浙江嘉兴市农户宅基地退出意愿的调查与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐忠国 《上海国土资源》2013,(3)

宅基地退出是农村土地整治与建设用地减量化的重要途径。针对嘉兴市农村建设用地现状,开展了农户基本情况及退出现有宅基地意愿的实地调查。分析认为,目前影响宅基地退出的主要因素是农村住房及宅基地的补偿或安置、承包地的补偿或流转、农民社会保障等问题。为有效推进农户宅基地退出,应充分考虑农民权益并予妥善处理。  相似文献   

Effectiveness of three post‐fire rehabilitation treatments in the Colorado Front Range     

J. W. Wagenbrenner  L. H. MacDonald  D. Rough 《水文研究》2006,20(14):2989-3006

Post‐fire rehabilitation treatments are commonly implemented after high‐severity wildfires, but few data are available about the efficacy of these treatments. This study assessed post‐fire erosion rates and the effectiveness of seeding, straw mulching, and contour felling in reducing erosion after a June 2000 wildfire northwest of Loveland, Colorado. Site characteristics and sediment yields were measured on 12 burned and untreated control plots and 22 burned and treated plots from 2000 to 2003. The size of the hillslope plots ranged from 0·015 to 0·86 ha. Sediment yields varied significantly by treatment and were most closely correlated with the amount of ground cover. On the control plots the mean sediment yield declined from 6–10 Mg ha^?1 in the first two years after burning to 1·2 Mg ha^?1 in 2002 and 0·7 Mg ha^?1 in 2003. Natural regrowth caused the amount of ground cover on the control plots to increase progressively from 33% in fall 2000 to 88% in fall 2003. Seeding had no effect on either the amount of ground cover or sediment yields. Mulching reduced sediment yields by at least 95% relative to the control plots in 2001, 2002, and 2003, and the lower sediment yields are attributed to an immediate increase in the amount of ground cover in the mulched plots. The contour‐felling treatments varied considerably in the quality of installation, and sediment storage capacities ranged from 7 to 32 m³ ha^?1. The initial contour‐felling treatment did not reduce sediment yields when subjected to a very large storm event, but sediment yields were significantly reduced by a contour‐felling treatment installed after this large storm. The results indicate that contour felling may be able to store much of the sediment generated in an average year, but will not reduce sediment yields from larger storms. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

An integrated approach to coastal rehabilitation: Mangrove restoration in Sungai Haji Dorani,Malaysia     

Roslan Hashim  Babak Kamali  Noraini Mohd Tamin  Rozainah Zakaria 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

To achieve an efficient method of coastal rehabilitation, a coastal structure was applied in combination with the mangrove restoration scheme in Sungai Haji Dorani where coastal forest over-cutting associated with erosion has resulted in severe coastline retreat. Such an attempt provides the opportunity to mitigate erosion as well as improve ecological and socio-economic aspects of coastal areas, both of which are of great importance to local communities and authorities. Beach morphological changes were monitored for an eight-month period of time. The results indicate that the attempt has been successful in retaining sediment on the beach and consequently raising the elevation of the site. While the monitoring schedule is required to continue for several years to evaluate long-term performance of the rehabilitation effort, approximately 30% of the transplanted mangrove saplings' survival after eight months shows that the project was moderately successful. Since the general conditions of the selected site represent the majority of the eroded shorelines on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, the method applied in this study can be replicated as an appropriate cost-effective alternative for the same cases.  相似文献   

阿拉善高原沙漠化土地防治区划与治理对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖生春  颜长珍  田永祯  司建华  丁爱军  陈小红  韩超  滕泽宇 《中国沙漠》2019,39(5):182-192

中国深受沙漠化危害，沙漠化土地防治区划是沙漠化研究和防治的重要措施。阿拉善高原地处亚洲干旱荒漠区，是中国北方沙漠化过程发生发展较为典型的区域。随着气候变化、区域社会经济发展和国家生态文明建设多项工程的实施，阿拉善高原土地沙漠化也发生了显著的变化。根据阿拉善高原沙漠化、土地利用变化、产业发展的过程和现状，我们认为区域沙漠化土地治理重点主要包括6个方面：重点生态功能保护区、三大沙漠交汇扩展治理区、荒漠植被保护与恢复区、人工绿洲生态建设稳定区、线性交通基础设施和片状工矿综合治理区及乌兰布和沙产业示范区。在此基础上，将阿拉善高原划分为3个荒漠化土地防治亚区和12个治理小区，并提出相应的沙漠化防治措施和治理对策。  相似文献   

Early post-release survival of stranded Cape fur seal pups at Black Rocks,Algoa Bay,South Africa     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):463-468

