Proof of concept of a novel cloud computing approach for object-based remote sensing data analysis and classification   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. R. Antunes  T. Blaschke  D. Tiede  E. S. Bias  G. A. O. P. Costa  P. N. Happ 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(4):536-553

Advances in the development of Earth observation data acquisition systems have led to the continuously growing production of remote sensing datasets, for which timely analysis has become a major challenge. In this context, distributed computing technology can provide support for efficiently handling large amounts of data. Moreover, the use of distributed computing techniques, once restricted by the availability of physical computer clusters, is currently widespread due to the increasing offer of cloud computing infrastructure services. In this work, we introduce a cloud computing approach for object-based image analysis and classification of arbitrarily large remote sensing datasets. The approach is an original combination of different distributed methods which enables exploiting machine learning methods in the creation of classification models, through the use of a web-based notebook system. A prototype of the proposed approach was implemented with the methods available in the InterCloud system integrated with the Apache Zeppelin notebook system, for collaborative data analysis and visualization. In this implementation, the Apache Zeppelin system provided the means for using the scikit-learn Python machine learning library in the design of a classification model. In this work we also evaluated the approach with an object-based image land-cover classification of a GeoEye-1 scene, using resources from a commercial cloud computing infrastructure service provided. The obtained results showed the effectiveness of the approach in efficiently handling a large data volume in a scalable way, in terms of the number of allocated computing resources.  相似文献   

光学遥感影像道路提取的方法综述     

戴激光  王杨  杜阳  朱婷婷  谢诗哲  李程程  方鑫鑫 《遥感学报》2020,24(7):804-823

道路信息在多个应用领域中发挥着基础性的作用。光学遥感影像能够以较高的空间分辨率对目标地物进行精细化解译,可大幅增强地物目标的提取能力。充分利用光学遥感影像丰富的几何纹理信息,进行道路的精确提取,已成为当前遥感学界研究的热点与前沿问题。鉴于此,本文依据近年来大量相关文献,对现有的理论与方法进行了归类与总结,通过分析不同方法采用的道路特征组合,将道路提取方法划分为模板匹配、知识驱动、面向对象和深度学习4类方法,简要介绍了道路提取普适性的评价指标并对部分方法进行了分析与评价;最后对现有光学遥感影像道路提取的发展提出了建议和展望。  相似文献   

联合局部二值模式的CNN高光谱图像分类     

魏祥坡  余旭初  张鹏强  职露  杨帆 《遥感学报》2020,24(8):1000-1009

卷积神经网络CNN（Convolutional Neural Networks）具有强大的特征提取能力,应用于高光谱图像特征提取取得了良好的效果,双通道CNN模型能够分别提取高光谱图像的光谱特征和空间特征,并实现了特征的决策级融合。局部二值模式LBP（Local Binary Patterns）是一种简单但有效的空间特征描述算子,能够减轻CNN特征提取的压力并提高分类精度。为了充分利用CNN的特征提取能力及LBP特征的判别能力,提出一种双通道CNN和LBP相结合的高光谱图像分类方法,首先,采用1维CNN（1D-CNN）模型处理原始高光谱数据提取深层光谱特征,同时采用另一个1D-CNN模型处理LBP特征数据进一步提取深层空间特征,然后,将两个CNN模型的全连接层进行连接,实现深层光谱特征和空间特征的融合,并将融合特征输入到分类层中完成分类。实验结果表明,该方法在Indian Pines数据、Pavia University数据及Salinas数据上能够分别取得98.54%、99.73%、99.56%的分类精度,甚至在有限数量的训练样本条件下也能取得较好的分类效果。  相似文献   

Mapping Rice Paddies in Complex Landscapes with Convolutional Neural Networks and Phenological Metrics     

Shuang Zhao  Chao Ding  Shuyuan Liu  Changshan Wu  Ling Wu 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2020,57(1):37-48

ABSTRACT

Rice mapping with remote sensing imagery provides an alternative means for estimating crop-yield and performing land management due to the large geographical coverage and low cost of remotely sensed data. Rice mapping in Southern China, however, is very difficult as rice paddies are patchy and fragmented, reflecting the undulating and varied topography. In addition, abandoned lands widely exist in Southern China due to rapid urbanization. Abandoned lands are easily confused with paddy fields, thereby degrading the classification accuracy of rice paddies in such complex landscape regions. To address this problem, the present study proposes an innovative method for rice mapping through combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) model and a decision tree (DT) method with phenological metrics. First, a pre-trained LeNet-5 Model using the UC Merced Dataset was developed to classify the cropland class from other land cover types, i.e. built-up, rivers, forests. Then, paddy rice field was separated from abandoned land in the cropland class using a DT model with phenological metrics derived from the time-series data of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The accuracy of the proposed classification methods was compared with three other classification techniques, namely, back propagation neural network (BPNN), original CNN, pre-trained CNN applied to HJ-1 A/B charge-coupled device (CCD) images of Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China. Results suggest that the proposed method achieved an overall accuracy of 93.56%, much higher than those of other methods. This indicates that the proposed method can efficiently accommodate the challenges of rice mapping in regions with complex landscapes.  相似文献   

