卤水制备氢氧化锂研究进展   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

宋士涛  邓小川  孙建之 《盐湖研究》2005,13(2):60-65

简单介绍了氢氧化锂的性质,对氢氧化锂的需求和应用作了简要描述。重点介绍了卤水制备氢氧化锂的方法和工艺,并展望了卤水生产氢氧化锂的前景。  相似文献   

内陆盐湖石盐流体包裹体均一温度指示意义的现代过程研究     

刘兴起  倪培  董海良  王天刚 《岩石学报》2007,23(1)

Halite precipitation with water and air temperature was observed in detail,and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in halite formed in ancient and modem Chaka Salt Lake was studied.Halite precipitates mainly in August every year and largely precipitates between 13 and 15pm at one day when water temperatures reach 20℃but can seldom reach 30℃.Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in halite formed in Chaka Salt Lake range from 14℃to 38℃with an average of 23.7℃.The number of inclusions appears an obvious peak value at homogenization temperatures between 18～25℃,which probably represent the water temperature in which halite mainly precipitates when water temperatures reach 20℃.Therefore,homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in halite formed in Chaka Salt Lake can well reflect the water temperature.  相似文献   

Salt and ice crystallisation in porous sandstones   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Joerg Ruedrich  Siegfried Siegesmund 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(2):225-249

Salt and ice crystallisation in the pore spaces causes major physical damage to natural building stones. The damaging effect of these processes can be traced back to physically induced stress inside of the rock while crystallizing. The increasing scientific research done during the past century has shown that there are numerous parameters that have an influence on the weathering resulting from these processes. However, the working mechanisms of the stress development within the rock and its material dependency are still subject to discussion. This article gives an overview of salt and ice weathering. Additionally, laboratory results of various sandstones examined are presented. Salt crystallisation tests and freeze/thaw tests were done to obtain information about how crystallisation weathering depends on material characteristics such as pore space, water transportation, and mechanical features. Simultaneous measuring of the length alternating during the salt and ice crystallisation has revealed detailed information on the development of crystal in the pore spaces as well as the development of stress. These findings can help to understand the damaging mechanisms.  相似文献   

Drying of salt-contaminated masonry: MRI laboratory monitoring     

Teresa Diaz Gonçalves  Leo Pel  José Delgado Rodrigues 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(2):293-302

Drying of masonry specimens was monitored by means of a two-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. The external surfaces stayed wet for longer if NaCl was present instead of pure water only. This corroborates many practical observations that salts aggravate dampness in masonry. A slower evaporation process and not hygroscopicity was the cause. That suggests that salt-induced dampness may, in general, arise simply from changes in the drying process of masonry materials. That also implies that the height and depth at which crystallization occurs in walls may depend on the relative equilibrium humidity (RHeq) and other properties of salts that influence drying of porous materials. Evaporation rates of free surfaces of pure water and saturated NaCl solution were measured by a gravimetric technique. The results indicate that slow drying of salt-contaminated materials is not due only to the lower RHeq of salt solutions. The effective surface of evaporation is likely to be reduced perhaps due to blocking of pores by salt crystals. Final salt-distribution maps of the specimens show that: (a) salts may affect the inner materials of the masonry, even in evaporation-induced processes that lead crystallization to occur predominantly on the external surface; (b) distinct internal distribution patterns occur if masonry composition varies. Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users.  相似文献   

Experimental Study of Temperature Effects on Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Salt Rock   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

