Individual and Synergistic Effects of Metronidazole,Amoxicillin, and Ciprofloxacin on Methane Fermentation with Sewage Sludge     

Paulina Rusanowska  Monika Harnisz  Marcin Zieli&#x;ski  Marcin D&#x;bowski  Ewa Korzeniewska  Marta Kisielewska  Ewa Amenda 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2020,48(2)

Methane fermentation is widely used to dispose of sewage sludge at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), due to production of renewable energy in the form of biogas. Antibiotics present in wastewater may accumulate in a sewage sludge. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of three antibiotics from different classes in three different doses on methane production from sewage sludge. For this purpose, metronidazole (MET), amoxicillin (AMO), and ciprofloxacin (CIP) are individually added to anaerobic reactors with sewage sludge collected from municipal WWTP. The antibiotics’ highest concentration (1024 mg kg^?1 of AMO; 512 mg kg^?1 of MET and CIP) lowers methane production and methane content in biogas. MET exerts the most marked effect and lowers methane production to 36.8 ± 3.7 mL CH₄ kg^?1 volatile solids. Tested antibiotics probably inhibit methanogenic archaea, which results in volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation. Addition of MET results in accumulation of many kinds of VFAs with the highest concentration of acetic acid (17.52 ± 1.85 g L^?1). The addition of of AMO results in accumulation of butyric acid only (253.00 ± 15.89 g L^?1). However, addition of CIP results in accumulation of mainly acetic acid (7.58 ± 0.82 g L^?1) and isovaleric acid (2.01 ± 0.41 g L^?1). Next, synergistic effect of these antibiotics in a low concentration of 16 mg kg^?1 of AMO, 8 mg kg^?1 of MET, and 2 mg kg^?1 of CIP is measured in semi‐continuous conditions and causes inbibition of methane production and accumulation of VFAs.  相似文献   

Nitrogen Removal From Municipal Wastewater Using a Two‐Sludge Denitrification/Nitrification Batch Reactor: Performance and Mechanisms     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(12)

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Trapping Ionic Mercury Using Different Adsorbents     

Adedamola Titi Ojedokun  Abraham Olusegun Oluwole  Olugbenga Solomon Bello 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(12)

Of recent, adsorption process has gained a lot of attention as a cheap and effective means of removing trace metals from wastewater prior to discharge into water bodies. Being flexible in design and operation, the process has enabled an optimal recovery of trace metals such that the treated effluents meet the desired standards for waste disposal. Mercury is a toxicant released into the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources. It is notorious for having an unusual tendency to bio‐accumulate and persist in the food chain. Presence of mercury in food, especially those of aquatic sources has drastic implications on human health. Therefore, efforts have been made to develop and optimize low‐cost activated carbon (AC) as adsorbents for scavenging mercury from aqueous effluents. Herein, how mercury accumulates across the food chain, its health implications, and the recent advancement in the use of low‐cost ACs as adsorbent for trapping mercury from wastewater are highlighted. Relationship between the mercury removal efficiency and the surface morphology of the adsorbents as well as the influence of prevailing experimental condition on the sorption process were addressed. Challenges and future prospects of the use of low‐cost adsorbents in addressing mercury pollution in the environment are discussed.  相似文献   

镀镍多壁碳纳米管对序批式反应器性能及其微生物群落的影响     

高峰  马丙瑞  李姗姗  于娜玲  赵长坤  李志伟  高孟春 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,(9):121-129

本文研究了长期暴露条件下镀镍多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs-Ni)对序批式反应器(SBR)性能、微生物酶活性和微生物群落的影响。研究结果表明,10mg/LMWCNTs-Ni的长期暴露未对SBR去除有机物产生影响,而NH+4-N的去除率由(99.10±0.60)%明显降至(39.04±1.61)%。与进水中未加入MWCNTs-Ni时的第32天相比,活性污泥比耗氧速率(SOUR)和脱氢酶(DHA)活性在第148天时分别降低了17.43%和24.32%;而脱氮速率和与脱氮相关的微生物酶活性均降低了60%以上,从而导致SBR对氮的去除效果明显降低。MWCNTs-Ni的长期暴露导致活性污泥活性氧(ROS)产生量和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量在第148天时分别增加了67.23%和65.33%,表明MWCNTs-Ni的长期暴露能够诱导活性污泥中微生物产生氧化应激和细胞膜损伤。高通量测序结果表明,长期暴露于10mg/L的MWCNTs-Ni条件下,活性污泥中与硝化过程相关菌属(Nitrosomonas、Nitrosospir、Nitrospira)和与反硝化过程相关菌属(Dokdonella、Dechloromonas、Steroidobacter、Devosia、Thermomonas)的相对丰度明显降低,进而影响到SBR对氮的去除。该研究结果可为评价MWCNTsNi对污水生物处理系统的潜在影响提供一定的理论基础和技术依据。  相似文献   

