Environmental control on early life stages of flatfishes in the Lima Estuary (NW Portugal)     

Sandra Ramos  Pedro Ré  Adriano A. Bordalo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Several flatfishes spawn in oceanic waters and pelagic larvae are transported inshore to settle in the nursery areas, usually estuaries, where they remain during their juvenile life. Nursery areas appear as extremely important habitats, not only for juveniles but also for the earlier planktonic larval fish. Yet, the majority of nursery studies tend to focus only on one development stage, missing an integrative approach of the entire early life that fishes spent within a nursery ground. Thus, the present study assessed the influence of environmental parameters on the dynamics of the larval and juvenile flatfishes, throughout their nursery life in the Lima Estuary. Between April 2002 and April 2004, fortnightly subsurface ichthyoplankton samples were collected and juveniles were collected from October 2003 until September 2005. Larval assemblages comprised nine flatfish species, while only six were observed among the juvenile assemblages. Solea senegalensis and Platichthys flesus were the most abundant species of both fractions of the Lima Estuary flatfishes. Larval flatfish assemblages varied seasonally, without relevant differences between lower and middle estuary. Platichthys flesus dominated the spring samples and summer and autumn periods were characterized by an increase of overall abundance and diversity of larval flatfishes, mainly S. senegalensis, associated with temperature increase and reduced river flow. On the contrary, during the winter abundance sharply decreased, as a consequence of higher river run-off that might compromised the immigration of incompetent marine larvae. Juvenile flatfishes were more abundant in the middle and upper areas of the estuary, but the species richness was higher near the river mouth. Sediment type, distance from the river mouth, salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen were identified as the main environmental factors structuring the juvenile flatfish assemblages. Juveniles were spatially discrete, with the most abundant species S. senegalensis and P. flesus associated with the middle and upper estuary, while the remaining species were associated with the lower estuarine areas. The larval fraction exhibited distinct dynamics from the juvenile estuarine flatfish community. Larval flatfishes showed a strong seasonal structure mainly regulated by biological features as the spawning season and also by seasonal variations of water characteristics. On the other hand, juvenile flatfishes were markedly controlled by site specific characteristics such as sediments structure, distance from the river mouth and salinity regime. The present study emphasized the idea that the environmental control varies throughout the ontogenetic development, stressing the importance of integrating all the early life of a species in flatfish nursery studies.  相似文献   

两种酚对真鲷幼鱼血浆性激素含量的影响     

吴翠琴 《台湾海峡》2009,28(1):60-64

采用半静态暴露的方式研究己烯雌酚（DES）和辛基酚（OP）对真鲷幼鱼血浆性激素含量的影响．将真鲷幼鱼暴露于一定浓度的DES和OP时间为6周,用放射免疫法测定对照组和染毒组血浆中的17β-雌二醇（E2）和睾酮（T）浓度．结果表明,DES和OP严重干扰了真鲷幼鱼的内分泌系统,特别是对17β-雌二醇含量的影响非常显著．  相似文献   

Nocturnal fish utilization of a subtropical mangrove‐seagrass ecotone     

Neil Hammerschlag  Joseph E. Serafy 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(2):364-374

Whereas diel fish migration between mangrove and seagrass habitats has been recognized for decades, quantitative studies have focused mainly on diurnal patterns of fish distribution and abundance. In general, previous studies have shown that fish abundances decline with increasing distance from mangroves; however, evidence for such a pattern at night, when many fishes are actively feeding, is scarce. The present study is the first to report nocturnal fish abundances along a continuous distance gradient from mangroves across adjacent seagrass habitat (0–120 m). Here, we used nocturnal seine sampling to test the null hypothesis (based on diurnal studies and limited nocturnal work) that fish abundance would decrease with increasing distance from shoreline. We focused on species and life‐stage‐specific abundance patterns of Lutjanus griseus, Sphyraena barracuda, Archosargus rhomboidalis, and Haemulon sciurus. Results indicated that assemblage composition and structure differed significantly by season, likely influenced by temperature. However, within each season, the fish habitat use pattern at both the assemblage and species‐specific level generally failed to support our working null hypothesis. Species‐specific analyses revealed that, for most species and life‐stages examined, nocturnal abundance either did not change with distance or increased with distance from the mangrove‐seagrass ecotone. Our results suggest that analyses where taxa are grouped to report overall patterns may have the potential to overlook significant species‐ and stage‐specific variation. For fishes known to make nocturnal migrations, we recommend nocturnal sampling to determine habitat utilization patterns, especially when inferring nursery value of multiple habitats or when estimating fish production.  相似文献   

