基于暗原色的航空遥感影像薄雾去除与改进     

赵桂华  邹晓亮  戴晨光  方勇  陈虹  万欢 《测绘科学》2013,38(1):29-32

本文对航空遥感影像的薄雾进行了研究,根据雾图像成像模型和基于暗原色先验知识,结合图像对比度的自适应调整,提出了一种对航空遥感影像薄雾去除的改进算法。采用数字航空相机DSS439获取的不同地物特征类型的应急遥感影像进行去雾实验,并对实验结果进行分析、比较与评价,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。  相似文献   

Monthly Variations of Atmospheric Circulations Associated with Haze Pollution in the Yangtze River Delta and North China     

Xinyu ZHANG  Zhicong YIN  Huijun WANG  Mingkeng DUAN 《大气科学进展》2021,38(4):569-580

Haze pollution in early winter(December and January) in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) and in North China(NC)are both severe;however, their monthly variations are significantly different. In this study, the dominant large-scale atmospheric circulations and local meteorological conditions were investigated and compared over the YRD and NC in each month. Results showed that the YRD(NC) is dominated by the so-called Scandinavia(East Atlantic/West Russia)pattern in December, and these circulations weaken in January. The East Asian December and January monsoons over the YRD and NC have negative correlations with the number of haze days. The local descending motion facilitates less removal of haze pollution over the YRD, while the local ascending motion facilitates less removal of haze pollution over NC in January, despite a weaker relationship in December. Additionally, the monthly variations of atmospheric circulations showed that adverse meteorological conditions restrict the vertical(horizontal) dispersion of haze pollution in December(January) over the YRD, while the associated local weather conditions are similar in these two months over NC.  相似文献   

1960—2009年广西霾日时空变化特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

廖国莲  曾鹏  郑凤琴  韦玉洁 《应用气象学报》2011,22(6):732-739

利用1960—2009年广西80个地面观测站资料,运用EOF、线性倾向估计等统计方法,分析了近50年广西霾日数的时空变化特征。结果表明:近50年广西霾日数总体呈上升趋势,与该地区人类活动和经济发展引起的污染排放增长密切相关;空间分布呈现出主要城市及其周边地区霾日多,边远地区及沿海地区霾日少的特点;广西霾天气主要发生在秋、冬季,以轻微霾 (能见度为5~10 km) 为主,且霾天气发生时的相对湿度8成以上介于70%~90%;除了空气污染之外,近50年风速呈下降趋势可能也导致更多的霾天气。  相似文献   

改进HOT的高分影像自动去薄云算法     

刘泽树  陈甫  刘建波  孙业超 《地理与地理信息科学》2015,31(1)

为了有效去除薄云对高分光学影像造成的干扰,解决传统算法自动化程度低、去薄云效果不理想的问题,提出改进的薄云最优化变换(Improved Haze-Optimized Transformation,IHOT)算法。首先采用暗原色先验知识从薄云影像中自动选取晴空区,运用薄云最优化变换检测薄云,再创新性地利用植被区域云检测精度较高的特点改进检测结果,最终使用虚拟云点法进行薄云去除。利用高分一号影像进行实验,证明该文提出的算法能够有效地去除薄云对高分影像的影响,尤其对人造地物的色彩和纹理信息恢复效果优于传统算法。  相似文献   

1961- 2005 年中国霾日气候特征及变化分析   总被引：37，自引：1，他引：36  

高歌 《地理学报》2008,63(7):761-768

利用1961-2005 年中国霾日统计资料, 对中国霾的时空气候分布特征、变化趋势进行了详细分析, 并探讨了霾变化的可能原因及其与太阳总辐射、日照时数变化的关系。结果表明: 近45 年来, 中国年和四季霾日的空间分布特征均呈现东多西少的空间分布态势, 东部地区集中在三个多发区, 分别为长江中下游、华北和华南; 季节变化, 除东北地区、青藏高原、西北西部四季霾日均很少且变化不明显外, 其余大部分地区均呈现为冬季多, 夏季少, 春秋 季居中的特点。近45 年, 全国平均年霾日数呈现明显的增加趋势, 2004 年为最高值。我国东部大部地区主要呈现增加趋势, 尤其霾多发地区, 如长江中下游、珠江流域及河南西部等 地, 霾日增加幅度大, 趋势显著, 人类活动造成的大气污染物增加及天气气候变化是这些地区霾日呈现增加趋势的可能原因, 我国西部地区和东北大部地区则以减少趋势为主。华北、长江中下游地区、华南地区霾日变化趋势与日照时数变化趋势相反, 霾的增加是造成太阳总 辐射减少的主要原因之一。东北地区、西北地区、西南地区、青藏高原霾日变化和日照时数变化均呈现不明显的减少趋势, 但由于这些地区霾日发生少, 其变化不会对日照时数和太阳总辐射变化造成很大的影响。  相似文献   

Simulation of equatorial wind field patterns with TAPM during the 1997 haze episode in Peninsular Malaysia     

Mastura Mahmud 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2009,30(3):312-326

