番禺低隆起—白云凹陷北坡第三系储层次生孔隙形成机理分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

郝乐伟  王琪  廖朋  唐俊  张功成 《沉积学报》2011,29(4):734-743

根据砂岩薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜的分析,研究区内发育大量的粒间和粒内溶蚀孔。在大量实测物性参数统计分析的基础上,发现了白云凹陷第三系储层存在两个次生孔隙发育带,主要分布在2 750～3 500 m和4 100～4 600 m两个深度段。通过同位素示踪的方法,证实了形成次生孔隙的原因主要是有机质成熟时释放的有机酸和成岩过...  相似文献   

河流层序地层学研究现状与存在的问题     

胡光明  倪超  王军  赵文栋 《地质科技情报》2011,30(6):55-59

河流层序地层学为河流沉积学研究注入了活力,但已有的河流层序地层模式还存在不少问题.在回顾已有河流层序地层模式的基础上,从河流层序的主控因素、层序内部的等时对比和体系域特征的描述3个方面分析了已有模式中存在的问题,并提出从河流阶地的成因入手分析河流层序的主控因素,基于河流形成过程划分体系域和进行等时对比,并从砂泥比、砂地...  相似文献   

包兰二线铁路某段硫酸盐渍土的盐胀特性及其病害防治   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱芝同  李国民 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(3):84-88

该路段地表硫酸盐渍土的形成与其地形地貌、气候、工程地质和水文地质条件有关.硫酸钠含量、含水量和温度是产生盐胀的主要因素.防治该段路基盐胀病害,应针对这些条件和因素,综合选用提高路基、设置隔断层、换填垫层、设置地面隔热层或化学处置等方法.  相似文献   

用知识管理带动勘察设计企业的信息化     

刘霁  王辉  谢卫 《中国勘察设计》2011,(3):72-75

本文遵循理论与实际相结合的指导思想,从知识管理的理论出发,围绕勘察设计企业的知识管理现状,分析勘察设计企业建设知识管理系统的必要性、阐述勘察设计企业知识管理的关键环节,提出建立勘察设计企业协同设计和知识管理为核心的综合管理信息系统方案。  相似文献   

广西大厂巴里碳酸盐型尾矿的酸化特征及机理   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

雷良奇  宋慈安  谢襄漓  李艳红  王飞 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(1):141-149

以一个堆放近20年的碳酸盐型尾矿的垂向剖面作为研究对象,采用综合地质-地球化学分析方法,包括尾矿组构及组分分析、X衍射分析以及Sobek-ABA估算和NAG测试等,探讨这类尾矿酸化的地质-地球化学特征及酸化作用机理,获得如下认识:①该尾矿剖面由下至上,随着氧化程度的增强,其酸化作用也逐步增强,呈现出明显的层带结构,即下部C层(还原带及原生带)为未蚀变松散尾砂,中部B层(次氧化带及碱缓冲带)为蚀变松散尾砂层,上部A层(氧化带及酸化带)呈厚约100～150cm的板结硬化层;在A层与B层之间形成一个酸化-碱缓冲界面;而氧化-还原界面则较低,位于B层底部接近C层顶部位置。②碱缓冲作用发生在B层内,方解石为碱质的主要来源。③该尾矿的酸中和有效率约为80%,这可能归因于尾矿酸化所产生的次生纤铁矿、石膏等包裹残余方解石,阻断了中和反应的进行。因此,即便是富含碱性碳酸盐的金属硫化物矿尾矿仍然存在酸化污染的可能性。  相似文献   

硅藻土、石英砂和钾离子促进微生物转化酸性矿山废水中亚铁成次生矿物的研究     

王敏  周立祥 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(6):1031-1038

嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)能够在低pH值条件下,迅速将Fe2+氧化并产生大量次生羟基硫酸铁沉淀,从而除去水中可溶性Fe2+。这为富含Fe2+的酸性矿山废水(acid mine drainage,AMD)处理提供了新的思路。本文从晶种刺激和阳离子诱导两个方面,分别研究了固定化载体(硅藻土、石英砂)和具有强诱导能力的成矾离子(K+)对微生物转化酸性体系中Fe2+成次生矿物的影响。结果表明,3种材料均有明显促进可溶性Fe2+向次生矿物转化的作用,且总铁(TFe)沉淀率与3种材料的添加量呈正相关关系。在起始Fe2+浓度为160mmol/L,硅藻土、石英砂和钾离子最大添加量分别为10 g、10 g和80 mmol/L时,经过72 h反应后,TFe沉淀率分别比对照增加了8%、24%和20%。矿物中的Fe、K和S元素含量与溶液中的起始K+浓度有非常密切的关系,随着K+浓度的增大,矿物中的K和S含量逐渐增加,而Fe含量则相应减少。  相似文献   

Trophic importance of diatoms in an intertidal Zostera noltii seagrass bed: Evidence from stable isotope and fatty acid analyses     

Benoit Lebreton  Pierre Richard  Robert Galois  Gilles Radenac  Camille Pfléger  Gaël Guillou  Françoise Mornet  Gérard F. Blanchard 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

