控制虾夷扇贝闭壳肌积累类胡萝卜素相关基因的筛查     

任晓亮  侯睿  王珊  战渊超  黄晓婷  包振民 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,(9):41-47

利用抑制性差减杂交技术(Suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH)对虾夷扇贝闭壳肌积累类胡萝卜素相关基因进行筛查和分析。以虾夷扇贝橘红色闭壳肌和白色闭壳肌cDNA构建正反向差减文库,结合454测序技术在正向差减文库中测序得到2 640条序列,拼接得到50个contigs(重叠群);反向差减文库中测序得到2 496条序列,拼接得到187个contigs。经过同源性比对分析,共获得150多个差异表达基因,从中选择3种清道夫受体SRB1、SRF2和SRCR作为候选基因进行研究,对其在虾夷扇贝各组织中的表达量水平进行检测,初步阐述了其在虾夷扇贝中的组织表达规律。根据结果推测在虾夷扇贝橘红色闭壳肌中,清道夫受体有可能是调节类胡萝卜素累积和转运的关键基因。本研究为虾夷扇贝闭壳肌类胡萝卜素累积相关通路的探索提供了初步研究的基础数据。  相似文献   

Developmental Dynamics of the Larval Muscle System of Bay Scallop (Argopecten irradians)     

Sun  Xiujun  Liu  Zhihong  Zhou  Liqing  Wu  Biao  Yang  Aiguo  Tian  Jiteng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(2):386-392

Though the larval development of bivalves has been extensively studied for commercial purposes,the dynamic development of larval muscle system remains largely unknown.In this study,we characterized the larval muscle system at different developmental stages(D-shaped veligers,umbo veligers and spats)in the bay scallop(Argopecten irradians)by phalloidin staining and under a confocal microscopy.The functional muscles are initially established at the early stage of veligers,which have four pairs of velar retractors and one anterior adductor.At the veliger stage,the velum and posterior retractor muscles are functionally important for velar contractility but undergo an irreversible shrink until they disappear at the end of the larval stage.During metamorphosis,three crucial modifications take place in the larval muscle system.The metamorphosis process involves the gradual degeneration of velum retractors,mantle margin development from an unfolded to a three-fold state,and remodeling of the adductor muscle system from dimyarian(two adductors)to monomyarian condition(one adductor)as in juveniles/adults.All retractor muscles are composed of striated muscle,but both anterior and posterior adductors have smooth and striated components.These findings highlight that the morphological changes at different stages are typical features of myogenesis in scallops.The present knowledge on the developmental dynamics of myogenesis in the bay scallop will not only improve our understanding of phenotypic diversity of larval myoanatomy in bivalves,but also provide useful information on the larval culture in hatcheries.  相似文献   

池养黄河鲤鱼含肉率及其肌肉营养成份的分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨太有  张西瑞 《海洋湖沼通报》1996,(4):55-59

本文就池养黄河鲤鱼的含肉率及其肉肉营养成份进行了测定分析。结果表明：池养黄河鲤鱼的含肉率为７１、９８５％；其肌肉营养成份蛋白质含量为１７．５８％、脂肪含量为３．９７％、灰分含量为１．１２％、水分含量为７７．３３％；肌肉中含有丰富的体全部必需８种氨基酸和４种鲜味氨基酸；肌肉中还含有丰富的人体必需微量元素铜，锌、铁等及大量元素、磷。  相似文献   

锯缘青蟹不同器官组织中ROS与ASAFR含里的研究     

孔祥会  王桂忠  艾春香  李少蔷 《海洋科学》2004,28(4):1-4

采用生化测定的方法,对锯缘青蟹(Scyllaserrata)鳃、肝胰腺和肌肉等不同器官组织中活性氧(ROS)与抗超氧阴离子自由基(ASAFR)含量进行了测定。　结果表明,　不同器官组织中活性氧与抗超氧阴离子自由基含量各异。　各器官组织中活性氧含量由高到低依次为:肝胰腺>肌肉>鳃,　分别为195.04U/mg±33.46U/mg, 64.03 U/mg±12.77 U/mg和44.84U/mg±10.44U/mg。而抗超氧阴离子自由基含量则是鳃>肝胰腺>肌肉,大小分别为439.62 U/g±64.73U/g,297.89 U/g±39.75 U/g和84.24 U/g±18.03 U/g。统计分析显示,锯缘青蟹各器官组织间的活性氧与抗超氧阴离子自由基含量均存在极显著性差异(P<0.01)。这是由于不同器官组织所执行的生理功能不同造成的。  相似文献   

