Transport of waste heat from a nuclear power plant into coastal water     

Ping Zeng  Huiquan Chen  Baichuan Ao  Ping Ji  Xiaojian Wang  Zhiliang Ou 《Coastal Engineering》2002,44(4)

A numerical and experimental modeling is presented for studying the transport of waste heat from a nuclear power plant into coastal water by using a full-field physical model with scale distortion, a local physical model with normal scale and a depth-averaged k− turbulence model with a modified second-order upwind scheme. Field investigations are also used to provide the calibration and validation of the modeling. A case study simulating the turbulent tidal flow and waste heat transport in the coastal water near Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant in Southern China was conducted. The experimental result of the case study shows that the water temperature in coastal water was a little oversimulated near the surface and was a little undersimulated near the bottom of heated-water layer by the full-field physical model. The numerical study shows that the depth-averaged k− turbulence model presented a satisfied prediction of turbulent tidal flow and far-field temperature distribution in coastal water, although the near-field stratification due to the heated water effluent was not accounted for. The result of the effect of scale distortion on physical model shows that a full-field physical model with a scale distortion of 10 produced a satisfied result of temperature distribution in the present case study.  相似文献   

苏北灌河口潮间带表层沉积物重金属空间分布特征及其环境效应   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

黄家祥  殷勇  徐军  朱小兵 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2007,27(5):23-32

灌河是苏北地区最大、航运条件最好的入海河流。重金属元素分析显示,灌河口表层沉积物中Hg、As和Cu的含量高于背景值;Pb和Zn的含量接近背景值;Cd的含量低于背景值。其中Hg元素出现了中等程度的生态危害性,而Cr、As、Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd等元素的生态危害系数均极低,整个灌河口潮滩地区并没有出现较为严重的重金属生态危害。  相似文献   

井水位对地壳应力-应变响应灵敏度的研究   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

车用太  刘五洲  鱼金子  高立新  纪建国  张淑亮  王爱英 《地震》2003,23(3):113-120

从丰镇井水位的潮汐效应、地表水体荷载效应与列车荷载效应分别计算出井水位对各类应力 应变的响应灵敏度,其结果分别是6.6×10-9体应变/mm、9.6×10-7体应变/mm与1.0×10-2体应变/mm;在此基础上,推算出该井水位在张北地震前60mm的缓升型异常相应的含水层应变与应力前兆的量级为5.76×10-5体应变与2.3kPa。  相似文献   

关于地平式反射望远镜的CCD平场(英文)     

姚保安  王叔和  唐正宏 《天文学进展》2008,26(4)

现有标准设计的反光望远镜在拍摄CCD平场时,绝大多数都受残留散射光的影响.但是赤道式与地平式反光镜所受影响是不同的.在赤道式上做时间序列较差测光时,只要待测星永远位于CCD的固定像元上,不太准确的CCD平场也能得到高精度的测光结果.当需要0.1%～0.3%精度的平场时,则可以采用夜天平场.地平式的特点是,它的CCD相机必须置于旋转器上,在跟踪天体时不停地旋转,以抵消地球自转的影响.上述用于赤道式的方法失效,因此,在CCD平场时,消除散射光的影响比赤道式更为重要.一个典型的地平式反光镜的例子是NAOC兴隆天文台的EOS 1米镜.虽然该台已附加了防散射光的装置,但是对所有B、V、R、I滤光片,在不同旋转器位置拍摄的CCD平场,仍然有2%～3%的差别(主要是梯度).该文给出了改进的建议,必须满足下面两个条件:Cij=C(r);旋转器的中心与反光镜的光学中心重合.此问题的解决对所有地平式反光望远镜都有普遍意义.  相似文献   

Integrating field and laboratory approaches for ripple development in mixed sand–clay–EPS     

Jaco H. Baas  Megan L. Baker  Jonathan Malarkey  Sarah J. Bass  Andrew J. Manning  Julie A. Hope  Jeffrey Peakall  Ian D. Lichtman  Leiping Ye  Alan G. Davies  Daniel R. Parsons  David M. Paterson  Peter D. Thorne 《Sedimentology》2019,66(7):2749-2768

  相似文献   

Preliminary Study of the Ability of Large-scale Deformation Observed by Lunar Based InSAR—Taking Vertical Displacement of Solid Earth Tide as an Example     

Chenglong Ma  Xiaodong Chen  Liming Jiang  Heping Sun  Jianqiao Xu  Jinglong Dong  Dewei Li 《地球科学进展》2019,34(2):164-174