人工养殖条件下达氏鳇杂交种幼鱼生长特性的初步研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

石振广  董双林  鲁宏申  王云山  李文龙 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,38(1):33-38

为了解在人工养殖条件下达氏鳇(Huso dauricus)杂交种(达氏鳇♂×天然杂交种♀(达氏鳇♀×史氏鲟♂) )的生长特性,在水温11～22 ℃时,对达氏鳇杂交种体长和体重的生长进行实验研究.应用计算机软件Excel和SPSS对测量的数据进行处理分析,结果表明:平均全长为33.32 cm、平均体重为145.83 g的139日龄幼鱼经75 d的人工饲养长成平均全长为48.79 cm、平均体重为437.36 g的个体,全长与日龄之间呈线性关系L=3.292 7t 30.517,R2=0.959 4,其全长日均增长量为2.06 mm、平均瞬时增长率为 0.076 3,体重与日龄呈指数函数关系,Wgc=119.74e0.234 6t,R2=0.956;体重日均增长量为3.887 1 g、平均瞬时生长率为0.219 7;体重与全长的回归曲线为WwL=0.005 6L2.892 9,R2=0.998 2,幂指数接近于3,表明该鱼体重与全长的立方呈正相关系,属于等比生长类型.  相似文献   

斜带石斑鱼幼鱼饥饿前后胃肠道的组织学研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

宋海霞  翁幼竹  方琼珊  刘志刚  方永强 《台湾海峡》2008,27(1):74-78

应用组织学方法详细地观察了斜带石斑鱼幼鱼饥饿前后胃肠道组织细胞的变化特征.结果发现饥饿后引起胃体部的粘膜和腺体萎缩,胃腺细胞排列无序,腺细胞胞质中分泌颗粒明显减少,肌层变薄,肌纤维排列疏松,而贲门胃和幽门胃则没有明显变化;在肠道可见幽门盲囊和肠前段出现结构和功能的变化,表现在肠绒毛长度和上皮细胞的高度均明显下降,纹状缘退化,杯状细胞的体积和数目都减少,肠中段的变化较前段不显著,后段肠壁可见浆膜层和肌层严重脱落.  相似文献   

不同盐度下鲈鱼稚鱼鳃的显微结构观察   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王艳  胡先成 《海洋科学》2009,33(12):138-142

采用石蜡切片和显微摄影技术,研究了不同盐度下鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)稚鱼鳃的显微结构.结果显示,在15.00盐度组,稚鱼鳃的鳃丝和鳃小片上泌氯细胞数量较多,泌氯细胞集中分布在鳃小片基部,且黏液细胞较多.与15.00盐度组和淡水组相比,7.50盐度组稚鱼鳃的鳃小片较窄,泌氯细胞的分布、结构及数量变化均不明显.在0.00盐度组,稚鱼鳃中鳃小片较宽,排列紧密,泌氯细胞数量较少,且主要分布在近鳃小片基部.鲈鱼稚鱼鳃的结构能够适应外界水体盐度的变化,其中泌氯细胞的结构和数量变化是与鲈鱼稚鱼所处的环境相适应的.  相似文献   

人工育苗条件下的大黄鱼胚胎发育及其仔、稚鱼形态特征与生态习性的研究   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