A current predominant paradigm emphasizes the role of epiphytic algae for invertebrates in most seagrass food webs. However, in some intertidal Zostera noltii beds, epiphyte biomass is very low compared to microphytobenthos and seagrass biomasses. We assessed the role of microphytobenthos in a temperate intertidal Z. noltii bed by combining stable isotope and fatty acid (FA) analyses on primary producers, composite sources — suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) and sediment surface organic matter (SSOM) — and the main macrofaunal consumers. Z. noltii showed high δ¹³C (−9.9‰) and high 18:2(n-6) and 18:3(n-3) contents. Microphytobenthos was slightly more ¹³C-depleted (−15.4‰) and had high levels of diatom markers: 14:0, 16:1(n-7)c, 20:5(n-3). Low mean δ¹³C (−22.0‰) and large amounts of diatom and bacteria (18:1(n-7)c) markers indicated that SPOM was mainly composed of a mixture of fresh and decayed pelagic diatoms. Higher mean δ¹³C (−17.9‰) and high amounts of diatom FAs were found in SSOM, showing that microphytobenthic diatoms dominate. Very low percentages of 18:2(n-6) and 18:3(n-3) in consumers indicated a low contribution of Z. noltii material to their diets. Grazers, deposit and suspension-deposit feeders had δ¹³C close to microphytobenthos and high levels of diatom FAs, confirming that microphytobenthos represented the main part of their diet. Lower δ¹³C and higher amounts of flagellate FAs – 22:6(n-3) and 16:4(n-3) – in suspension feeders indicated that their diet resulted from a mixture of SPOM and microphytobenthos. These results demonstrate that invertebrates do not consume high amounts of seagrass and highlight the main role of benthic diatoms in this intertidal seagrass bed.  相似文献   

The response of phytoplankton to iron enrichment in Sub-Antarctic HNLCLSi waters: Results from the SAGE experiment     

Jill Peloquin  Julie HallKarl Safi  Walker O. Smith Jr.Simon Wright  Rick van den Enden 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2011,58(6):808-823

Areas of high nutrients and low chlorophyll a comprise nearly a third of the world’s oceans, including the equatorial Pacific, the Southern Ocean and the Sub-Arctic Pacific. The SOLAS Sea-Air Gas Exchange (SAGE) experiment was conducted in late summer, 2004, off the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. The objective was to assess the response of phytoplankton in waters with low iron and silicic acid concentrations to iron enrichment. We monitored the quantum yield of photochemistry (F_v/F_m) with pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry, chlorophyll a, primary productivity, and taxonomic composition. Measurements of F_v/F_m indicated that the phytoplankton within the amended patch were relieved from iron stress (F_v/F_m approached 0.65). Although there was no significant difference between IN and OUT stations at points during the experiment, the eventual enhancement in chlorophyll a and primary productivity was twofold by the end of the 15-day patch occupation. However, no change in particulate carbon or nitrogen pools was detected. Enhancement in primary productivity and chlorophyll a were approximately equal for all phytoplankton size classes, resulting in a stable phytoplankton size distribution. Initial seed stocks of diatoms were extremely low, <1% of the assemblage based on HPLC pigment analysis, and did not respond to iron enrichment. The most dominant groups before and after iron enrichment were type 8 haptophytes and prasinophytes that were associated with ∼75% of chlorophyll a. Twofold enhancement of biomass estimated by flow cytometry was detected only in eukaryotic picoplankton, likely prasinophytes, type 8 haptophytes and/or pelagophytes. These results suggest that factors other than iron, such as silicic acid, light or physical disturbance limited the phytoplankton assemblage during the SAGE experiment. Furthermore, these results suggest that additional iron supply to the Sub-Antarctic under similar seasonal conditions and seed stock will most likely favor phytoplankton <2 ??m. This implies that any iron-mediated gain of fixed carbon will most likely be remineralized in shallow water rather than sink and be sequestered in the deep ocean.  相似文献   

HPLC法同步检测鲤鱼、对虾中喹乙醇与MQCA残留   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梅景良  吴聪明  程林丽  沈建忠  薛麒  钱民怡  邵梦瑜 《海洋科学》2011,35(11):41-47

建立了一种高效液相色谱法同时检测鲤鱼、对虾肌肉组织中喹乙醇（OLA）及其代谢物3-甲基-喹啉-2-羧酸（MQCA）的残留。采用0.3 mol/L 盐酸提取鲤鱼、对虾中的残留物, C18 固相萃取柱净化, 氮气吹干及流动相定容后, Waters2695 高效液相色谱仪在320 nm（MQCA）和372 nm（QLA）双波...  相似文献   

高古罗糖醛酸含量的萱藻(Scytosiphon lomentarius)多糖细微结构研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴建东  于广利  王培培  赵峡  杨波  台文静 《海洋科学》2011,35(1):40-43

将青岛产幼生和成熟期萱藻(Scytosiphon lomentarius)提取分离得到多糖,经<'1>H-NMR分析,表明其为高古罗糖醛酸含量的褐藻胶,在对其G/M值分析基础上,进一步对其二糖嵌段F<,MM>,F<,MG>,F<,GM>,F<,GG>和三糖嵌段F<,GGG>,F<,GGM>,F<,MGM>,F<,MGG...  相似文献