公交车辆全线运行状态的监督站牌及查询系统     

辛柯俊  张凯  龚莉莉 《南京气象学院学报》2014,6(1):52-57

针对出行者对公交车辆运行信息的需求,基于GPS技术设计了一个动态显示公交车辆位置信息的监督站牌系统,并提供公交位置信息的网络查询服务,方便出行者了解公交车辆的实时运营信息,以及对公交车辆的实时监督.系统以LabVIEW为软件开发平台对数据进行分析与处理,利用ASP.NET进行Web网页开发并与数据库交互,实现公交系统的智能运营和智能服务.通过实际验证,该方案具有可行性、实用性.  相似文献   

Improvement of the semi-Lagrangian advection scheme in the GRAPES model: Theoretical analysis and idealized tests   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

HUANG Bo  CHEN Dehui  LI Xingliang  LI Chao 《大气科学进展》2014,31(3):693-704

ABSTRACT The Global/Regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System （GRAPES） is the newgeneration numerical weather predic- tion （NWP） system developed by the China Meteorological Administration. It is a fully compressible non-hydrostatical global/regional unified model that uses a traditional semi-Lagrangian advection scheme with cubic Lagrangian interpola tion （referred to as the SL_CL scheme）. The SL_CL scheme has been used in many operational NWP models, but there are still some deficiencies, such as the damping effects due to the interpolation and the relatively low accuracy. Based on Reich＇s semi-Lagrangian advection scheme （referred to as the R2007 scheme）, the Re_R2007 scheme that uses the low- and high-order B-spline function for interpolation at the departure point, is developed in this paper. One- and two-dimensional idealized tests in the rectangular coordinate system with uniform grid cells were conducted to compare the Re..R2007 scheme and the SL_CL scheme. The numerical results showed that： （1） the damping effects were remarkably reduced with the Re_R2007 scheme; and （2） the normalized errors of the Re_R2007 scheme were about 7.5 and 3 times smaller than those of the SL_CL scheme in one- and two-dimensional tests, respectively, indicating the higher accuracy of the Re..R2007 scheme. Furthermore, two solid-body rotation tests were conducted in the latitude-longitude spherical coordinate system with non uniform grid cells, which also verified the Re_R2007 scheme＇s advantages. Finally, in comparison with other global advection schemes, the Re_R2007 scheme was competitive in terms of accuracy and flow independence. An encouraging possibility for the application of the Re_R2007 scheme to the GRAPES model is provided.  相似文献   

长江经济带主要城市群2h出行交通圈格局特征     

汪德根  范子祺  赵美风 《地理研究》2022,41(5):1388-1406

城市群作为城镇化高级阶段区域社会经济发展和参与国际竞争的主要空间载体,良好的交通通达性是其高质量发展的必要条件。以《交通强国建设纲要》提出的城市群2h通达目标为研究视角,以长江经济带3个国家级城市群为研究对象,选取加权平均出行时间作为测度指标并引入场强和引力模型,对比分析3个城市群所有城市与中心城市两个层级2h出行交通圈格局特征。研究发现：① 3个城市群出行交通圈均表现为从中心向外围地区呈现出由低到高连续扩大的“圈层式”空间格局特征,且长三角和成渝城市群分别形成了“>”字型和“十”字型2h出行廊道,但长江中游城市群尚未形成2h出行廊道。② 城市群中心城市2h出行交通圈的空间分布受区位条件影响较大,越接近区域几何中心则2h出行交通圈覆盖范围越大,而影响腹地受中心城市综合规模的作用明显,3个城市群各中心城市2h出行交通圈和影响腹地的空间分异显著。③ 不同城市群中心城市2h出行交通圈衔接联系水平差异显著,表现出多元的圈层叠加的经济联系格局。④ 高密度高速公路路网在提高城市群中心城市2h出行交通圈衔接联系水平中发挥重要作用,按衔接联系模式特征可将各城市群总结为多中心网络型、多中心组团型与双中心轴辐型。  相似文献   

