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41.
The Spanish market for canned fish is one of the biggest in the world. It is still largely supplied by a robust national industry which has survived globalisation when all other European countries failed to preserve their two-century old industry. What is so special about this relationship between Spanish consumers and canned fish? This research analyses the nature of the demand for canned fish, and particularly canned tuna, a rather inexpensive and storable food product, to show how Spanish households are sensitive to price and income changes. The price and expenditure elasticities are estimated through a time-based Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model. A Johansen’s multivariate time-series analysis was developed through a vector error correction model, the misspecification tests supporting the use of this model. The empirical analysis found that the Spanish demand for canned fish in Spain is rather price inelastic, whatever the species, but substitutability is found between the different canned fish products. The results also demonstrate that canned tuna over-reacts positively to expenditure changes compared to other fish species, presenting a nature of luxury good compared to other canned fish products.  相似文献   
42.
Two methods for determining reactive phosphorus were compared, using a variety of New Zealand fresh waters, some containing arsenic. The method which eliminated arsenic interference was found to be better, but suffered the disadvantage that high reagent turbidity required the use of solvent extraction when reactive phosphorus concentrations were low.  相似文献   
43.
Since the 17th century, the Tonnarella of Camogli, a small tuna trap, has been used to catch pelagic fish along the western coast of the Portofino Promontory (Ligurian Sea, Northwestern Mediterranean). The availability of long‐term datasets on fish yields (1950–1974 and 1996–2011), with information related to the seawater temperatures and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), has allowed us to study the qualitative and quantitative changes in fish yields in the last decade and the possible relationships with the seasonal anomalies of temperature that have occurred in the Ligurian Sea. In 1950–1974, yields remained relatively constant over time (average of 35.6 ± 8.7 t·year?1). From 1996 through 2011, yields were high (42.9 ± 15.9 t·year?1) but inconsistent with strong annual variability in catches. The primary catches are Seriola dumerili, Auxis rochei, Trachurus spp. and Sarda sarda. Changes in species composition have occurred as well: S. dumerili, Sardinella sp. and Belone belone have appeared recently. Moreover, a significant decrease in the boreal scombroid (Scomber scombrus) and an increase of warm‐temperate carangids and other typically Southern Mediterranean species such as Coryphaena hippurus and Sphyraena viridensis, appear to be linked to the warming of the surface water layer, particularly evident in the Ligurian Sea, for the last 10 years. The analysis of this kind of trend may be a powerful tool for assessing structural changes of the pelagic fish community in the Ligurian Sea (Northwestern Mediterranean).  相似文献   
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根据2001年6—10月在大西洋中部金枪鱼延绳钓渔场现场调查所得到的大眼金枪鱼的叉长、原条鱼重和净重的数据,应用回归的方法分别对大眼金枪鱼的叉长与净重的关系、叉长与原条鱼重的关系、原条鱼重与净重的关系进行了研究。结果表明(1)不分性别、雄性、雌性的大眼金枪鱼净重(DW,DWM,DWF,kg)与叉长(FL,FLM,FLF,cm)的关系分别为DW=1.5286×10-5FL3.0192、DWM=1.6102×10-5FLM3.0098和DWF=1.4998×10-5FLF3.0205;(2)不分性别、雄性、雌性的大眼金枪鱼原条鱼重(RW,RWM,RWF,kg)与叉长的关系分别为RW=2.6472×10-5FL2.9400、RWM=2.8164×10-5FLM2.9275和RWF=2.2590×10-5FLF2.9724。在叉长相同的情况下,用本文中的RW-FL换算公式所得出的RW要比用Parks1981年的适用于整个大西洋的换算公式1)所得出RW略轻;(3)不分性别、雄性、雌性的大眼金枪鱼原条鱼重与净重的关系分别为RW=1.1623DW、RWM=1.1546DWM和RWF=1.1840DWF。本文中得出的RW与DW的换算系数要比ICCAT建议使用的系数略大。  相似文献   
46.
印度洋金枪鱼渔业现状   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
报道了印度洋海域金枪鱼渔业近十年的生产概况,结果显示,印度洋金枪鱼渔业从业国家和地区已达40个,从业国家(地区)中以欧共体、印度尼西亚、印度、伊朗、斯里兰卡、中国台湾、马尔代夫等所占份额较高,以2000年计占当年印度洋金枪鱼渔业总产量的68.17%。产量140万吨,以金枪鱼类所占份额最高.主要金枪鱼渔获种类依次为鲣、黄鳍金枪鱼和大眼金枪鱼,主要渔业方式为金枪鱼围网、刺网及延绳钓。中国在印度洋海域金枪鱼渔业中年占份额较小,捕捞产量从1995年的444吨逐渐上升到2000年的6408吨。  相似文献   
47.
报道中国水产总公司金枪鱼船队1997年5月至1999年5月期间在印度洋东部海域进行延绳钓作业的有关情况。结果显示船均月产量,以尾数计在49~175尾之间波动,最高出现于1998年9月,最低出现于1997年5月,平均116尾/船  相似文献   
48.
大西洋大眼金枪鱼渔业概况   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
大西洋大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)是高经济价值鱼种,其分布几乎覆盖整个大西洋水域。研究大西洋大眼金枪鱼的渔业对于我国远洋渔业意义重大。所以在此对其渔业及资源状况进行研究。根据三种主要渔业(延绳钓、围网和竿钓)的渔获量,可看出大眼金枪鱼渔业的发展概况。为了分析资源状况,文中使用了Waltirs and Hilborn(1976)产量模型。其结果是99.6千公吨的最大持续产量和114.7  相似文献   
49.
金枪鱼体型庞大,游泳速度快,是海洋中的顶级捕食者,且具有很高的营养价值和经济价值,对全球渔业具有重要意义。由于具备独特的温血能力、发达的视觉系统、较高的基础代谢率,金枪鱼拥有特殊的生活习性和热生态位。为此,本文从温血产热机制、逆流热交换血管网、心脏耐寒性能、视觉系统和生长模式等5个方面对金枪鱼相关的生理学研究现状进行了综述。在此基础上,本文讨论了金枪鱼生理特征与环境适应性、热生态位和营养生态位之间的密切联系。最后,本文提出了金枪鱼生物信息学研究的建议和需要进一步考虑的问题。  相似文献   
50.
Planning the use of fish for food security in the Pacific   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Fish is a mainstay of food security for Pacific island countries and territories (PICTs). Recent household income and expenditure surveys, and socio-economic surveys, demonstrate that subsistence fishing still provides the great majority of dietary animal protein in the region. Forecasts of the fish required in 2030 to meet recommended per capita fish consumption, or to maintain current consumption, indicate that even well-managed coastal fisheries will only be able to meet the demand in 6 of 22 PICTs. Governments of many PICTs will need to increase local access to tuna, and develop small-pond aquaculture, to provide food security. Diversifying the supply of fish will also make rural households in the Pacific more resilient to natural disasters, social and political instability, and the uncertainty of climate change.  相似文献   
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