福建十年地震灾害与减灾     

袁定强 《福建地震》1999,(4)

福建减灾十年(1989-1999)正处在我省地震活动十分活跃的时期,共发生4.0级以上地震16次,其中有6次地震造成了地震灾害,使我省经济损失达2.6亿元,人员伤亡412人,并对当地的社会生活和经济建设产生了消极影响。文章分析了本省地震活动特点与灾害特征,分析了造成本省地震灾害的主要因素和地震灾害不十分严重的原因。 在福建减灾十年中,省地震部门坚持以预防为主,依靠科技进步,发挥政府减灾职能,走综合防震减灾道路;认真抓好观测数据高质量产出,各类信息处理与综合分析,震后快速应急三个环节;积极实施全省综合防御地震灾害体系建设,闽南地区综合防震减灾示范工程已经在全国综合防震减灾工作中起到示范作用,福建数字遥测地震台网工程成为中国大陆第一个正式投入观测的全省数字化地震台网;同时加快了法制建设步伐,坚持不懈地进行地震知识的科普宣传教育,努力提高全民防震减灾意识。这些措施对减轻福建十年地震灾害取得显著收益。 为了减轻我省下世纪地震灾害,提出几个值得重视的向题,防患于未然。全省地震前兆台网必须彻底改造,建设高灵敏度、高精度的数字化前兆台网,引入新的观测系统,以期捕捉未来中强以上地震的前兆信息;关注未来城市地震灾害向题,应该开展城市地震灾害环境调查与研究;加强管理,对地震烈度  相似文献   

Solar light, seawater temperature, and nutrients, which one is more important in affecting phytoplankton growth？   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

苗振清  杨东方 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):825-831

Based on research results on the impacts of solar light, seawater temperature, and nutrient available to phytoplankton growth and changes in phytoplankton physiology and assemblage, we discussed the order of influence of these factors. By clarifying the mechanisms and processes of the impacts by these factors, we have determined the rising order of the importance as solar light, seawater temperature, and nutrient silicon (Si). Therefore, for human interests in sustaining economic development, the first thing to be considered is the input of nutrient Si into the ocean, followed by seawater temperature change.  相似文献   

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聂建亮 《大地测量与地球动力学》2008,28(3):87-91

???????????????????????????????UKF?????????????÷??????????????????Unscented Kalman????????????????????????????????????Э????????????????????Kalman?????????????Kalman?????Unscented Kalman??????????????????????UKF?????????????????????????????  相似文献   

事故树方法在泥石流灾害分析中的应用     

杨丁颖  黄建陵  徐林荣 《气象与减灾研究》2008,31(3):52-56

为了解决泥石流灾害预防工作中的实际问题,通过系统安全工程的事故树分析方法,找到影响泥石流灾害产生的主要因素,建立泥石流灾害事故树图,从最小割集、最小径集、结构重要度三个方面全面分析,阐述了各基本事件对泥石流发生的影响程度,以及它们之间的逻辑关系,找到预防关键因素。最后,结合实际情况,对预防泥石流灾害提出了具体建议。  相似文献   

非线性结构体系可靠度的重要抽样方法     

陆立新  吴斌  欧进萍 《地震工程与工程振动》2004,24(6):58-62

最近S．K．AU与J．L．Beck提出了一种高效率的线性体系的重要抽样法。本文应用0方差抽样的概念对Au和Beck的方法进行了分析,然后在此基础上把Au和Beck的方法推广到具有非线性失效面的结构体系。应用本文提出的方法对3个算例进行了计算分析,抽样20次的结果与一般抽样法10^5～10^6次的结果非常接近,表明本文方法有很高的计算效率。  相似文献   

论小构造研究在青海1∶5万区调中的重要性     

王维  刘正安 《四川地质学报》2014,34(3):326-329

地质体在受力、运动情况下,会产生一系列的大小不一的构造形迹,其在时空域存在内在联系,通过分析其特征能够反演其受力、运动情况,特别在构造复杂地区,研究小构造,对区域构造成矿及地质体运动能提供强有力的佐证。基于此,本文从小构造与大构造的关系为着重点,并以青海1∶5万区调为实例,阐述小构造研究在区调中的重要性,希望对地质工作有一定的参考作用。  相似文献   