协同主动学习和半监督方法的海冰图像分类   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩彦岭  赵耀  周汝雁  张云  王静  杨树瑚  洪中华 《海洋学报》2020,42(1):123-135

海冰遥感光谱影像分类中标签样本难以获取,导致海冰分类精度难以提高,但是大量包含丰富信息的未标签样本却没有得到充分利用,针对这种情况,提出一种协同主动学习和半监督学习方法用于海冰遥感图像分类。在主动学习部分,结合最优标号和次优标号、自组织映射神经网络以及增强的聚类多样性算法来选择兼具不确定性和差异性的样本参与训练;在半监督学习部分,利用直推式支持向量机,并且融合主动学习思想从大量未标签样本中选取相对可靠且包含一定信息量的样本进行迭代训练;然后协同主动学习分类结果和半监督分类结果,通过一致性验证保证所加入伪标签样本的正确性。为了验证方法的有效性,分别采用巴芬湾地区30 m分辨率的Hyperion高光谱数据(验证数据为15 m分辨率的Landsat-8数据)和辽东湾地区15 m分辨率的Landsat-8数据(验证数据为4.77 m分辨率的Google Earth数据)进行海冰分类实验。实验结果表明,相对其他传统方法,该协同分类方法可以在只有少量标签样本的情况下,充分利用大量未标签样本中包含的信息,实现快速收敛,并获得较高的分类精度(两个实验的总体精度分别为90.003%和93.288%),适用于海冰遥感图像分类。  相似文献   

Is it possible to discern Striga weed (Striga hermonthica) infestation levels in maize agro-ecological systems using in-situ spectroscopy?     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

The invasion by Striga in most cereal crop fields in Africa has posed a significant threat to food security and has caused substantial socioeconomic losses. Hyperspectral remote sensing is an effective means to discriminate plant species, providing possibilities to track such weed invasions and improve precision agriculture. However, essential baseline information using remotely sensed data is missing, specifically for the Striga weed in Africa. In this study, we investigated the spectral uniqueness of Striga compared to other co-occurring maize crops and weeds. We used the in-situ FieldSpec® Handheld 2™ analytical spectral device (ASD), hyperspectral data and their respective narrow-band indices in the visible and near infrared (VNIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) and four machine learning discriminant algorithms (i.e. random forest: RF, linear discriminant analysis: LDA, gradient boosting: GB and support vector machines: SVM) to discriminate among different levels of Striga (Striga hermonthica) infestations in maize fields in western Kenya. We also tested the utility of Sentinel-2 waveband configurations to map and discriminate Striga infestation in heterogenous cereal crop fields. The in-situ hyperspectral reflectance data were resampled to the spectral waveband configurations of Sentinel-2 using published spectral response functions. We sampled and detected seven Striga infestation classes based on three flowering Striga classes (low, moderate and high) against two background endmembers (soil and a mixture of maize and other co-occurring weeds). A guided regularized random forest (GRRF) algorithm was used to select the most relevant hyperspectral wavebands and vegetation indices (VIs) as well as for the resampled Sentinel-2 multispectral wavebands for Striga infestation discrimination. The performance of the four discriminant algorithms was compared using classification accuracy assessment metrics. We were able to positively discriminate Striga from the two background endmembers i.e. soil and co-occurring vegetation (maize and co-occurring weeds) based on the few GRRF selected hyperspectral vegetation indices and the GRRF selected resampled Sentinel-2 multispectral bands. RF outperformed all the other discriminant methods and produced the highest overall accuracy of 91% and 85%, using the hyperspectral and resampled Sentinel-2 multispectral wavebands, respectively, across the four different discriminant models tested in this study. The class with the highest detection accuracy across all the four discriminant algorithms, was the “exclusively maize and other co-occurring weeds” (>70%). The GRRF reduced the dimensionality of the hyperspectral data and selected only 9 most relevant wavebands out of 750 wavebands, 6 VIs out of 15 and 6 out of 10 resampled Sentinel-2 multispectral wavebands for discriminating among the Striga and co-occurring classes. Resampled Sentinel-2 multispectral wavebands 3 (green) and 4 (red) were the most crucial for Striga detection. The use of the most relevant hyperspectral features (i.e. wavebands and VIs) significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the overall classification accuracy and Kappa scores (±5% and ±0.2, respectively) in all the machine learning discriminant models. Our results show the potential of hyperspectral, resampled Sentinel-2 multispectral datasets and machine learning discriminant algorithms as a tool to accurately discern Striga in heterogenous maize agro-ecological systems.  相似文献   