时空间行为视角下交通与社会排斥研究进展     

黄晓燕  曹小曙 《地理科学进展》2022,41(1):107-117

新型城镇化背景下,建设具有包容性和公平正义的城市,成为社会可持续发展的重要内容。交通相关的社会排斥研究主要包括理论研究、社会空间分析、交通与社会排斥的比较研究等,形成了基于空间和基于人群的2种研究范式。但关于不同地理环境和不同社会群体的交通与社会排斥研究,仍然缺乏对空间与行为互动的内在因果关系的有效论证,迫切需要从地理空间和不同社会群体的时空间行为入手,厘清交通与社会排斥的概念内涵和作用机理。论文梳理了交通与社会排斥的概念内涵、研究范式与测度方法,重点从时空间行为视角阐述了交通维度的社会排斥研究的内在逻辑和实证结果,并结合中国实际,试图构建时空间和行为互动的交通与社会排斥研究框架,为消除交通维度的社会排斥障碍、建构多尺度社会融合路径、建设更为包容和公平正义的城市提供实践基础和理论支持。  相似文献   

粤港澳大湾区水路客运网络特征     

宋旭妍  彭甜甜  张高军 《热带地理》2022,42(2):247-255

以粤港澳大湾区水路客运班线为数据来源,运用复杂网络分析方法,分析水路客运网络的基本特征,评估其小世界特性与无标度特征,分析各节点的重要性,测试其鲁棒性与脆弱性,结果发现：1）大湾区水路客运网络基本健全,节点之间能够自由流动,但网络的层级单一,可达性较低的节点占据多数;2）大湾区水路客运网络具有部分小世界网络特性和无标度特性,节点分布呈现马太效应;3）深圳蛇口港在复杂网络中的综合重要性最为突出,比较重要的节点还有香港中港码头、香港国际机场、珠海九州港、澳门外港;4）大湾区南部的水路客运网络相比北部发达,东部比西部发达,空间发展不均衡;5）大湾区水路客运网络具有鲁棒性,生存能力较强,但网络发育不够完善,稳定性较差,难以经受蓄意攻击。整体上,大湾区水路客运网络还有较大的优化提升空间,应加大核心节点保障能力,增强边缘节点的连通性,提升大湾区北部的水路客运能力。  相似文献   

交通运输最短路径分析系统的设计与实现     

张晓楠  任志国  曹一冰 《测绘工程》2014,(1):25-30

针对目前交通运输效力发挥不足的问题,研究道路网络模型构建和道路数据库设计,探讨分析交通运输最短路径分析流程,基于Dijkstra算法的基本原理,设计实现交通运输最短路径分析系统,从而优化运输资源配置,实现高质高效的交通运输。  相似文献   

Calibration and use of continuous heat-type automated seepage meters for submarine groundwater discharge measurements     

B.M. Mwashote  W.C. Burnett  J. Chanton  I.R. Santos  N. Dimova  P.W. Swarzenski 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) assessments were conducted both in the laboratory and at a field site in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, using a continuous heat-type automated seepage meter (seepmeter). The functioning of the seepmeter is based on measurements of a temperature gradient in the water between downstream and upstream positions in its flow pipe. The device has the potential of providing long-term, high-resolution measurements of SGD. Using a simple inexpensive laboratory set-up, we have shown that connecting an extension cable to the seepmeter has a negligible effect on its measuring capability. Similarly, the observed influence of very low temperature (≤3 °C) on seepmeter measurements can be accounted for by conducting calibrations at such temperatures prior to field deployments. Compared to manual volumetric measurements, calibration experiments showed that at higher water flow rates (>28 cm day⁻¹ or cm³ cm⁻² day⁻¹) an analog flowmeter overestimated flow rates by ≥7%. This was apparently due to flow resistance, turbulence and formation of air bubbles in the seepmeter water flow tubes. Salinity had no significant effect on the performance of the seepmeter. Calibration results from fresh water and sea water showed close agreement at a 95% confidence level significance between the data sets from the two media (R² = 0.98). Comparatively, the seepmeter SGD measurements provided data that are comparable to manually-operated seepage meters, the radon geochemical tracer approach, and an electromagnetic (EM) seepage meter.  相似文献   