疏浚淤泥化学絮凝−真空预压深度脱水效果评价     

王东星  唐弈锴  伍林峰 《岩土力学》2020,41(12):3929-3938

为实现疏浚淤泥高效快速脱水减容,选取化学絮凝和真空预压相结合的脱水技术,利用自制真空预压抽滤装置对5种类型絮凝剂调理淤泥进行系列室内脱水试验,通过上清液高度、泥水分界面高度、沉降速率、底泥含水率等指标,综合评价疏浚淤泥沉降过程与深度脱水效果。结果表明：5种絮凝剂对应最优添加量分别为Ca(OH)2(1 500 mg/L)、PAFSI(200 mg/L)、PAC(200 mg/L)、HCA(50 mg/L)、APAM(500 mg/L);与原始淤泥自然沉降过程相比（底泥高度17.14 cm、含水率96.8%）,真空预压可实现絮凝调理淤泥脱水减容、底泥平均含水率降至53.5%,使底泥体积进一步压缩20.48%～36.99%;真空预压作用下,絮凝调理淤泥在50 min内达到沉降速率峰值,前120 min内淤泥絮凝效果明显、泥水分离程度占据主导;与原始淤泥真空预压对比,絮凝?真空预压大幅提升淤泥沉降速率、有效缩短峰值对应沉降时间,最优絮凝剂（APAM）底泥沉降速率峰值、淤泥总高度沉降速率峰值对应时间点缩短87.5%和83.33%,峰值速率分别增加3.56倍、5.18倍;添加适量絮凝剂能有效改善淤泥脱水性能,增大泥粒尺寸、防堵促排,加速疏浚淤泥沉降与泥水分离效率。化学絮凝?真空抽滤技术有利于实现疏浚淤泥减量化,显著缩短工期、加快施工进度、减少堆积占地,具有显著的工程应用价值。  相似文献   

溶液中褐藻胶低聚糖在活性炭上的吸附特性与机制研究     

于宇  曹为安 《海洋科学》2020,44(7):216-221

本文研究了不同pH、反应时间、温度、初始糖浓度条件下溶液中褐藻胶低聚糖（AOS）在活性炭上的吸附性能及其吸附动力学和热力学机制。结果表明,溶液pH对活性炭吸附AOS具有重要影响,随pH降低,AOS在活性炭上的吸附增强,pH=1时吸附量可达0.116 g/g。吸附反应在5 min内迅速发生,60 min后达到吸附平衡。活性炭吸附AOS符合准二级吸附动力学过程。吸附热力学研究表明,吸附过程为自发的放热反应,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型。综上,吸附过程为单分子层均相吸附,降低pH、低温有利于AOS在活性炭上的吸附。  相似文献   

黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草对底泥微生物群落的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田家怡  李甲亮  陈印平  李建庆  于祥 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(4)

对黄河三角洲2个米草分布区及2个非米草分布区底泥中微生物生物量进行了测定,结果显示:大米草(S. anglica)分布区底泥中细菌、放线菌、真菌、反硝化细菌、硫酸盐还原细菌总数显著多于非米草分布区,米草的分布促进了底泥中微生物量的增加;互花米草(S. alterniflora)分布区的细菌、真菌总数多于大米草分布区,而其它微生物量则少于大米草分布区.  相似文献   

透射电镜技术在好氧污泥颗粒超微结构研究中的应用     

刘晓云  王琳  林跃梅 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(5):817-820

利用透射电镜观察研究SBR反应器中的好氧污泥颗粒。结果显示,不同成熟度的好氧污泥颗粒呈现不同的超微结构特征:成熟度高的污泥颗粒中细菌的微群落化程度高,细菌密度大,颗粒中富含构成细菌之间及微群落之间连接结构的胞外多聚物。而在成熟度低的污泥颗粒中细菌微群落化程度较低,细菌密度相对较小,构成菌间及微群落之间连接的胞外多聚物结构松散或缺失;以电镜钌红染色技术标记好氧污泥颗粒中的多糖,显示了好氧污泥颗粒中多糖的分布与结构特点,为进一步研究污泥颗粒的形成机制、多糖对污泥颗粒稳定性和沉降性能的作用机理提供了形态学依据。  相似文献   

The potential role of wound-activated volatile release in the chemical defence of the brown alga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dictyota dichotoma</Emphasis>: Blend recognition by marine herbivores     

Theresa Wiesemeier  Mark Hay  Georg Pohnert 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2007,69(3):403-412

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Removal of cyanide from aqueous solutions by plain and metal-impregnated granular activated carbons     

H. Deveci  E.Y. YazıcıI. Alp  T. Uslu 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006

In this study, the removal of free cyanide from aqueous solutions by activated carbon was investigated. Effects of metal impregnation (Cu and Ag), aeration, and concentrations of adsorbent and cyanide on the rate and extent of the removal of cyanide were studied. The results have shown that the capacity of activated carbon for the removal of cyanide can be significantly improved (up to 6.3-fold) via impregnation of activated carbon with metals such as copper and silver. Silver-impregnated activated carbon was found to be the most effective at the reduction of cyanide level in solution. This appeared to be coupled with its comparatively high metal content after impregnation process where silver (5.07%) could be more readily loaded on activated carbon than copper (0.43%). Kinetics and equilibrium data for cyanide removal by plain and metal-impregnated activated carbons were determined to be consistent with the pseudo second-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption isotherms, respectively. Aeration (0.27 l/min) was found to exert a profound effect on the process leading to a 5.5–49.1% enhancement in the performances of plain and metal-impregnated activated carbons. This enhancement could be attributed to the increase in the availability of active sites on activated carbon for adsorption and the catalytic oxidising activity of activated carbon in the presence of oxygen. Practical limiting capacity of plain, copper- and silver-impregnated activated carbons for the removal of cyanide were experimentally determined to be 19.7, 22.4 and 29.6 mg/g, respectively.  相似文献