刘家富 《海洋科学》1999,23(6):61-65

连续观察人工育苗中同一批受精卵,在水温２３．２～２３．４℃,盐度２７．００～２７．８０条件下,经过２６ｈ３６ｍｉｎ孵出仔鱼,并继续观察仔,稚鱼发育过程中的形态特征与生态习性,还比较了不同年份与不同批次的观察资料,讨论了水温等环境条件变化的对胚胎发育的影响,以及仔,稚鱼器官发育与日龄,生长速度等关系。  相似文献   

几种环境因子对墨西哥湾扇贝幼虫和稚贝生长与存活的影响   总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19  

尤仲杰  陆彤霞  马斌  陈清建 《热带海洋学报》2003,22(3):22-29

叙述了在室内控制条件下海水温度、盐度和pH因子对墨西哥湾扇贝Argopecten irrndians concentricus浮游幼虫和稚贝生长和存活的影响。结果表明，墨西哥湾扇贝浮游幼虫生长的适宜温度为20-30℃，最佳生长温度为25-30℃。稚贝生长的适宜温度为15-33℃，最适生长温度为25-30℃。浮游幼虫生长的适宜盐度为23．38-42．70，最适生长盐度为23．38-36．58；稚贝生长的适宜盐度为23．38-42．70，最适生长盐度为23．38-36．58；在pH为7-8时，稚贝存活率最高，生长最好。稚贝的耐干露能力低下。  相似文献   

菲律宾蛤仔稚贝摄食、呼吸和排泄率的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

肖国强  张炯明  柴雪良  陆荣茂  林志华  方军 《台湾海峡》2006,25(1):30-35

本文利用实验生态学的方法研究了不同温度对菲律宾蛤仔稚贝的呼吸、排泄的影响以及在25℃下菲律宾蛤仔稚贝对4种单细胞藻类的滤食率．实验结果表明，温度对菲律宾蛤仔稚贝耗氧率、排氨率有显著影响，菲律宾蛤仔稚贝在12-32℃范围内，排氨率随温度的升高呈峰值变化，在26℃排氨率达到最大值然后开始下降，耗氧率随温度的升高而增大，耗氧率（OR）和温度（t）的回归方程为：OR=0．0155e^0.696t，R^2=0．9291．O：N也随着温度的升高而升高，菲律宾蛤仔稚贝呼吸Q10平均3．8，排泄Q10平均是1．88．菲律宾蛤仔稚贝在单位时问内（g／h）对4种藻类的滤食率高低依次为扁藻〉小球藻〉金藻〉角毛藻，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。  相似文献   

鲤科经济鱼类马口鱼(Opsariichthys bidens)胚胎发育及仔稚鱼形态与生长观察研究     

金丹璐  张清科  王友发  朱咏梅  张玉明  王建平  竺俊全 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(4):838-847

为了解鲤科经济鱼类马口鱼(Opsariichthys bidens)胚胎及仔稚鱼发育特点,采用人工干法授精获得受精卵,在人工孵化及培育条件下观察了马口鱼胚胎发育及仔稚鱼的形态变化与生长特性。马口鱼成熟卵及受精卵均呈圆形、沉性,卵径分别为1.00—1.20mm及1.4—1.6mm。在26—28oC水温下,胚胎发育历时37h,历经了胚盘形成期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官发生期、心跳期和孵出期等阶段,所需积温为968.95oC·h。初孵仔鱼全长3.74±0.04mm。在26—28oC水温下,仔鱼孵后12h,胸鳍原基形成;孵后48h,肠道形成;孵后84h,一鳔室形成;孵后96h,多数开始平游;孵后108h,卵黄囊消失,早期仔鱼发育至后期仔鱼,营外源性营养;孵后14d,两鳔室形成;孵后17d,全长12.46±0.76mm,各鳍发育完整,鳞片开始出现,进入稚鱼期;孵后23d,全长达17.09±1.08mm,外部形态特征与成鱼相近。马口鱼仔稚鱼生长方程显示异速生长特性。本研究积累了马口鱼早期生活史资料,为马口鱼人工繁殖及鱼苗培育提供理论参考。  相似文献