自适应人脸肌肉模型特定化技术     

徐莹  何本阳 《成都信息工程学院学报》2007,22(1):88-91

肌肉模型是人脸表情动画中常用的控制模型之一。很多基于肌肉模型的人脸动画中都实现了从一般人脸模型到特定人脸模型的修改，对肌肉模型特定化的介绍很少，或只是简单的提供一些用户交互接口，很难得到比较满意的结果。鉴于此，提出了自适应人脸肌肉模型特定化技术。实验证明，技术可取得较好的动画效果。  相似文献   

Helcionelloids from the Cambrian Fortunian of the Northern Yangtze Platform, China     

ZHANG Mengshao  PANG Yanchun  YANG Ben  HE Yangjian  LIANG Siyu  HU Qiang  LIN Li 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(6):1587-1603

A study of the morphological and microstructural characteristics of helcionelloids from the Nanjiang area (north Sichuan, China) at the northern Yangtze Platform was undertaken, in order to understand their phylogenetic position. Helcionelloids fossils from the Kuanchuanpu Formation of the Changtanhe–Maolinzi section include 7 genera and 11 species. There are distinct differences in the degree of shell bending, the apical morphology and apex position, the outline of the aperture and the height of the shell, all of which constitute important identification features. Although helcionelloid apices exhibit varying degrees of rotation towards the aperture, they do not show any signs of evident distortion. A pair of basally-symmetrical muscle scars are discovered on the shells of helcionelloids (such as Bemella simplex), showing a distinct difference when compared with those of the stem-group gastropod (e.g., Pelagiella). The prismatic shell layer of helcionelloids has been observed, which are common components in Cambrian molluscs, but differ significantly from the dense layer microstructure found in contemporary molluscs. The microstructures, muscle scars and morphological characteristics demonstrate that helcionelloids represent a stem-group of molluscs.  相似文献   

二、三倍体牙鲆肌肉和脑组织实时定量PCR内参基因的筛选及鉴定     

杜娜  张敏  吴志昊  焦爽  尤锋  谭训刚 《海洋科学》2021,45(9):48-57

多倍体诱导会造成物种中不同基因的表达水平变化不同,以内参基因作为对照的相对实时定量PCR是检测基因表达水平变化的一种高效方法,这就需要对多倍体中的内参基因进行筛选以获得较适宜的参比基因。本研究以二倍体和三倍体牙鲆肌肉和脑组织为对象,以绝对定量及2^–ΔCt等方法分析管家基因18S rRNA、β-肌动蛋白基因（β-actin）,β-2-微球蛋白基因（b2m）,3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因（gapdh）,核糖体蛋白L17基因（rpl17）,α-微管蛋白基因（α-tub）,延伸因子-1-α基因（ef1-α）和泛素结合酶基因（ubc-e）的表达水平稳定性。绝对定量分析发现18S rRNA和α-tub的表达在牙鲆二、三倍体肌肉之间有显著性差异,其他基因的表达没有显著性差异,利用2^–ΔCt分析方法分析发现只有α-tub的表达在二、三倍体牙鲆肌肉之间有显著性差异,其他基因的表达没有显著性差异;在牙鲆三倍体的脑和二倍体的脑之间,这些基因的表达均没有显著性差异。综合基因表达稳定性和Normfinder分析的结果发现,ef1-α是定量分析牙鲆三倍体的肌肉和二倍体的肌肉之间基因表达差异的较适合的内参基因,α-tub、ubc-e、rpl17、β-actin只在其中一种分析方法中符合要求,而其他基因不符合任何一种分析方法的要求;ef1-α、rpl17是定量分析牙鲆二、三倍体脑组织之间基因表达差异的比较适合的内参基因,β-actin只在基因表达稳定性上符合要求,其他基因不符合任何一种分析方法的要求。本研究为分析牙鲆二倍体和三倍体同一组织之间基因表达的差异奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Comparative study on in vitro transformation of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in different shellfish tissues     

TIAN Hu  GAO Chunlei  WANG Zongling  SUN Ping  FAN Shiliang  ZHU Mingyuan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(1):120-126

