青岛湾有机质污染带小型底栖生物群落的研究   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7  

张志南  党宏月  于子山 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(1)

本文是1990年6月至10月,对青岛湾东侧有机质污染潮间带的小型底栖动物群落的研究结果。结果指出海洋线虫与多毛类小头虫的数量消长完全一致,它们保持着共栖或互利的共生关系。共鉴定出海洋线虫20种,其中6种占总丰度的90％。依据种类组成计算的Simpsion和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数,以及线虫与桡足类、小头虫与其他多毛类的数量比值指明,该有机质污染带正向着半污染带过渡。  相似文献   

胶州湾娄山河口海域制碱白泥治理方法初探     

张婧  孙英兰 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,32(3):120-126

文章从如何解决制碱废泥—白泥的治理角度出发,分析了胶州湾娄山河口海域制碱白泥的性状及分布现状,对比国内外制碱企业对于白泥的处置方法,针对淤积多年的白泥浅滩提出三种污染治理方案,并探讨了各种方案的实施对附近海域环境的影响。研究成果可为青岛市污染治理、环境规划与管理、海洋环境保护提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Investigation of strategies to improve the recycling effectiveness of waste oil from fishing vessels     

Bin Lin  Cherng-Yuan Lin  Tain-Chyuan Jong 《Marine Policy》2007

The marine ecological environment and fishery resources can be severely polluted or destroyed by waste oil from fishing vessels if they are emitted directly into the ocean without any proper pre-treatment process. International conventions such as MARPOL 73/78 regulate waste-oil emissions and require the installation of a waste oil–water separator only for ocean-going ships of over 400 gross tons. Hence, these international conventions are not applicable to most fishing ships due to their low gross tonnages. In addition, space on most fishing vessels is too limited to allow waste-oil storage tanks or a waste oil-water separator to comply with international maritime regulations. Because a significant amount of waste oil is produced by fishing vessels around the world every day, effective strategies or measures are needed to prevent this waste oil from polluting the marine environment. This study thus investigates strategies and measures for improving the effectiveness of waste-oil collection from fishing vessels. This study found that existing procedures for the collection and treatment of waste lubricating oil on land could be applied to the management of waste oil and bilge water from fishing vessels. Sufficient oil–water separators and storage facilities for the collection of waste oil should be placed at each fishing port and shipyard. Fishermen should then be required to deliver their waste oil to these storage facilities, from where it can be transported to legal recycling companies for further treatment. In addition, fishing harbor authorities should bear definitive responsibility for monitoring the illegal dumping of waste oil and for checking the waste-oil record books of fishing vessels. Each maritime country should enforce relevant laws and regulations to reduce the emission of waste oil from fishing vessels into the ocean.  相似文献   

A Qualitative and Quantitative Study of the Marine Algae in the Saronikos Gulf (Greece)     

A. Diapoulis  S. Haritonidis 《Marine Ecology》1987,8(2):175-189

Abstract. One hundred ninety-seven macroalgal taxa, belonging to four classes, were identified at seven characteristic stations of the Saronikos Gulf.
Species diversity was higher in cleaner waters. From the outer to the inner section, the number of species and the coverage increased in Bryopsidophyceae and decreased in Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae.  相似文献   

渤海天津近岸海域水污染特征分析   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

吴光红  李万庆  郑洪起 《海洋学报》2007,29(2):143-149

渤海是一个半封闭的陆架边缘海,是受沿岸人为活动影响最为明显的海域之一[1].陆源污染物的大量排放导致渤海湾局部海域“赤潮”频繁发生,范围不断扩大,自1996年以来共发生了13次“赤潮”,多数发生在7~8月间[2],海域水体富营养化是本海区的主要环境问题[3].  相似文献   

表面活性剂在生物修复海洋油污染中的应用及发展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘爱娟  夏文香 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,(3):57-62