1980年以来5个时期洞庭湖区国际重要湿地景观动态研究     

梁旻轩  谢正磊  毛德华  王宗明  焉恒琦  康应东 《湿地科学》2020,18(1):40-46

国际重要湿地是中国乃至全球湿地保护体系的重要组成部分,研究国际重要湿地景观动态对于湿地保护和管理具有重要意义。以洞庭湖区3处国际重要湿地为研究对象,利用1980年、1990年、2000年、2010年和2015年的Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+/OLI影像数据,采用面向对象的遥感影像分类方法,解译出5个时期洞庭湖区3处国际重要湿地的土地覆被信息,提取各处国际湿地的土地覆被类型分布信息;结合景观指数和人为干扰度指数,探讨5个时期洞庭湖区湿地面积动态及其景观格局动态特征。研究结果表明,从1980年到2015年,洞庭湖湿地总面积减少了232.60 km^2;南洞庭湖面积减少的最多,湿地面积减少了218.54 km^2,损失率高达20.30%;3处重要湿地中的湿地斑块数量增多,湿地趋于破碎化,景观间连通度降低;西洞庭湖景观破碎化程度最高,湿地景观连通度差,聚集度指数(CONTAG)相对最小;洞庭湖区湿地仍然受到强度较高的人类活动干扰,其中,耕地扩张是造成湿地损失的主要原因。  相似文献   

Prioritising species for research,conservation and management: a case study of exploited fish species     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):345-360

Studies that categorise species according to their conservation status often fall short in their implementation by not having taken into account the impacts on, or the response from, those that either benefit from, or exploit, the resource under consideration. This is especially true in multispecies fisheries where personnel and funding limitations often create the dilemma over which species should be the first to receive management and research attention. This study uses a multicriteria decision analysis approach to prioritise 176 South African linefish species on the basis of a number of criteria indicating conservation and socio-economic, including fishery sector, importance. For each species, conservation criteria were: abundance trend, level of knowledge, vulnerability, range, and relative exploitation throughout that range. Sectoral criteria were: total catch, degree of targeting, the number of participants and the economic value of each species. The scores given to each species on the basis of each of these criteria were summed to allow an examination of each fish's importance from the points of view of (i) conservation, (ii) each fishery sector separately and combined, and (iii) the overall combined conservation and sectoral importance. Different weight sets were used in the weighted summation of the scores, and results were examined for sensitivity. The results were reasonably insensitive to these changes in weights. Relative scores within each of the fishery sectors were dominated by two or three species. Consequently, the scores separating the remaining species from each other were small. This meant that, in many cases, even when the rank of species changed by a number of places with a different weight set, the differences in score were slight. On the whole, the top fish included the most important species in each sector and biogeographical region and in terms of conservation. The separate and overall rankings should assist in the development of broadly acceptable management strategies for different fish species.  相似文献   

基于随机森林方法的滑坡灾害危险性区划   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李亭  田原  邬伦  刘亮 《地理与地理信息科学》2014,30(6)

滑坡灾害危险性区划在滑坡灾害管理工作中具有重要意义。该文以深圳市为研究区,将随机森林方法应用于滑坡灾害危险性区划和因子评价工作。研究中采用随机森林方法进行建模,结合ROC曲线和AUC值对模型性能进行评价;通过预报效率曲线对全区的滑坡危险性区划总体效果进行评价;根据错误率变化和节点不纯度变化,对不同因子的重要性进行分析,结合作用曲线,探讨不同因子对滑坡的影响规律。实例研究说明随机森林方法适用于滑坡危险性区划工作,具有良好的建模效果。  相似文献   

Terrain Simplification Research in Augmented Scene Modeling     

Ming Delie  You Kefei  Tian Jinwen  Liu Jian  Wang Guangjun 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(4)

environment. As one of the most important tasks in augmented scene modeling, terrain simplification research has gained more and more attention. In this paper, we mainly focus on point selection problem in terrain simplification using triangulated irregular network. Based on the analysis and comparison of traditional importance measures for each input point, we put forward a new importance measure based on local entropy. The results demonstrate that the local entropy criterion has a better performance than any traditional methods. In addition, it can effectively conquer the "short-sight" problem associated with the traditional methods.  相似文献