Peat porewater chloride concentration profiles in the Everglades during wet/dry cycles from January 1996 to June 1998: field measurements and theoretical analysis     

Michael M. Reddy  Micaela B. Reddy  Kenneth L. Kipp  Aaron Burman  Paul Schuster  Peter S. Rawlik Jr. 《水文研究》2008,22(11):1713-1724

Water quality is a key aspect of the Everglades Restoration Project, the largest water reclamation and ecosystem management project proposed in the United States. Movement of nutrients and contaminants to and from Everglades peat porewater could have important consequences for Everglades water quality and ecosystem restoration activities. In a study of Everglades porewater, we observed complex, seasonally variable peat porewater chloride concentration profiles at several locations. Analyses and interpretation of these changing peat porewater chloride concentration profiles identifies processes controlling conservative solute movement at the peat–surface water interface, that is, solutes whose transport is minimally affected by chemical and biological reactions. We examine, with an advection–diffusion model, how alternating wet and dry climatic conditions in the Florida Everglades mediate movement of chloride between peat porewater and marsh surface water. Changing surface water–chloride concentrations alter gradients at the interface between peat and overlying water and hence alter chloride flux across that interface. Surface water chloride concentrations at two frequently monitored sites vary with marsh water depth, and a transfer function was developed to describe daily marsh surface water chloride concentration as a function of marsh water depth. Model results demonstrate that porewater chloride concentrations are driven by changing surface water chloride concentrations, and a sensitivity analysis suggests that inclusion of advective transport in the model improves the agreement between the calculated and the observed chloride concentration profiles. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

广东省公路交通网络分形空间特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

冯永玖  刘妙龙  童小华 《地球信息科学学报》2008,10(1):26-33

基于分形理论,以GIS技术为支撑,利用回转半径法测算了广东省全域及其所辖21个地级市公路交通网络半径维数D_L、分枝维数D_b和对应相关系数R²。依据广东省公路交通网络的特点,将其辖区分为四个子区域:珠三角、东部沿海、西部沿海和粤北地区,分析其半径维数和分枝维数的空间分布特征。研究表明,珠三角地区为广东省公路交通网络密度最大、结构最复杂、功能最完善、连通性最优的区域;以珠三角为中心,广东省公路交通网络分形半径维数和分枝维数随距离增大而衰减,沿海衰减程度微弱,粤北衰减程度较大。结果显示,半径维数和分枝维数结合能够更为合理系统地分析交通网络分形特征的时空差异特性。  相似文献   

Potential seismic landslide hazard and engineering effect in the Ya’an-Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor,China     

《China Geology》2023,6(2):228-240

The Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor is located at the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the complex topography and geological conditions, developed geo-hazards have severely restricted the planning and construction of major projects. For the long-term prevention and early control of regional seismic landslides, based on analyzing seismic landslide characteristics, the Newmark model was used to carry out the potential seismic landslide hazard assessment with a 50-year beyond probability 10%. The results show that the high seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed along large active tectonic belts and deep-cut river canyons, and are significantly affected by the active tectonics. The low seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed in the flat terrain such as the Quaternary basins, broad river valleys, and plateau planation planes. The major east-west linear projects mainly pass through five areas with high seismic landslide hazard: Luding-Kangding section, Yajiang-Xinlong (Yalong river) section, Batang-Baiyu (Jinsha river) section, Basu (Nujiang river) section, and Bomi-Linzhi (eastern Himalaya syntaxis) section. The seismic action of the Bomi-Linzhi section can also induce high-risk geo-hazard chains such as the high-level glacial lake breaks and glacial debris flows. The early prevention of seismic landslides should be strengthened in the areas with high seismic landslide hazard.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献