Quality mapping of the Ryytimaa dolomite in western Finland     

Eevaliisa Laine 《Mathematical Geology》1996,28(4):477-499

The Ryytimaa dolomite formation in western Finland is mined for fertilizing purposes in agriculture. Ordinary kriging, indicator kriging, and indicator principal components simulation were used to map the dolomite quality. The fertilizing properties depend on the relative amounts of MgO and neutralizing CaO in dolomite. Based on the chemical composition the dolomite is divided into six quality classes according to the Finnish legislation. This quality classification is only partially in accordance with the three populations inferred from the distributions of the MgO, CaO, and neutralizing CaO contents. These populations probably represent compositionally different dolomite layers, now forming complicated fold interference structures that are visible on the kriged maps. The mapping of the quality, and thus, selective mining of the dolomite deposit is possible using the quality classification based on the three populations. In contrast, selective mining of the dolomite based on the legislation is difficult—at least with techniques used in this study.  相似文献   

基于分布式模型模拟的茶树种植适宜性区划     

王丹丹  邱新法  曾燕  施国萍 《气象科学》2018,38(1):121-129

茶树种植适宜性区划研究可为浙江茶产业良好发展和优化布局提供理论依据。从气候、土壤、地形3类影响因子中选出10个因子对浙江省的茶树种植适宜性进行区划研究。其中,气候因子5个,分别为年平均气温、≥10℃活动积温、年降雨量、生长季平均相对湿度和年日照时数,这5个因子通过主成分分析筛选确定;土壤因子2个,即:土壤质地和土壤p H值;地形因子3个,即:海拔高度、坡度和坡向。考虑到浙江省地形复杂多样的实际情况,对所有气候因子采用分布式模型实现其空间分布精细化模拟。利用层次分析法确定各因子权重系数,采用加权求和法建立茶树种植综合区划评估模型。结合各种因子适宜性等级量化指标,最终获得茶树种植适宜性综合评价得分的空间分布。基于土地利用现状,屏蔽水域、城镇居民用地等不适宜种植区,将浙江分为适宜、较适宜和不适宜3个种植区。结果表明,浙江茶树种植各指标适宜性以气候适宜性最佳,地形适宜性次之,土壤适宜性最差。浙江茶树适宜区占参评面积(除去屏蔽区域)的45.51%,该区海拔、热量等自然资源充分满足茶树生长;较适宜区占47.05%,该区主要分布在平原地带或中高海拔地区;不适宜区占7.44%,主要分布在高山区,热量资源不足。  相似文献   

Testing spatial heterogeneity in geographically weighted principal components analysis     

Javier Roca-Pardiñas  Tomás R. Cotos-Yáñez  Rubén Pérez-Álvarez 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(4):676-693

We propose a method to evaluate the existence of spatial variability in the covariance structure in a geographically weighted principal components analysis (GWPCA). The method, that is extensive to locally weighted principal components analysis, is based on performing a statistical hypothesis test using the eigenvectors of the PCA scores covariance matrix. The application of the method to simulated data shows that it has a greater statistical power than the current statistical test that uses the eigenvalues of the raw data covariance matrix. Finally, the method was applied to a real problem whose objective is to find spatial distribution patterns in a set of soil pollutants. The results show the utility of GWPCA versus PCA.  相似文献   

Magnetic interpretation of two-dimensional dikes using integration-nomograms   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

?brahim Kara 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》1997,36(4):175-180

The magnetic anomaly caused by a buried dike is separated into its even and odd components, which have a simple symmetry with respect to the origin. These values are integrated up to the half-maximum abscissa for the even component, and the maximum abscissa for the odd component. The integration nomograms are generated using various values to the half-width and depth in the theoretical anomaly equations. These nomograms are used to determine the half-width and depth to the top of the dike for the field anomaly. The method also includes the determination of the index parameter (Q) and the amplitude coefficient (P). An example using theoretical data shows the effectiveness of the present method.  相似文献   

Helmert型方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式     

於宗俦 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1991,(2)

本文在概括函数模型和它的通用公式的基础上,导出了一个适用于所有平差方法的方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式,并由此给出方差分量估计的通用公式和简化的通用公式。  相似文献   

THE CALCULATION AND ANALYSIS OF SLOPE NET RADIATION IN CHINA^*     

Weng Duming  Sun Zhi''an  Shi Bing 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1991,5(2):242-251

By using the climatological calculating method for each component of slope surface net radiation proposed by the authors,calculations and analyses are done of the distribution features of slope net radiation in China with emphasis on the discussion of variations of slope net radiation in typical stations and sites with slope direction,slope,latitude and season.The distribution features of net radiation on the north and south slopes are,for the first time,mapped and discussed,revealing the great difference on the national basis,and thus acquiringa new interesting result that the negative-value area of winter net radiation on the north slope(20°)can reach Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces and middle and upper reaches of the Changjiang River.  相似文献   

Application of principal component analysis to understand variability of rainfall     