W. G. Liang  S. G. Xu  Y. S. Zhao 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2006,39(5):469-482

Summary. Because of its advantageous physical and mechanical characteristics, salt rock is considered an excellent host rock for nuclear waste disposal. Nuclear wastes in a salt rock repository will continue to emit radiation and thermal energy for decades after placement, resulting in a significant rise of the surrounding salt rock temperature. Consequently, study of the physical and mechanical characteristics of salt rock under different temperature conditions is essential to ensure the integrity of the salt rock repository and the safe isolation of nuclear wastes from the biosphere. Through a series of physical and mechanical tests on thenardite salt rock at different temperatures (ranging from 20 °C to 240 °C), it is found that the mechanical parameters have different reactions to a changing temperature. Tests show that the ultrasonic velocity of samples decreases with temperature increase and both the uniaxial compressive strength and axial strain increase with temperature, whereas the tangent modulus E_t goes in an opposite direction. Meanwhile, the plastic strain increases gradually and strain-softening behavior of the samples becomes increasingly evident. In the pre-set angle shear tests, both the cohesion and internal friction angle increase with temperature. Results obtained in direct shear illustrate that both the peak shear strength and the ultimate shear strength increase with temperature. We conclude that the behavior of thenardite salt rock at high temperatures is still advantageous to the integrity of salt rock repository, assuring the safe isolation of nuclear wastes from the biosphere.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地昆特依盐湖含杂卤石地层高分辨率矿物学研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李俊  张西营  张星  胡明月  孙东阳  赵令浩  苗卫良  李雯霞  李永寿  唐启亮  袁小龙  都永生 《地质学报》2021,95(7):2138-2149

柴达木盆地昆特依盐湖杂卤石资源丰富,是开展现代内陆盐湖杂卤石成因机制研究的良好载体.精细刻画沉积特征对阐释沉积矿床成因具有重要作用.本研究以昆特依盐湖大盐滩矿区ZK3608钻孔岩芯14.08-25.48 m段碎屑-杂卤石沉积韵律为研究对象,开展高分辨率矿物学研究,结合石盐流体包裹体化学组成和石盐中微量元素分析,尝试从高分辨率沉积学和矿物学的角度探讨杂卤石的成因.研究结果显示,石盐层产出的杂卤石含量低但分布范围广,为原生矿物;碎屑层中的杂卤石主要为次生矿物.石盐层与碎屑层之间存在一个过渡层位,该层位的杂卤石高度富集且矿物组成复杂,推测是由于原生与准同生杂卤石短时间内先后形成导致的.结合石盐流体包裹体化学组成所代表的古卤水变化特征分析表明,Ca-Cl型深部油田卤水的补给对研究区不同时期杂卤石的形成有重要影响.地球化学特征综合分析指示,石盐层的原生杂卤石由富钾镁的浓缩卤水与Ca-Cl型深部油田卤水混合直接生成;而过渡层位的杂卤石受到气候变化与Ca-Cl型深部油田卤水补给的共同作用.  相似文献   

Geothermal energy exploitation from depleted high-temperature gas reservoirs by recycling CO2:The superiority and existing problems     

Guodong Cui  Shaoran Ren  Bin Dou  Fulong Ning 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):428-443

CO2 can be used as an alternative injectant to exploit geothermal energy from depleted high-temperature gas res-ervoirs due to its high mobility and unique thermal properties.However,there has been a lack of systematic anal-ysis on the heat mining mechanism and performance of CO2,as well as the problems that may occur during geothermal energy exploitation at specific gas reservoir conditions.In this paper,a base numerical simulation model of a typical depleted high-temperature gas reservoir was established to simulate the geothermal energy exploitation processes via recycling CO2 and water,with a view to investigate whether and/or at which condi-tions CO2 is more suitable than water for geothermal energy exploitation.The problems that may occur during the CO2-based geothermal energy exploitation were also analyzed along with proposed feasible solutions.The re-sults indicate that,for a depleted low-permeability gas reservoir with dimensions of 1000 m × 500 m × 50 m and temperature of 150℃using a single injection-production well group for 40 years of operation,the heat mining rate of C02 can be up to 3.8 MW at a circulation flow rate of 18 kg s-1 due to its high mobility along with the flow path in the gas reservoir,while the heat mining rate of water is only about 2 MW due to limitations on the injectivity and mobility.The reservoir physical property and injection-production scheme have some effects on the heat mining rate,but CO2 always has better performance than water at most reservoir and operation condi-tions,even under a high water saturation.The main problems for CO2 circulation are wellbore corrosion and salt precipitation that can occur when the reservoir has high water saturation and high salinity,in which serious salt precipitation can reduce formation permeability and result in a decline of CO2 heat mining rate(e.g.up to 24％reduction).It is proposed to apply a low-salinity water slug before CO2 injection to reduce the damage caused by salt precipitation.For high-permeability gas reservoirs with high water saturation and high salinity,the supe-riority of CO2 as a heat transmission fluid becomes obscure and water injection is recommended.  相似文献   