Dissected tissues of three shellfish species,the Chinese scallop,Chlamys farreri,Manila clam,Ruditapes philippinarum,and Razor shell,Solen strictu were evaluated for in vitro transformation of paralytic shellfish poisoning(PSP) toxins. Tissue homogenates were incubated with extraction from toxic algae Alexandrium minutum to determine toxin conversion. The effects of heating and addition of a natural reductant(glutathione) on toxin conversion were also assessed. The toxin profile was investigated through high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection(HPLC-FLD) . The evident variations in the toxin content were observed only in Chinese scallop viscera homogenates. The concentration of GTX4 was reduced by 45%(approximately 0.8 μmol/dm 3 ) and 25%(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) for GTX1,while GTX2 and GTX3 increased by six times(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) and 3 times(approximately 0.3 μmol/dm 3 ) respectively. Simultaneously,the total toxicity decreased by 38% during the 48 h incubation period,the final toxicity was 20.4 nmol STXeq/g. Furthermore,heated Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with non-heated samples. The concentration of the GTX4 and GTX1 was clearly 28%(approximately 0.53 μmol/dm 3 ) and 17%(approximately 0.69 μmol/dm 3 ) higher in heated samples,GTX2 and GTX3 were four times(0.66 μmol/dm 3 ) and two times(0.187 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively. GSH(+) Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with GSH(-) samples,the concentration in the GTX4 and GTX1 was 9%(approximately 0.12 μmol/dm 3 ) and 11%(approximately 0.36 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively,GTX2 and GTX3 was 17%(approximately 0.14 μmol/dm 3 ) and 19%(approximately 0.006 μmol/dm 3 ) higher respectively. In contrast,there was a little change in the concentration of PSP toxins of Manila clam and Razor shell tissue homogenates. These observations on three shellfish tissues confirmed that there were species-specific differences in PSP toxins transformation. PSP toxins transformation was more pronounced in viscera tissue than in muscle tissue. PSP toxins was possibly interfered by some carbamoylase enzyme,and the activity in Chinese scallop viscera tissue is more remarkable than in the other two species.  相似文献   

美洲黑石斑鱼含肉率及肌肉营养成分分析   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

党冉  竺俊全  邱新志 《海洋学研究》2010,28(2):60-66

利用常规肌肉营养测试方法,测定分析了美洲黑石斑鱼的含肉率及肌肉营养成分。测定结果显示,美洲黑石斑鱼含肉率平均值为(73.71±1.93)%,肌肉(鲜样)中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分和粗灰分含量分别为(19.09±1.34)%,(6.14±1.76)%,(71.86±1.58)%和(1.32±0.17)%;美洲黑石斑鱼肌肉中被测出的常见氨基酸(色氨酸未测定)有17种,其中包括7种必需氨基酸、2种半必需氨基酸和8种非必需氨基酸,其氨基酸含量占鲜体质量的百分比分别为(8.27±0.21)%,(1.84±0.08)%和(10.15±0.31)%,17种氨基酸总含量为(20.26±1.13)%(鲜样)。谷氨酸(Glu)含量占鲜体质量的百分比最高,为(3.27±0.16)%,其次是天冬氨酸(Asp)和赖氨酸(Lys),胱氨酸(Cys)含量占鲜体质量的百分比为最低,仅为(0.27±0.01)%。4种鲜味氨基酸含量占干样的(29.32±0.14)%。鲜样的美洲黑石斑鱼必需氨基酸总量占氨基酸总量的比值为40.82%,干样的为40.81%;鲜样的必需氨基酸总量与非必需氨基酸总量的比值为81.48%,干样的为81.43%,其构成符合FAO/WHO的标准。同时计算出的美洲黑石斑鱼肌肉蛋白质氨基酸评分(AAS)均大于1,化学评分(CS)均大于0.7,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)达到91.18,高于多数海产经济鱼类,说明它能为人体提供大量必需氨基酸,且其组成接近人体的氨基酸需要量模式。美洲黑石斑鱼肌肉中主要含有16种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)7种,含量占肌肉脂肪酸总量的(38.66±1.22)%;不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)9种,含量占肌肉脂肪酸总量的(61.36±0.98)%,其中单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)5种,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)4种。多不饱和脂肪酸中的人和动物生长发育必需的脂肪酸EPA和DHA含量,分别占总脂肪酸的(9.02±0.59)%和(11.73±0.43)%。-ω3族与-ω6族PUFA总量的比值为5.30。分析表明,美洲黑石斑鱼肌肉含肉率高,含有较多的粗蛋白和粗脂肪,氨基酸总量及鲜味氨基酸含量均较高,是一种优质蛋白源;美洲黑石斑鱼肌肉富含PUFA,尤其是EPA和DHA含量丰富,并且∑n3/∑n6值较高,因而具有较高的食用营养价值和保健功效,是一种具有广阔市场前景的优良养殖品种。  相似文献   

大口黑鲈肌肉生长抑制素前肽真核表达载体的构建及其在肌肉组织中的表达     

张宁宁  白俊杰  何小平  郭玉函  叶星  李胜杰  杜晓东 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(1)

将大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoide)肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin,MSTN)前肽(MSTN-Pro)的cDNA定向克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)/mycHisB中,双酶切检测和测序鉴定证实,插入pcDNA3.1(-)/mycHisB载体中的片段为目的基因的核苷酸序列,MSTN基因前肽cDNA为正向插入,且重组质粒无错配或插入移位等突变。采用肌肉注射法将重组表达质粒注入大口黑鲈背部肌肉组织,在注射后第2天经RT-PCR检测到MSTN前肽基因mRNA的表达,第6天经免疫组化学检测到MSTN前肽蛋白的表达,第8天蛋白表达强度增强,对照组始终未检测到MSTN前肽基因的表达。  相似文献