Petroleum Geological Conditions in Qiangtang Basin     

Lei Zhenyu  Li DeshengWT  ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

PETROLEUM GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN QIANGTANG BASIN  相似文献   

油气运聚过程的综合分析模拟     

吴东胜  吴冲龙  杨申谷  刘少华  朱小龙 《地质科技情报》2006,25(2):69-74

基于对油气运移机理现有认识的综合研究,提出了油气运聚模拟的地质概念模型和充分考虑地质综合研究并可人工干预的综合分析模拟.大尺度地质概念模型是以含油气系统为单位的三维面状模型,而小尺度模型则是以油气运聚单元为单位的、由一个或多个三维面以及断层组合而成的网络状格架模型.油气运聚过程的综合分析模拟应在层序地层格架内以含油气系统(或油气运聚单元)为单位建立初始地质模型,应用古构造恢复、古流体势恢复、油气运秽路径模拟、优势运移通道分析、模拟结果综合评价等技术,依据层序地层格架所提供的精确时间间隔单元进行三维的、动态的模拟.模拟的相关技术和方法可在信息集成平台的基础上,基于一系列空间数据处理方法开发实现.  相似文献   

Criteria for Selecting and Adjusting Ground-Motion Models for Specific Target Regions: Application to Central Europe and Rock Sites   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

Fabrice Cotton  Frank Scherbaum  Julian J. Bommer  Hilmar Bungum 《Journal of Seismology》2006,10(2):137-156

A vital component of any seismic hazard analysis is a model for predicting the expected distribution of ground motions at a site due to possible earthquake scenarios. The limited nature of the datasets from which such models are derived gives rise to epistemic uncertainty in both the median estimates and the associated aleatory variability of these predictive equations. In order to capture this epistemic uncertainty in a seismic hazard analysis, more than one ground-motion prediction equation must be used, and the tool that is currently employed to combine multiple models is the logic tree. Candidate ground-motion models for a logic tree should be selected in order to obtain the smallest possible suite of equations that can capture the expected range of possible ground motions in the target region. This is achieved by starting from a comprehensive list of available equations and then applying criteria for rejecting those considered inappropriate in terms of quality, derivation or applicability. Once the final list of candidate models is established, adjustments must be applied to achieve parameter compatibility. Additional adjustments can also be applied to remove the effect of systematic differences between host and target regions. These procedures are applied to select and adjust ground-motion models for the analysis of seismic hazard at rock sites in West Central Europe. This region is chosen for illustrative purposes particularly because it highlights the issue of using ground-motion models derived from small magnitude earthquakes in the analysis of hazard due to much larger events. Some of the pitfalls of extrapolating ground-motion models from small to large magnitude earthquakes in low seismicity regions are discussed for the selected target region.  相似文献   

A fish-based typology of small temperate rivers in the northeastern lowlands of Germany     

Clemens Fieseler 《Limnologica》2006,36(1):2-16

Fish assemblage data from 69 brooks and small streams were analysed to derive a fish-based typology of small lowland streams in the “Central Plains” ecoregion of northeastern Germany. Altogether 32 native, 1 non-native fish species and 2 lamprey species were detected in the lowland rivers studied. Species number and diversity varied significantly according to mean summer water temperatures and size of the watercourses. Summer-cold brooks contained on average 3-5 species, brooks with higher summer temperatures 5-8 species and small lowland rivers around 10-14 species. Small lowland brooks contained a significantly higher number of fish species when they flowed into or out of lakes: typically around 8-12.In the northeastern German lowlands the following three different river types were distinguished according to their fish assemblages: (1) The “lowland trout brook”, where brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) are reference species and accompanied by stone loach (Barbatula barbatula (L.)), brook lamprey (Lampetra planeri (Bloch)), three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.), ten-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius (L.)) and gudgeon (Gobio gobio (L.)); (2) The “perch- and roach-dominated lowland brook”, where perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and roach (Rutilus rutilus (L.)) are reference species, accompanied by pike (Esox lucius L.), three-spined stickleback and gudgeon; and (3) The “lowland lake connected brook” inhabited by higher numbers of fish species, with higher proportions of cyprinid fishes, and higher proportions of limnophilic fish. Apart from perch and roach, bleak (Alburnus alburnus (L.)), common bream (Abramis brama (L.)), silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna (L.)) and rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus (L.)) also occurred frequently.Further two observed fish-based types were not considered: The potential stone loach-dominated brook was not sufficiently represented in this study to be verified, and the stickleback brook was considered to represent degradation of lowland trout brooks.The correspondence between the fish-based typology and the morphology-based German stream typology was rather weak and requires further investigation.  相似文献   

A comparative fuzzy logic approach to runoff coefficient and runoff estimation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zekai en  Abdüsselam Altunkaynak 《水文研究》2006,20(9):1993-2009

In practice, rainfall–runoff relationships are achieved through a simply defined runoff coefficient concept that is widely used in many engineering hydrological designs in urban and rural areas. The simplicity of the method, with the sole requirement of runoff coefficient assessment, is the main attractiveness, in addition to its successful prediction of average runoff rates for a given rainfall record. Unfortunately, in the classical regression approach of the rainfall–runoff relationship, internal variabilities are not taken into consideration explicitly. The runoff coefficient is considered a constant value, and it is used without distinction of antecedent conditions for the calculation of runoff from the rainfall record. In this paper, various other uncertainty embedded versions of the runoff coefficient, and hence rainfall–runoff formulation, are presented in terms of statistics, probability, perturbation and, finally, fuzzy system modelling. It is concluded that the fuzzy logic approach yields the least relative error among the various alternative runoff calculation methods; therefore, it is recommended for use in future studies. The application of various alternatives is presented for two monthly rainfall‐runoff records around Istanbul, Turkey. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

