河蚬壳体不同断面碳、氧同位素研究     

闫慧  李心清  周会 《沉积学报》2008,26(3):513-517

生物壳体碳酸盐的稳定氧、碳同位素已经被广泛地应用在古气候、古环境研究中,在生物壳体就位分析中,壳体不同断面上同位素的差异将影响对壳体同位素所指示的环境意义的判断,从而对利用其提取气候环境信息造成不利影响。本文对河蚬壳体不同断面碳氧同位素进行了研究,结果表明:河蚬壳体碳同位素变化序列在不同断面上不存在显著差异,因此在做碳同位素时间序列研究时可以不考虑不同断面差异的问题,在取样过程中可以通过延长取样的长度来获得足够量的样品进行碳同位素的测定;而氧同位素变化序列在不同断面上存在差异,因此在进行壳体就位分析研究时,选取不同断面上氧同位素变化序列对研究结果影响较大,存在壳体断面选择的问题,而在取样过程中取样的长度应控制在一定范围内,避免同一生长环上距离较远位置粉末的混合。文中最后根据壳体不同断面同位素差异确定了在壳体就位分析中如何选取研究断面。  相似文献   

基于FDR原理的冻土测量方法     

陈海波  李鹏  李翠娜  师丽魁  谢婷婷  余国河 《气象科技》2018,46(6):1081-1086

在我国地面气象观测中,冻土的自动观测一直未能实现,为了解决这一问题,本文基于频域反射(Frequency Domain Reflectometry,FDR)测量原理,通过测量土壤介电常数变化实现冻土测量的方法,设计了一种基于平面电容传感器分层检测冻土的传感器,土壤冻结时,其内部水分会相变为冰,水的介电常数远大于冰,利用水冻结相变后引起介电常数急剧变化的特性,建立了基于土壤介电常数、地温反演冻土的数学模型,并进行了典型土壤实验室冻结试验及外场对比观测试验,结果表明:冻土传感器能正确分辨土壤冻结状态,测量数据与人工观测趋势一致,相关系数可达0.99以上,平均测量误差小于3cm,基于介电特性的冻土传感器可以准确连续测量土壤的冻结深度及其生消变化。  相似文献   

Laboratory investigations of the thermal strain of frozen soils, using fiber-optic strain gauges based on Bragg gratings     

Aleksey Marchenko  Nicolai Vasiliev  Artem Nesterov  Yuri Kondrashov  Nikolay Belyaev 《寒旱区科学》2017,9(3):192-196

Measurements of the thermal deformations of frozen soil samples were performed in the cold laboratory in temperature range from 0°C to-12°C.Fiber Bragg Gratings strain and temperature sensors were used to measure the deformation and temperature inside the samples.A number of tests with the samples prepared from Kaolin and Cambrian clay saturated with fresh water,and prepared from fine and silt sand saturated with fresh or saline water,are performed.Thermal deformations of the samples are analyzed depending on the cyclic changes of their temperature.  相似文献   

Deep structure of the Amur lithospheric Plate border zone     

Yu. F. Malyshev  V. Ya. Podgornyi  B. F. Shevchenko  N. P. Romanovskii  V. B. Kaplun  P. Yu. Gornov 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2007,1(2):107-119

Based on the study of the deep Amur Plate border structure, seismogravimetric (density) and geoelectric sections of the plate lithosphere crossing geologically and seismically defined plate boundaries are compiled to construct a three-dimensional model of its lithosphere. The model demonstrates the almost ring structure of the plate with its inner part dipping for 50 km and uplifted fringing. The plate boundary zone consists of orogenic belts (Mongol-Okhotsk, Selenga-Stanovoi, Transbaikal, and Sikhote-Alin) and margins of the Siberian and North China platforms. The plate boundaries are described by mantle diapirism models with a largely bilateral inclined dip of its bordering belts.  相似文献   

冻土力学发展的新领域——深土冻土力学     

黄家会  崔广心 《冰川冻土》1999,21(4):336-338

Based on the practice of artificial freezing engineering in deep alluvium and simulation tests, it is found that there exists an obvious difference between frozen soil mechanics for shallow alluvium and for deep alluvium. The concept of frozen soil mechanics for deep alluvium, its research topics and methods are presented in this paper.  相似文献   

Crustal structure of the Alpine–Pannonian transition zone: a combined seismic and gravity study     

