域分布相关。本文结果也证明了ISSR与RAPD、AFLP等标记技术一样适用于紫菜的遗传多样性分析。  相似文献   

大型海藻中环二肽类抑藻活性化合物的分离纯化     

庄丽雯  周文静  毛奕淋  郭赣林  王长海  孙颖颖 《海洋通报》2022,(6)

采用茚三酮试剂显色的薄层原位化学反应和抑藻活性检测方法,从龙须菜、条斑紫菜、鹿角藻和裙带菜中筛选环肽,发现龙须菜和条斑紫菜中存在具有抑藻活性的环肽。以龙须菜和条斑紫菜粉末为原料,采用硅胶柱层析和（或）硅胶薄层层析制备等方法,从龙须菜中分离到环（脯氨酸-甘氨酸）、环（丝氨酸-脯氨酸）和环（丙氨酸-色氨酸）,从条斑紫菜中纯化到环（亮氨酸-脯氨酸）和环（缬氨酸-酪氨酸）。除环（丝氨酸-脯氨酸）外,其余4种环二肽均是首次从相应大型海藻中获得。环（脯氨酸-甘氨酸）、环（亮氨酸-脯氨酸）和环（缬氨酸-酪氨酸）明显抑制了强壮前沟藻、赤潮异弯藻和球形棕囊藻的生长,对米氏凯伦藻和中肋骨条藻有选择性抑制作用。在50 μg/mL时,3种环二肽对强壮前沟藻、赤潮异弯藻和球形棕囊藻的生长抑制率≥50%（第4d）;环（脯氨酸-甘氨酸）对米氏凯伦藻以及环（亮氨酸-脯氨酸）对中肋骨条藻的生长抑制率超过或接近50%。随后,获得环二肽对赤潮微藻生长的半抑制效应浓度EC50-96h。结果表明,环（脯氨酸-甘氨酸）、环（亮氨酸-脯氨酸）和环（缬氨酸-酪氨酸）在抑制米氏凯伦藻、球形棕囊藻或赤潮异弯藻方面比重铬酸钾更有优势,有望开发为环境友好型赤潮微藻抑藻剂。  相似文献   

海州湾条斑紫菜养殖对浮游藻类群落结构及遗传多样性的影响     

王洪斌  李信书  宋秀梅  吴言  李士虎  阎斌伦 《海洋科学》2014,38(12):103-109

为了研究条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)养殖对江苏海州湾浮游藻类群落结构及遗传多样性的影响,于江苏省海州湾条斑紫菜养殖及非养殖海区各设置4个采样位点,采集表层海水,提取海水中浮游藻类的总DNA,PCR扩增浮游藻类核酮糖1,5-二磷酸羧化/氧化酶大亚基(rbc L)基因片段,构建了养殖及非养殖海区rbc L片段质粒文库。在文库中随机选择50个阳性克隆并测序。经比对分析,在条斑紫菜非养殖区发现8种海洋微藻,隐鞭藻占总克隆数22%,海链藻和骨条藻分别占6%和2%;养殖海区发现10种微藻,其中异丝藻占总克隆数22%,优势度明显,仅3种微藻为二海区共有(骨条藻、隐鞭藻及小球藻),表明紫菜养殖及非养殖区浮游藻类群落组成差异显著。条斑紫菜非养殖区及养殖区的浮游藻类香农指数均值分别为3.273和3.654,均匀度指数均值分别为1.090和1.040,显示养殖区浮游藻类遗传多样性较丰富,而群落的成熟度与稳定性非养殖区高。研究证实,表层海水浮游藻类群落结构及组成是动态的,条斑紫菜的养殖行为形成浮游藻类群落结构及遗传多样性较大差异性。  相似文献   

Exploring valid internal-control genes in Porphyra yezoensis （Bangiaceae） during stress response conditions     

王文磊  吴晓洁  王超  贾兆君  何林文  韦一凡  牛建峰  王广策 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(4):783-791

  相似文献   

条斑紫菜低覆盖度基因组草图分析     

牛建峰  高胜寒  骆迎峰  袁野  王广策  胡松年 《海洋科学集刊》2011,50(6):76-81

对条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)进行Solexa 高通量测序, 获得低覆盖度全基因组草图。该基因组草图大小约220 Mbp, GC 质量分数53.08%; 包含26 629 个预测基因, 其中16 409 个基因具有内含子,平均每个基因含2.22 个内含子; 基因结构分析表明具有内含子的基因平均长度为2 214 bp, 内含子平均大小319 bp; 代谢通路分析表明嘌呤代谢是含有蛋白数量最多的代谢途径。本研究所得条斑紫菜低覆盖度全基因组草图快速获取了基因组大小和蛋白编码基因结构等基本信息, 证明了使用Solexa 高通量测序技术对条斑紫菜进行全基因组测序的可行性。  相似文献   

Subunit composition and chromophore content of R-phycoerythrin fromPorphyra haitanensis     

Gao Hong-feng  Ji Ming-hou  Cao Wen-da 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,14(1):36-40

R-phycoerythrin fromPorphyra haitanensis exists in two aggregation states with different molecular weights. A more highly aggregated form, RPE I, was chromatographed on Bio-Rex 70 column with urea solution (pH 3.0) as eluent, and the molecular weights of the 3 subunits (α, β, γ) obtained were determined on SDS-PAGE at 18000, 19200 and 30000, respectively. α subunit carried two phycoerythrobilin (PEB); β subunit, three PEB and one phycourobilin (PUB); γ subunit, one PEB and three PUB chromophores. The molar ratio of α, β, and γ subunits of RPE I was 6: 6: 1, and their subunit composition was confired to be (αβ)₆γ on account of the molecular weight of RPE I, 232000. A lower aggregated form, RPE II, contained α and β subunits similar to those of RPE I, but its subunit composition was the (αβ) monomer of RPE. Contribution No. 2108 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  相似文献