A multi-level context-guided classification method with object-based convolutional neural network for land cover classification using very high resolution remote sensing images     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Classification of very high resolution imagery (VHRI) is challenging due to the difficulty in mining complex spatial and spectral patterns from rich image details. Various object-based Convolutional Neural Networks (OCNN) for VHRI classification have been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the redundant pixel-wise CNNs, owing to their low computational cost and fine contour-preserving. However, classification performance of OCNN is still limited by geometric distortions, insufficient feature representation, and lack of contextual guidance. In this paper, an innovative multi-level context-guided classification method with the OCNN (MLCG-OCNN) is proposed. A feature-fusing OCNN, including the object contour-preserving mask strategy with the supplement of object deformation coefficient, is developed for accurate object discrimination by learning simultaneously high-level features from independent spectral patterns, geometric characteristics, and object-level contextual information. Then pixel-level contextual guidance is used to further improve the per-object classification results. The MLCG-OCNN method is intentionally tested on two validated small image datasets with limited training samples, to assess the performance in applications of land cover classification where a trade-off between time-consumption of sample training and overall accuracy needs to be found, as it is very common in the practice. Compared with traditional benchmark methods including the patch-based per-pixel CNN (PBPP), the patch-based per-object CNN (PBPO), the pixel-wise CNN with object segmentation refinement (PO), semantic segmentation U-Net (U-NET), and DeepLabV3+(DLV3+), MLCG-OCNN method achieves remarkable classification performance (> 80 %). Compared with the state-of-the-art architecture DeepLabV3+, the MLCG-OCNN method demonstrates high computational efficiency for VHRI classification (4–5 times faster).  相似文献   

面向高光谱影像分类的生成式对抗网络     

张鹏强  刘冰  余旭初  谭熊  杨帆  周增华 《测绘通报》2020,(3):29-34

为了提高高光谱影像分类精度,提出了一种基于生成式对抗网络的高光谱影像分类方法。生成式对抗网络由生成器、判别器和分类器3部分组成,其中生成器用于模拟高光谱样本的数据分布,生成特定类别的样本;判别器是一个二值分类器,用于判断输入的样本是否为真实数据;分类器用于对输入的样本进行分类。利用反向传播算法依次更新生成器、判别器和分类器的网络参数使损失函数最小,从而达到训练网络的目的。生成器和判别器能够模拟高光谱影像的样本分布来辅助训练分类器,因此能够提高高光谱影像的分类精度。分别采用Pavia大学和Salinas高光谱数据集进行分类试验,试验结果表明提出的分类方法能够在小样本条件下提高高光谱影像的分类精度。  相似文献   

嵌入性对古村落旅游地经济可持续发展的影响机制研究——以西递、宏村为例   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

刘逸  黄凯旋  保继刚  覃杨 《地理科学》2020,40(1):128-136

以西递和宏村发展路径的演变为例,借助嵌入性概念,解释了2个古村落兴衰交替的成因和影响,揭示该类旅游目的地可持续发展的机制。结论认为,高嵌入性可以带来较稳定的社区发展模式和和谐的利益分配方式,但是对产业升级存在双重制约作用,而低嵌入性所起到的作用刚好相反,二者的权衡在于旅游漏损的多与少、学习渠道的盈与缺之间。从动态角度看,对于古村落旅游可持续发展而言,学习机制比利益分配机制更重要;当学习机制有效发挥作用,带动产业升级发展,从而带来更加丰厚的利润时,分配不均的矛盾有机会被消解。  相似文献   

Learning from data for wind-wave forecasting   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ahmadreza Zamani  Dimitri Solomatine 《Ocean Engineering》2008,35(10):953-962

Along with existing numerical process models describing the wind-wave interaction, the relatively recent development in the area of machine learning make the so-called data-driven models more and more popular. This paper presents a number of data-driven models for wind-wave process at the Caspian Sea. The problem associated with these models is to forecast significant wave heights for several hours ahead using buoy measurements. Models are based on artificial neural network (ANN) and instance-based learning (IBL) .To capture the wind-wave relationship at measurement sites, these models use the existing past time data describing the phenomenon in question. Three feed-forward ANN models have been built for time horizon of 1, 3 and 6 h with different inputs. The relevant inputs are selected by analyzing the average mutual information (AMI). The inputs consist of priori knowledge of wind and significant wave height. The other six models are based on IBL method for the same forecast horizons. Weighted k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) and locally weighted regression (LWR) with Gaussian kernel were used. In IBL-based models, forecast is made directly by combining instances from the training data that are close (in the input space) to the new incoming input vector. These methods are applied to two sets of data at the Caspian Sea. Experiments show that the ANNs yield slightly better agreement with the measured data than IBL. ANNs can also predict extreme wave conditions better than the other existing methods.  相似文献