P. Szafián  G. Tari  F. Horváth  S. Cloetingh 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1999,88(1):98-110

 The crustal structure of the transition zone between the Eastern Alps and the western part of the Pannonian depression (Danube basin) is traditionally interpreted in terms of subvertical Tertiary strike-slip and normal faults separating different Alpine tectonic units. Reevaluation of approximately 4000-km-long hydrocarbon exploration reflection seismic sections and a few deep seismic profiles, together with data from approximately 300 wells, suggests a different structural model. It implies that extensional collapse of the Alpine orogene in the Middle Miocene was controlled by listric normal faults, which usually crosscut Alpine nappes at shallow levels, but at depth merge with overthrust planes separating the different Alpine units. The alternative structural model was tested along a transect across the Danube basin by gravity model calculations, and the results show that the model of low-angle extensional faulting is indeed viable. Regarding the whole lithosphere of the western Pannonian basin, gravity modelling indicates a remarkable asymmetry in the thickness minima of the attenuated crust and upper mantle. The approximately 160 km lateral offset between the two minima suggests that during the Miocene extension of the Pannonian basin detachment of the upper crust from the mantle lithosphere took place along a rheologically weak lower crust. Received: 13 July 1998 / Accepted: 18 March 1999  相似文献   

荧光淬灭剂TrueBlack Lipofuscin对珊瑚自体荧光的消除及其在免疫荧光标记中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

赖庆娜  王路  陈建明 《应用海洋学学报》2023,42(3):426-433

自体荧光是生物体内部组织成分在吸收光时自然发出的荧光,会影响人工标记荧光的有效识别,严重干扰对抗体标记的目的蛋白荧光的观察及数据分析,在珊瑚冰冻切片免疫荧光标记研究中尤为突显。为更有效地去除珊瑚组织切片中的自体荧光,本研究以共生模式种花伞软珊瑚（Xenia sp.）为研究对象,首次尝试在花伞软珊瑚冰冻切片免疫荧光染色中,使用一种在小鼠和人体组织切片中常用的TrueBlack Lipofuscin自体荧光淬灭剂,并与已有研究中的酒精梯度脱水法进行比较。结果表明,使用荧光淬灭剂TrueBlack Lipofuscin后,花伞软珊瑚组织切片中的自体荧光强度是传统的酒精梯度脱水法的52.4%,且在Cy5通道下效果最佳。同时,通过珊瑚免疫荧光标记实验表明使用TrueBlack Lipofuscin的实验组特异性荧光信号强度为对照组的205.3%,背景荧光和自体荧光基本去除。  相似文献   

水工地下大洞径断面开挖轮廓线监理检测     

余志贵 《北京测绘》2010,(4):79-81

隧洞断面开挖放样是直接为施工服务的,而检测工作是监理人员必须的工作。监理人员结合测量仪器和计算工具,依据具体的施工图纸进行隧洞断面开挖检测验收,检查开挖断面尺寸,核定超挖部分回填混凝土量。本文就海原县石峡口水库水工建筑物地下大洞径隧洞断面开挖后的检测计算方法作了论述,找出了解决该问题的办法,希望为类似工程监理及施工工作起到抛砖引玉的作用。  相似文献   

The Impact of Soil Freezing/Thawing Processes on Water and Energy Balances     

ZHANG Xi  SUN Shufen 《大气科学进展》2011,28(1):169-177

A frozen soil parameterization coupling of thermal and hydrological processes is used to investigate how frozen soil processes affect water and energy balances in seasonal frozen soil. Simulation results of soil liquid water content and temperature using soil model with and without the inclusion of freezing and thawing processes are evaluated against observations at the Rosemount field station. By comparing the simulated water and heat fluxes of the two cases, the role of phase change processes in the water and energy balances is analyzed. Soil freezing induces upward water flow towards the freezing front and increases soil water content in the upper soil layer. In particular, soil ice obviously prevents and delays the infiltration during rain at Rosemount. In addition, soil freezingthawing processes alter the partitioning of surface energy fluxes and lead the soil to release more sensible heat into the atmosphere during freezing periods.  相似文献   

新疆伊犁地区季节冻土沿海拔的分布规律及其影响因素     

郝建盛  张飞云  黄法融  李兰海 《冰川冻土》2020,42(4):1179-1185

基于2000 - 2014年新疆伊犁地区不同海拔区域观测的冻融期内的冻土、 积雪和气象数据, 应用相关性分析和回归分析方法, 分析该地区季节冻土沿海拔的分布规律, 以及气温、 积雪对季节冻土特征的影响。结果表明： 伊犁地区表层土壤存在着每年11月份开始结冻, 于次年4月份完全融化的周期性变化。每个周期内土壤冻结时长随海拔以4 d·（100m）^-1的趋势增加, 土壤最大冻结深度随海拔以3.9 cm·（100m）^-1的趋势增加。土壤冻结时长与冻结期的平均气温具有显著负相关关系, 相关系数为-0.98（P<0.05）。土壤冻结日数与积雪覆盖历时呈正相关关系, 土壤的最大冻结深度与最大雪深呈负相关关系。随着海拔升高, 温度递减, 导致伊犁地区土壤最大冻结深度和土壤冻结日数整体呈现增加趋势。但在海拔相对较高的地区, 由于相对较厚积雪的影响, 出现土壤最大冻结深度随海拔升高而减小的反常现象。研究结果可为新疆伊犁地区季节冻土的分布对气候变化的响应研究提供支持, 帮助研究区域生态规划和水资源管理, 为农业发展制定适应气候变化对策。  相似文献