黄海两种典型硅藻的磷胁迫生理研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王丹  黄春秀  黄邦钦  谷体华  黄秋  柳欣  杨听林 《海洋科学》2008,32(5):22-27

在实验室批次培养条件下,研究黄海两种浮游植物优势种玛氏骨条藻(Skeletonema marinoi)和旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)在低磷条件下的生长特性、环境中不同形态磷浓度的变化以及磷饥饿状态下浮游植物的营养吸收动力学和碱性磷酸酶动力学。结果表明,玛氏骨条藻在磷胁迫情况下可利用自身较高的吸收速率和较小的细胞体积有效摄取环境中的无机磷快速生长并取得优势,而旋链角毛藻在无机磷的利用上并无优势,其比玛氏骨条藻需要更多的细胞颗粒磷去维持细胞活性,而且更容易诱导碱性磷酸酶分解利用有机磷,推测在有机磷丰富的环境下旋链角毛藻会在二者竞争中取得优势。这些生理特性有可能是二者在黄海季节性水华发生过程中大量存在的原因。  相似文献   

Changes of cellular superficial configuration of symbiotic algae during cultivation from two anemones found in the South China Sea     

ZHU Baohua PAN Kehou WANG Guangce 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):89-92

Symbiotic algae from two anemones, Radianthus macrodactylus and Stichodactyla mertensii, found in the South China Sea, were cultivated in ASP-8A medium in this study. Changes of superficial configuration of symbiotic algae during the cultivation were studied by means of a microscope and a scanning electron microscope （SEM）. A number of small cavities appeared on the surfaces of symbiotic algae after they were cultivated for 10 h. The cavities enlarged and the cell contents were lost with extended cultivation. Our data suggested that the presence of cavities on symbiotic algae surfaces may be one of the main reasons for failure to culture symbiotic algae in an artificial medium.  相似文献   

Shore exposure affects mussel population structure and mediates the effect of epibiotic algae on mussel survival in SW Ireland     

Nessa E. O'Connor 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

On rocky shores, the relative importance of abiotic and biotic processes that regulate community structure are thought to vary with levels of shore exposure. This can lead to characteristic features found on sheltered and exposed shores. This study identified differences in the population structure of mussels on exposed and sheltered rocky shores on Atlantic coasts of south-west Ireland. Direct interactions between epibiotic algae and their host mussels were also examined to test if potential effects varied with shore exposure. Mussel beds on sheltered shores were less dense and comprised larger mussels with greater rates of individual survival and growth than those on exposed shores. The results of a field experiment showed that algal epibionts had a negative effect on mussel survival on sheltered shores but not on exposed shores. Surprisingly, the presence of algal epibionts had no effect on mussel growth on either shore type. These findings contrast with those of previous studies. The effects of shore exposure and algal epibionts on mussels may be species-specific and may interact with other factors across different regions. This study shows that predictions of effects of exposure on mussel populations and their epibionts should only be based on specific experimental evidence and cannot be generalised across regions.  相似文献   

Oomycetes and fungi: important parasites on marine algae     

LI Wei  ZHANG Tianyu  TANG Xuexi  WANG Bingyao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(5):74-81

Considering that the field is largely unexplored and its importance to aquaculture, outline of oomycetes and fungi parasiting on marine algae was provided in this paper, including 15 species of oomycetes, six species of chytrids, 31 Ascomycota species and one species of mitosporic fungi. In natrue, both the oomycetes and chytrids frequently occurred and induced prevalences of disease which could destroy the populations of host plants greatly. However, the parasites in Ascomycota on algae have never occurred as epidemics so far. Some issues relating to the field were discussed such as performing tests to satisfy Koch''s postulates, investigations of host specificity, interactions between host and parasite and the potential effects of environmental factors on occurrence of a disease, which are urgent in need of further investigations.  相似文献   

Effects of habitat structure and tidal height on epifaunal assemblages associated with macroalgae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Eva Cacabelos  Celia Olabarria  Mónica Incera  Jesús S. Troncoso 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