Magnetostratigraphy and ~(230)Th dating of a drill core from the southeastern Qaidam Basin:Salt lake evolution and tectonic implications     

An-Dong Chen  Mian-Ping Zheng  Hai-Tao Yao  Kui Su  Jian-Ming Xu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(3):943-953

The Qarhan Salt Lake area is the Quaternary depocenter of the Qaidam Basin, and carries thick lacustrine sediments, as well as rich potassium and magnesium salt deposits. The abundant resources and thick sediments in this lake provide an ideal place for the study of biogas formation and preservation, salt lake evolution, and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we attempt to construct a paleomagnetic and ~(230)Th age model and to obtain information on tectonic activity and salt lake evolution through detailed studies on a 1300-m-long drill core(15DZK01) from the northwestern margin of the Qarhan Salt Lake area(Dongling Lake). Based on gypsum ~(230)Th dating, the age of the uppermost clastic deposit was calculated to be around 0.052 Ma. The polarity sequence consist of 13 pairs of normal and reversed zones,which can be correlated with subchrons C2r.1r-C1n of the geomagnetic polarity timescale(GPTS 2012)(from ~2.070 Ma to ~0.052 Ma). Sedimentary characteristics indicate that Dongling Lake witnessed freshwater environment between ~ 2.070 Ma and 1.546 Ma. During this period, the sedimentary record reflects primarily lakeshore, shallow-water and swamp environments, representing favourable conditions for the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks. Between 1.546 Ma and ~ 0.052 Ma, the Dongling Lake was in sulphate deposition stage, which contrasts with the central Qarhan Salt Lake area, where this stage did not occur in the meantime. During this stage, Dongling Lake was in a shallow saltwater lake environment, but several periods of reduced salinity occurred during this stage. During the late Pleistocene at ~0.052 Ma, the Dongling Lake experienced uplift due to tectonic activity, and saltwater migrated through the Sanhu Fault to the central Qarhan Salt Lake area, resulting in the absence of halite deposition stage. The residual saline water was concentrated into magnesium-rich brine due to the lack of freshwater, and few potassium salt deposits occur in the Dongling Lake area.  相似文献   

聚焦变化中的盐湖:二次科考盐湖专题阶段性研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

王建萍  张西营  焦鹏程 《盐湖研究》2022,30(2):1-10

青藏高原是我国重要的生态屏障,也是重要的盐湖分布区。在青藏高原第一次综合科考时曾对青藏高原盐湖开展过系统调查。二次科考在一次科考的基础上,加强了对一些工作程度不够的极端困难区的补充调查,还重点开展了气候变化及资源开发双重影响下青藏高原盐湖资源与环境的变化趋势;现代盐湖关键元素迁移、富集规律;古钾盐成矿预测;盐湖资源开发的生态环境效应等研究工作。经过近3年的系统工作,专题获得了大量一手科考数据,已取得了一批有显示度的科学成果。研究系统介绍了盐湖专题科考方案的整体思路、研究内容、技术路线、前期获得的亮点成果及下一步工作计划等。  相似文献   

老挝万象钾盐矿床盐背斜成因与判别标识初步研究          下载免费PDF全文

石国成  朱登贤  张西营  李彦强 《盐湖研究》2022,30(2):128-138

识别盐构造对于研究盐体改造作用、钾盐成矿预测以及钾盐矿山的安全开采利用等方面具有重要作用。本文以老挝万象钾盐矿区为主要研究对象,分析了区域盐背斜成因并尝试构建识别标志。研究表明,重力异常分布可以指示和圈定盐背斜构造位置和分布特征,研究区盐背斜的形成与古河道切割具有密切的成因联系,盐背斜构造在地形地貌上具有明显的响应特征。上述研究结果对于深入认识该区域钾盐矿床的成因与后期改造作用过程具有重要意义。  相似文献