R. N. Iyengar 《Journal of Earth System Science》1991,100(2):105-126

The usefulness of principal component analysis for understanding the temporal variability of monsoon rainfall is studied. Monthly rainfall data of Karnataka, spread on 50 stations for a period of 82 years have been analysed for interseasonal and interannual variabilities. A subset of the above data comprising 10 stations from the coherent west zone of Karnataka has also been investigated to bring out statistically significant interannual signals in the southwest monsoon rainfall. Conditional probabilities are proposed for a few above normal/below normal transitions. A sample prediction exercise for June–July using such a transition probability has been found to be successful.  相似文献   

硅酸盐固溶体矿物中组分的非韵律型空间分布及其形成过程的动力学机制     

王江海  吴金平 《矿物学报》1992,(1)

本文探讨了固溶体矿物中组分非韵律型空间分布的两种局域平衡结晶动力学模型: (1) 当固相中无扩散,而熔体中完全混合时,结晶作用满足如下模型: dx/ed=(x-f)/(1-e) (2) 当固相中无扩散,而熔体中仅有扩散时,结晶作用满足如下模型:提出了非韵律型组分空间分布的成因主要归因子岩浆的非平衡结晶和结晶过程中的动力学行为。  相似文献   

Coupling bio-logging with nutritional geometry to reveal novel insights into the foraging behaviour of a plunge-diving marine predator     

Gabriel E Machovsky-Capuska  David Priddel  Philip HW Leong  Peter Jones  Nicholas Carlile  Lesley Shannon 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2016,50(3):418-432

It is widely believed that predators maximise their energy intake while foraging and consume prey that are nutritionally similar. We combined GPS data loggers, miniaturised cameras, dietary sampling and nutritional geometry to examine the nutritional variability in the prey and selected diet, and foraging performance, of the masked booby (Sula dactylatra tasmani), a wild carnivore and marine top predator. Data loggers also revealed no significant differences between sexes in the foraging performance of chick-rearing adults. Females provided more food to their chicks than the males and, regardless of the nutritional variability of prey consumed, both sexes showed similar amounts of protein and lipid in their diets. Miniaturised cameras combined with nutritional analysis of prey provided, for the first time, fine-scale detail of the amounts of macronutrients consumed in each plunge dive and the overall foraging trip. Our methodology could be considered for future studies that aim to contribute to the general understanding of the behavioural and physiological mechanisms and ecological and evolutionary significance of animal foraging (e.g. energy expenditure budgets and prey selection for self- and offspring-feeding that could lead to sex-specific foraging strategies).  相似文献   

中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)野生和养殖蟹种对池塘养殖成蟹可食率和营养品质的影响研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

何杰  吴旭干  龙晓文  赵恒亮  姜晓东  王幼鹏  成永旭 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(1):140-150

长江水系野生中华绒螯蟹(以下简称河蟹)蟹种比经过多代人工养殖的池塘群体蟹种具有更好的养殖性能,尚不清楚两种蟹种养成后成蟹的可食率及其营养品质是否存在差异。本研究采用养殖实验和生化分析方法,比较了长江水系野生和养殖蟹种经池塘养成成蟹的可食率、肥满度、常规生化成分、脂肪酸和氨基酸组成。结果显示:(1)在相似的体重条件下,野生群体成蟹的肝胰腺指数极显著高于养殖群体(P0.01),性腺指数显著低于养殖群体(P0.05),两群体间的出肉率、总可食率及肥满度无显著差异(P0.05);(2)两群体成蟹肝胰腺和性腺中的常规营养组成接近,但野生群体雄体肝胰腺和性腺中的碳水化合物含量显著高于养殖群体雄体(P0.05);无论雌体还是雄体,野生群体肌肉中的粗蛋白含量显著低于养殖群体,但野生雄体肌肉中的粗脂肪含量和雌体肌肉中的碳水化合物显著高于后者(P0.05);(3)就野生雌体脂肪酸组成而言,野生群体成蟹肝胰腺、卵巢和肌肉中的C18:1n9含量显著高于养殖群体雌体,但其C20:5n3、C22:6n3、ΣPUFA和ΣHUFA显著低于后者;就雄体而言,野生群体成蟹三种可食组织中的C18:2n6高于养殖群体,但其C20:5n3和C20:4n6低于养殖群体;整体上,肌肉中的HUFA含量显著高于肝胰腺和性腺;(4)就氨基酸组成而言,两群体雌体和雄体性腺中的氨基酸含量接近,均无显著差异,仅精巢中组氨酸和精氨酸含量存在显著差异;无论雌体还是雄体,养殖群体肌肉中的主要氨基酸和总氨基酸含量略高于野生群体,仅异亮氨酸和赖氨酸含量差异显著;此外,野生群体雄蟹肌肉中的亮氨酸、天冬氨酸、丝氨酸和组氨酸含量也显著高于养殖群体。综上,野生群体和养殖群体蟹种养成后成蟹的性腺指数和肝胰腺指数存在显著差异,但是两者总可食率和肥满度接近,整体上两群体脂肪酸组成存在较大差异,但是氨基酸组成较为接近。  相似文献