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藻类捕光天线系统:结构与功能的统一     

甄张赫  李文军  林瀚智  秦松 《海洋学报》2021,43(2):126-138

藻类是光合自养的水生孢子植物,为了适应水下弱光的特殊生境,藻类捕光天线历经亿万年的进化,形成了特殊的结构与功能.从发现藻类捕光天线的存在到至今的70多年间,其结构解析技术的发展共经历了4个阶段:首先是利用生化及普通光谱技术研究结构组成(1950-1980年);其次是利用X-ray晶体学技术研究局部精细结构(1980年至...  相似文献   

Paleoecology of Late Carboniferous Phylloid Algae in Southern Guizhou, SW China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

GONG Enpu ZHANG Yonglil GUAN Changqing Elias SAMANKASSOU SUN Baoliang 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(4):566-572

Phylloid algae arc important rcef-builders in the late Carboniferous. This paper focuses on the paleoecology of phylloid algae in the Late Carboniferous on well-exposed reefs in Ziyun County, Guizhou Province. Phylloid algae growing closely packed arc attached via holdfast or similar structure to substrate. They were growing in environments such as shallow water, photic zone and below the wave base with medium energy currents. They have a variety of morphological forms, such as single cup-shaped, cabbage-shaped and clustering cup-shaped. The thalli arc of certain tenacity and intensity. In the areas dominated by phylloid algae, other marine orgam＇sms arc relatively scarce. Obviously, phylloid algae arc stronger competitors for living space than other co-occurring organisms.  相似文献   

Early Pliocene Paleoceanography of the Vityaz Fracture Zone, Central Indian Ridge     

M. V. S. GUPTHA Ran adip BANERJEE Lina P. MERGULHAO Priyanka BANERJEE G. PARTHIBAN Manish TEWARI 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(4):614-621

Planktic foraminifera from the calcareous substrate of a ferromanganese crust in the Vityaz Fracture Zone （VFZ）, Central Indian Ridge were studied to reconstruct the early Pliocene paleoceanography of this region. Eleven species of planktic foraminifera were encountered, among them Globorotalia menardii, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Globigerina bulloides and Globigerinoides tuber are prominent. Predominance of N. dutertrei in the top 3 cm of the carbonate substrate is attributed to an influx of fresh water which eventually triggered their productivity by increasing the nutrient level. The presence of G. bulloides and G. menardii in significant proportions in deeper layers suggests the prevalence of open ocean upwelling. The bulk chemical compositions of the substrate at different depth intervals indicates higher enrichment of trace metals in the upper sections which could have been supplied through oceanic water by the chemical weathering of terrestrial matter during the peak of Pliocene Asian monsoon. Thus, it is concluded that during the early Pliocene the biogenic components of the substrate were distinctly contributed by both upwelling and productivity triggered by an influx of fresh water originating from the intensification of the Asian monsoon during the early Pliocene Period.  相似文献   

条斑紫菜栽培过程中有害藻类的分离与鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

杜艺菲  王广策  牛建峰  冯泽中  王旭雷  卓锦涛  邵之卓  郇丽  宫相忠 《海洋科学》2023,47(6):70-78

针对条斑紫菜栽培过程中出现的有害藻类问题,进行了叶状体和丝状体有害藻类分离与鉴定等相关研究。通过形态学分析和分子生物学鉴定,发现叶状体中的杂藻主要有大型绿藻(浒苔、曲浒苔)、大型红藻(红毛菜)以及微型绿藻和硅藻,丝状体中的杂藻主要为褐藻、微型绿藻和硅藻。针对部分微型杂藻进行了抑制剂处理实验,结果表明低浓度的抗生素可以有效抑制部分硅藻和绿藻的生长,二氧化锗对硅藻生长具有显著的抑制效果。研究结果为系统、全面认识条斑紫菜栽培过程中的有害藻类提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

流式影像仪在东海海域甲藻藻华研究中的应用     

胡晓坤  赵越  孔凡洲  张清春  严冰  于仁成 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(2):330-339

有害藻华对海水养殖、人类健康和生态安全构成威胁,已成为全球性的生态灾害.近20年来,米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)、东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)等甲藻形成的有害藻华在东海海域连年暴发,其频率高、危害大,形成及演变机理复杂,对藻华原因种进行监测是开展有害藻华预警和防控的...  相似文献