鄂东南地区Cu-Au-Mo-(W)矿床的成矿时代及其成矿地球动力学背景探讨：辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄   总被引：44，自引：6，他引：44  

谢桂青  毛景文  李瑞玲  张祖送  赵维超  屈文俊  赵财胜  魏世昆 《矿床地质》2006,25(1):43-52

鄂东南地区Cu-Au-Mo-(W)矿床是长江中下游地区金属成矿带的重要组成部分。本文利用Re-Os同位素定年方法对该地区5个典型矿床(丰山洞铜钼金银多金属矿床、阮家湾钨铜钼矿床、千家湾铜金矿床、铜绿山铜铁金钼多金属矿床和铜山口铜钼矿床)进行了成矿时代的研究,获得其辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄分别为(144.0±2.1)Ma、(143.6±1.7)Ma、(137.7±1.7)Ma、(137.8±1.7)~(138.1±1.8)Ma和(143.5±1.7)~(142.3±1.8)Ma,代表各矿床的成矿时代。研究结果表明,鄂东南矿集区内的Cu-Au-Mo-(W)矿床与铜陵、安庆、九瑞矿集区内的矿床几乎是同时形成的,成矿时代可能主要集中于(140±5)Ma,相当于晚侏罗世-早白垩世。在综合已有的岩石学、地球化学和地球物理学资料的基础上,笔者认为,这一成矿事件的深部动力学过程可能是处于中国东部南北向印支期构造域向北东向古太平洋构造域大转折的背景下,与软流圈上涌和玄武质岩浆底侵而导致壳幔同熔有关。  相似文献   

基于模糊逻辑的中甸岛弧斑岩型铜矿定位预测   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

曹殿华  王安建  管烨  陈江 《矿床地质》2006,25(2):199-206

文章选择中甸岛弧地区中比例尺地表填图所圈定的侵入岩及火山岩、航磁解译构造格架及汇水盆地沉积物多元素异常作为斑岩型铜矿定位预测的主要方法,总结提出了该区斑岩型铜矿的定位预测准则,并根据该准则在GIS平台上基于模糊逻辑模型进行了模糊成员权重赋值和模糊推理网络构建。通过模糊推理计算得到该区不同高度、不同方向航磁解译构造的交汇部位以及不同元素的组合异常特征,最终确定了该区可以发现斑岩型铜矿的模糊概率分布图。该区主要矿床如普朗、红山和雪鸡坪等均处于高模糊概率分布区,经野外检查验证发现普上和地苏嘎两处斑岩铜矿矿化新区。  相似文献   

GIS-Based Slope Stability Analysis,Chuquicamata Open Pit Copper Mine,Chile   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Eric P. Nelson  Katherine A. Connors  Claudio Suárez S. 《Natural Resources Research》2007,16(2):171-190

The risk of slope failure in the Chuquicamata open-pit mine was analyzed using Geographic Information System (GIS) software and modeling techniques. Models incorporated various component layers at a relatively large map scale (1:5000): alteration, geotechnical unit, proximity to major faults (VIF), GSI (geological strength index), slope (from digital elevation model), proximity to watertable (difference grid between topography and modeled watertable), and composite structural density grid (VIF, smaller faults, and fracture frequency); not all layers were used in all models. Three modeling techniques were used: fuzzy logic, in which parameters in each component layer were ranked by mine geotechnical experts according to their influence in promoting slope failure, and two data-driven techniques, weights-of-evidence and logistic regression, in which statistical correlation of training points (known failures) with parameters were used to derive a relative probability of failure. Because most slope failures are controlled by structure, VIF and smaller faults were divided by orientation into subsets with dip direction parallel, opposite, and normal to slope aspect; these orientations promote circular and planar, toppling, and wedge-type failures, respectively. Density grids of these subsets show high-risk areas for individual failure types. The models demonstrate sensitivity of the analysis to (1) selection of component layers, (2) selection of training points, (3) classification and ranking of categorical parameters, and (4) data problems in certain layers. Predicted high-risk zones in the final models show a high degree of correspondence with recent, post-model failures. Such models can be used to anticipate future pit design concerns. The results presented here illustrate how vast amounts of data, in multiple geo-referenced layers, can be analyzed and modeled using GIS techniques for predictive studies at relatively large map scales. Such modeling techniques could provide a powerful tool for predictive modeling in a vast array of large-map-scale applications requiring similar data integration and evaluation.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组层序地层格架与油气勘探   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

倪新锋陈洪德  韦东晓 《中国地质》2007,34(1):73-80

通过露头剖面、钻井岩心、录井剖面、测井曲线及微量元素等多种资料的综合分析,在识别出5种不同成因类型层序界面的基础上,将上三叠统延长组划分为区域上分布稳定的4个长期基准面旋回(LSC1、LSC2、LSC3、LSC4)。在此基础上详细讨论了层序与生储盖组合的关系,指出生储盖组合特征与长期基准面旋回最为密切,有利储层发育位置主要出现在基准面旋回上升半旋回的早中期以及下降半旋回的中晚期,基准面升降转换位置发育的湖相泥、页岩为良好的烃源岩及盖层。  相似文献   

IGS跟踪站与国内跟踪站联合处理的框架点选择研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

秘金钟  蒋志浩  张鹏  党亚民 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2007,32(8):704-706,710

应用国内外GPS跟踪站5a的观测数据，提出了IGS跟踪站与国内跟踪站联合处理的框架点选择应遵循连续性、稳定性、高精度、多种解、平衡性、精度一致性等6条原则。并应用此6条原则，选定了最后的IGS框架点。  相似文献