The large‐scale forest fires that occurred during the major El Niño event in 1997 can be counted among the worst environmental disasters in Southeast Asia. This study investigates atmospheric mesoscale features over Sumatra and the Klang Valley in Peninsular Malaysia during the resultant haze episode of September 1997 utilizing a limited area mesoscale three‐dimensional meteorological and dispersion model, The Air Pollution Model (TAPM). Mesoscale features that would not be highlighted by global numerical prediction models, such as the daily land and sea breeze conditions at the selected air pollution stations located near the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, were predicted with an Index of Agreement of 0.3, which implied a moderate conformity between the predicted and observed values. Tracer analysis of air particles at a selected location in the Straits of Malacca verified the existence of the landward and shoreward movement of the air during the simulation of the low‐level wind field. Air pollutants from the burning areas of neighbouring Sumatra just across the straits were transported towards the Klang valley during the daytime and seawards during the nighttime, highlighting the recirculation features of aged and newer air particles over the seven days (13–18 September) of the model simulation. The presence of the central Main Range east of the Klang valley to a certain extent limited further eastward movement of the air particles. Near calm conditions at low levels were simulated from midnight to midday on 14 September, where the movement of the polluted air particles from the uncontrolled burning in Sumatra was confined within the Straits of Malacca. Turbulence within the planetary boundary layer in terms of the total kinetic energy was found to be weak from 14 to 15 September, congruent with the weak strength of low level winds that reduced the ability of the air to transport the pollutants during the period of severe smoke haze. Statistical evaluation showed that parameters such as the systematic RMSE (root mean square error) and unsystematic RMSE for the zonal wind component were slightly higher than for the meridional one, indicating higher errors between the observed and simulated zonal values. Otherwise, the equatorial meteorological parameters such as wind speed and temperature were successfully simulated by the model with comparatively high correlation coefficients, lower RMSEs and moderately high indices of agreement with observed values.  相似文献   

汕尾市雾霾天气的能见度多时间尺度特征分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

钱峻屏  黄菲  黄子眉  王国复  彭龙军  张虹鸥 《热带地理》2006,26(4):308-313

根据汕尾气象台1961～2003年共43 a的常规气象观测资料,对汕尾市雾霾天气的能见度多时间尺度特征进行了分析.结果表明,汕尾市雾霾天气能见度的时次变化都是在08时次出现最多,在08～14时次逐渐减少,在14时次出现最少;霾天气逐月变化不明显,轻雾和雾主要出现在冬春季节,以春季为多;霾在80年代后出现次数明显增多,而雾则在70年代以后出现次数多,但雾天气年代变化不明显,主要原因可能是城市污染的逐年加重,引起雾霾天气次数明显增多.  相似文献   

热带山区高时空分辨率NDVI融合精度及其影响因素分析     

高书鹏  刘晓龙  宋金玲  史正涛  杨磊  郭利彪 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(2):405-419

高时空分辨率NDVI时序数据作为遥感应用中的重要数据源,对土地覆被动态变化监测具有重要意义,特别是在地表高程变化显著、气候条件复杂、景观异质性强烈的热带山区。虽然当前学者们提出了诸多时空数据融合模型,但针对这些模型在热带山区的NDVI数据融合精度及其影响因素分析尚不多见。对此,本文选取3类时空数据融合方法(权重函数法、概率统计法和多种混合法)中具有代表性的4个模型:STARFM(Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model)、RASTFM(Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model)、ESTARFM(Enhanced Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model)、BSFM(Bayesian Spatiotemporal Fusion Model)(STARFM、ESTARFM为权重函数法;BSFM为概率统计法;RASTFM为多种混合法),选择位于我国热带山区的纳板河流域作为研究区。对融合模型的...  相似文献   

风廓线雷达在重污染天气与逆温层关系研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毕玮  陆雪  郭丽娜  孙萌 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,51(6):9-16

本文利用气象要素地面观测和环境空气质量监测数据,结合对流层风廓线雷达探测资料,深入研究了2013-2019年发生在青岛地区的65个重污染天气的逆温层变化特征及其与重污染天气的关系.结果表明:(1)青岛地区的重污染天气主要发生在12月至次年1月,重污染发生当日的空气质量指数(Air quality iudex AQI)有...  相似文献   

临沂地区秋季一次重霾天气的特征分析     

胡顺起  王玉亮  朱义青 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2018,12(3):49-56

利用大气观测、探测及污染物探测资料、NCEP再分析资料和GDAS资料,对2013年10月26—29日一次持续性重霾天气过程中的气象要素和气溶胶演变特征进行分析。结果表明:本次持续性霾天气过程中,临沂地区PM_(2.5)污染严重,大气中PM_(2.5)的小时平均浓度工业区城区郊区,污染最严重时分别为365,344,284μg·m~(-3);较小的地面平均风速及PM_(2.5)浓度的稳定上升和较低的地面湿度为本次霾天气过程的形成和发展提供了有利条件;当临沂地区以南风或西南风为主时,市区霾天气加重,上游空气污染具有平流输送特征。贴地逆温层的形成,导致污染物在低空不断积累,造成污染浓度的持续升高。地方政府应加快产业结构调整,控制企业的污染物排放,才是治理雾霾的根本办法。  相似文献