Based on the principle of InSAR (Interferometirc Synthetic Aperture Radar) characterized by large-scale, continuity, permanency and dynamic, we took vertical displacement of solid Earth tide as an example to simulate the large-scale deformation observed by lunar based InSAR for the first time in the study and the observation ability was analyzed. Solid Earth tide has a feature of a large-space distribution range and the lunar based InSAR exhibits a feature of an ultra-wide swath imaging. According to these features, a simplified observation geometry model was established and a mid-low latitudes area with 50 degrees span in both longitude and latitude was selected as the simulation area. Then the revisit time intervals of the lunar based SAR for the selected area and the tidal vertical displacements at the points scanned by the radar were calculated. The time differentials were further computed to get the relative vertical deformation of the solid Earth tide. The simulation results show that the revisit period of the lunar based radar is about 24.8 hours and the maximum vertical displacement in 30 days is up to 30 cm. Since the designed accuracy of the lunar based InSAR reaches several centimeters, the observing of the vertical displacement of the solid Earth tide by using the lunar based InSAR is feasible in theory as the maximum magnitude of the vertical displacement is 1 order of magnitude larger than the designed accuracy. Theoretically ,solid Earth tide is observable by using lunar based InSAR in a sizable area.We can also use the observation data to study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics when observation time lasts two revisit periods or more. On the other hand,the result of the study also provides references for the parameter designing of other observations using the lunar based InSAR, especially for observing large-scale geodynamic phenomena.  相似文献   

河口挡潮闸对三角洲潮汐不对称时空变化的影响*     

沈倩颖  季小梅  张蔚  徐龑文 《热带海洋学报》2021,40(5):1-9

三角洲内部潮汐不对称性与三角洲地貌演变方向有重要关系。目前诸多研究关注海洋、陆地边界的改变对三角洲内的潮汐不对称性演变规律的影响。实际上, 大规模的河口工程也会对三角洲内的潮汐不对称性产生影响。在众多河口工程中, 河口挡潮闸由于直接削弱口门处海洋潮动力, 影响最为直接。荷兰三角洲是潮动力主导型三角洲, 受洪潮灾害影响较为严重, 为此在荷兰西南部修建了世界上著名的三角洲挡潮闸工程。文章以荷兰莱茵河-默兹河三角洲为研究对象, 分析以挡潮闸为主的河口工程对三角洲内河网潮汐不对称性演变特征的影响。选取莱茵河-默兹河三角洲13个潮位站点的50~60年的水文资料, 利用非平稳调和分析方法计算分析三角洲内部潮汐传播特性, 并进一步研究潮汐涨落潮历时不对称性演变特征, 揭示河口挡潮闸工程对潮汐河网中潮汐动力和潮汐不对称性的影响。研究表明, 莱茵河-默兹河三角洲为显著的涨潮占优型河口, 潮汐不对称现象总体向上游沿程增强。河口挡潮闸修建后受河网径流量和潮动力剧烈变化的影响, 封闭的南部通道内的潮波大幅度削弱, 潮汐不对称现象在下游增强在上游减弱。北部、中部通道其他站点则因为通道径流增大, 潮汐不对称现象增强, 中部站点变化更为显著。  相似文献   

礁坪上波浪传播的数值模拟     

何栋彬  房克照  孙家文  刘忠波 《海洋通报》2018,(2):129-138

本文基于具备间断捕捉能力的二阶全非线性Boussinesq数值模型,对规则波和随机波在礁坪地形上的传播变形进行了数值模拟。该模型采用高阶有限体积法和有限差分方法求解守恒格式的控制方程,将波浪破碎视为间断,同时采用静态重构技术处理了海岸动边界问题。重点针对礁坪上波浪传播过程中的波高空间分布和沿程衰减,礁坪上的平均水位变化,以及波浪能量频谱的移动和空间差异等典型水动力现象开展数值计算。将数值结果与实验结果对比,两者吻合情况良好,验证了模型具有良好的稳定性,具备模拟破碎波浪和海-岸动边界的能力,能较为准确地模拟波浪在礁坪地形上的传播过程中发生的各种水动力现象。  相似文献   

威海沿岸海域潮汐特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

邹曙光  刘李钊 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(5):83-86

文章主要选取国家海洋局成山头海洋环境监测站1996—2016年的潮位、潮差月值资料,利用线性回归法,对威海沿岸海域近21年来的潮汐特征进行分析。结果表明:威海沿岸海域近21年的平均潮位、最高潮位、最低潮位、平均潮差、最大潮差整体上均呈上升的变化趋势,但气候倾向率各不相同,分别是2.57cm/(10a)、5.872cm/(10a)、4.137cm/(10a)、1.017cm/(10a)、2.604cm/(10a)。  相似文献   

基于遥感水边线的潮滩面积提取方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

张媛媛  高志强  刘向阳  许宁 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(3):56-61

潮滩作为动态变化的后备土地资源,对其研究具有重要意义。文章以江苏省如东县为研究区,使用环境资源卫星(HJ1A/1B)影像为数据源,应用面向对象技术创建分类规则,实现批量半自动提取水边线,随后利用DSAS软件处理水边线集获得潮位点集,基于最外边界法实现高(低)潮位点的提取,进而获得潮滩范围,估算的如东县潮滩面积为55 182hm~2。最后利用误差矩阵进行精度验证(Kappa系数为0.945)。结果表明:该方法对于潮滩面积提取具有适用性,无论在空间域还是时间域都具有一定的推广性。  相似文献