The small and isolated Cape fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus rookery at Black Rocks, Algoa Bay, South Africa, is an important component of the marine biota of the Addo Elephant National Park. Although little is known of the demographics of this rookery, it is believed to be declining in abundance. The pupping season for this population coincides with summer storms that often wash pups from Blacks Rocks. In the past, many that washed up on the mainland were rescued and returned to their colony. However, the necessity and value of this exercise has been questioned. The displacement of 200 pups from their rookery following a severe storm in December 2008 presented an opportunity to follow the early survival of rescued pups that were returned to Black Rocks. Tag resightings of those that were adequately tagged (n = 52) were obtained during five visits to Black Rocks over a period of 3½ months. The results indicated that about one-quarter of tagged pups survived. This is the first study to demonstrate substantial short-term survival of otariid pups following rehabilitation and return to the wild.  相似文献   

矿区生态研究的现状及发展趋势   总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13  

尹德涛  南忠仁  金成洙 《地理科学》2004,24(2):238-244

矿区是由资源、环境、经济和社会等子系统构成的复杂生态系统。从矿区生态环境问题、土地复垦与生态恢复方法、矿产资源综合利用、可持续发展、矿产资源利用规划、生态恢复技术、土壤生态环境与生物生态、矿区地球化学、矿区生态系统、矿区景观生态、法律法规和政策研究等11个方面总结了矿区生态研究的现状,提出了矿区生态研究的发展趋势。  相似文献   

Has river rehabilitation begun? Social perspectives from the Upper Hunter catchment, New South Wales, Australia     

Alexandra Spink  Kirstie Fryirs  Gary Brierley 《Geoforum》2010,41(3):399-409

Recognition of the degraded state of rivers across the world has prompted the development of management programmes which promote river repair through rehabilitation practices. Efforts to date have emphasised concerns for biophysical attributes of rivers to the relative exclusion of socio-cultural values. Ultimately, the process of river repair must move beyond this technical focus and incorporate collective societal engagement, participation and ownership. However, the inherent complexities of informing and managing this process limit the prospects that engagement will be translated into an effective and sustained practice. This qualitative case study research analyses the community’s knowledge, views and opinions regarding geomorphic river change and river works projects undertaken in the Upper Hunter catchment, New South Wales, Australia. The responses and views expressed by the participants highlight how ineffective communication and limited understanding of past river work practices has inhibited the connection and ownership between the people and their river. Essentially, historical river management was viewed as a technical process that failed to incorporate social values and aspirations, and which gave inadequate consideration to local knowledge and experience. Participants identified the need to address both diversity and commonality in vision-building and the need for greater confidence and transparency in river science and management. In light of these responses, this paper argues for the adoption of a geo-social, transdisciplinary approach to river rehabilitation.  相似文献   

四川省某硅石矿土地复垦方案   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

樊庆鹏  彭刚  胡杰 《四川地质学报》2010,30(1):65-67

长期以来,矿产资源开发留下了大量废弃地,未得到及时复垦利用,严重破坏了生态环境。为有效的保护耕地,矿区土地复垦已势在必行。露天矿山采矿废弃地土地复垦,自《土地复垦规定》发布10年来取得了长足的进步。方案以四川省某硅石矿土地复垦方案为例详细介绍了露采矿山的废弃地土地复垦从编制依据到项目实施的过程。  相似文献   

Disbond detection with piezoelectric wafer active sensors in RC structures strengthened with FRP composite overlays     

Victor?GiurgiutiuEmail author  Kent?Harries  Michael?Petrou  Joel?Bost  Josh?B.?Quattlebaum 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2003,2(2):213-223

The capability of embedded piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) to perform in-situ nondestructive evaluation (NDE) for structural health monitoring (SHM) of reinforced concrete (RC) structures strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite overlays is explored. First, the disbond detection method were developed on coupon specimens consisting of concrete blocks covered with an FRP composite layer. It was found that the prescnce of a disbond crack drastically changes the electromecbanical (E/M) impedance spectrum measured at the PWAS terminals. The spectral changes depend on the distance between the PWAS and the crack tip. Second, large scale experiments were conducted on a RC beam strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite overlay. The beam was subject to an acccleratcd fatigue load regime in a three-point bending configuration up to a total of807,415 cycles. During these fatigue tests, the CFRP overlay experienced disbonding beginning at about 500,000 cycles. The PWAS were able to detect the disbonding before it could be reliably seen by visual inspection. Good correlation between the PWAS readings and the position and extent of disbond damage was observed. These preliminary results demonstrate the potential of PWAS technology for SHM of RC structures strengthened with FRP composite ovcrlays.  相似文献   

矿区地表破坏的土地资源利用研究     

张发旺  韩占涛  侯新伟 《地理与地理信息科学》2002,18(4):51-53

该文分析矿业开发造成的地表土地资源破坏及其类型特征,阐述各种土地类型合理利用方向,总结出单一和复合两类7种模式。提出今后土地质量演化和"土壤资源库"是地表被破坏土地资源利用的关键问题和研究方向。  相似文献