生物修复法是治理海洋油污染的主要途径。它通常采用投加表面活性剂,投加外源微生物以及投加氮磷营养源三种方式,其中投加表面活性剂在应用中存在较大分歧。本文从结构及其作用机理的角度重点探讨了表面活性剂尤其是生物表面活性剂在生物修复海洋油污染中的应用,指出生物表面活性剂的应用是未来主要发展方向,提出其应用方面存在的问题。  相似文献   

发生在东海近海与Elnino现象有关海洋污染若干典型个例     

何发祥 《海洋湖沼通报》1997,(1):6-12

探讨Ｅｌｎｉｎｏ不同类型赤潮成因和对湄洲湾油污现象进行一些讨论 。  相似文献   

福建省近岸港湾沉积物质量状况   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

王宪  李文权  张钒 《海洋学报》2002,24(4):127-131

福建省是我国东南沿海省份,地处台湾海峡西岸.位于23°37'～27°10'N,117°11'～120°26'E之间.海域面积为13.6×104km2.其陆岸线总长为3324km.呈东北至西南走向,海岸线曲折多弯,形成了许多天然良港.其港湾沿岸均是福建沿海地区社会经济水平较高地区,是海洋资源开发的龙头产业所在地.近年来,随着改革开放,福建省经济突飞猛进,港口建设、海水养殖等经济迅速发展,港湾的沉积物污染状况日趋变得突出.  相似文献   

Simultaneous Measurement of Hydrogen Peroxide and Fe Species (Fe(II) and Fe<Subscript>(tot)</Subscript>) in Okinawa Island Seawater: Impacts of Red Soil Pollution     

Takemitsu?ArakakiEmail author  Hiroyuki?Fujimura  Asha?Mansour?Hamdun  Kouichirou?Okada  Hiroaki?Kondo  Tamotsu?Oomori  Akira?Tanahara  Hatsuo?Taira 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(3):561-568

The northern part of Okinawa Island suffers from red soil pollution—runoff of red soil into coastal seawater—which damages coastal ecosystems and scenery. To elucidate the impacts of red soil pollution on the oxidizing power of seawater, hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) and iron species including Fe(II) and total iron (Fe_(tot), defined as the sum of Fe(II) and Fe(III)) were measured simultaneously in seawater from Taira Bay (red-soil-polluted sea) and Sesoko Island (unpolluted sea), off the northern part of Okinawa Island, Japan. We performed simultaneous measurements of HOOH and Fe(II) because the reaction between HOOH and Fe(II) forms hydroxyl radical (•OH), the most potent environmental oxidant. Gas-phase HOOH concentrations were also measured to better understand the sources of HOOH in seawater. Both HOOH and Fe(II) in seawater showed a clear diurnal variation, i.e. higher in the daytime and lower at night, while Fe_(tot) concentrations were relatively constant throughout the sampling period. Fe(II) and Fe_(tot) concentrations were approximately 58% and 19% higher in red-soil-polluted seawater than in unpolluted seawater. Gas-phase HOOH and seawater HOOH concentrations were comparable at both sampling sites, ranging from 1.4 to 5.4 ppbv in air and 30 to 160 nM in seawater. Since Fe(II) concentrations were higher in red-soil-polluted seawater while concentrations of HOOH were similar, •OH would form faster in red-soil-polluted seawater than in unpolluted seawater. Since the major scavenger of •OH, Br⁻, is expected to have similar concentrations at both sites, red-soil-polluted seawater is expected to have higher steady-state •OH concentrations.  相似文献   

长江口主航道水下底床表面形态与浅地层结构     

陈卫民  刘苍字 《海岸工程》1996,15(3):25-30

除平滑海底外，长江口主航道水下底床上还发育有沙波，沙纹、沙斑及形态规则的小型冲蚀凹坑、冲沟和疏浚沟痕等微地貌形态，基本上沿岸呈带状分布。根据声波反射原理，将航道内３０ｍ厚的地层划分为两层，并据此对长江口的现代沉积环境作了初步分析。  相似文献