Feeding Ecology of three Populations of Blennius incognitus BATH 1968 (Pisces: Teleostei: Blenniidae) during the Reproduptive Period and under Human Influence     

Alfred  Goldschmid Kurt  Kotrschal 《Marine Ecology》1981,2(1):1-14

Abstract. Samples of Blennius incognitus from three differently polluted locations on the Istrian west coast (Adriatic Sea, Yugoslavia) were collected in early July during the spawning season. The gut content was analyzed employing the occurrence and point (relative volumetric) method. This fish grazes the surface of the rocky substratum. Inhabiting small benthic animals are ingested together with algae and detritus. The diet depends on the composition and condition of the covering phytal and its inhabiting fauna. A decrease of available animal food seems to intensify grazing on the substrate. A sexual dimorphism in the feeding habit during the reproductive period exists. Females feed more on animals; males feed more on substrate and in cases also on eggs of their own species.  相似文献   

Quantitative traits correlative analysis and growth comparison among different populations of bay scallop,Argopecten irradians   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

LIU Baozhong  LIANG Yubo  LIU Xiaolin  DONG Bo  XIANG Jianhai 《海洋学报(英文版)》2004,23(3):533-540

The shell traits and weight traits are measured in cultured populations of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians. The results of regression analysis show that the regression relationships for all the traits are significant (P<0.01). The correlative coefficients between body weight, as well as tissue weight with shell length, shell height and shell width are significant (P<0.05). But the correlative coefficients between the anterior and posterior auricle length with body weight as well as tissue weight are not significant (P>0.05). The multiple regression equation is obtained to estimate live body weight and tissue weight. The above traits except anterior and posterior auricle length are used for the growth and production comparison among three cultured populations, Duncan's new multiple range procedure analysis shows that all the traits in the Lingshuiqiao (LSQ) population are much more significant than those of the other two populations (P<0.01), and there is no significant difference between the Qipanmo (  相似文献   

Effect of changes in reproductive potential on perceived productivity of three Northwest Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) stocks     

Morgan  M. Joanne; Brattey  John 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2005,62(1):65-74

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Limiting similarity, niche filtering and functional diversity in coastal lagoon fish communities     

David Mouillot  Olivier Dumay  Jean Antoine Tomasini 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,71(3-4):443-456

The fundamental idea behind the study of biodiversity patterns is the presumed connection between the shape of species assemblages and the functional ways in which they are organized, this functional organization referring to how species are related to one another, as competitors or members of a web of interactions and to how species are facing similar environmental constraints. Amongst the different facets of biodiversity, functional diversity is certainly a key for ecosystem processes in coastal areas. However, surprisingly, patterns of functional diversity have received little attention until now. After presenting a common framework linking functional diversity patterns to species coexistence theories, the aim of our study was twofold: (1) to seek assembly rules in brackish lagoon fish communities drove by functional traits. To this aim we used null models to examine the influence of two opposing forces acting on community structure: interspecific competition that might prevent the coexistence of the most similar species, and environmental filters that might result in the most similar species to coexist. (2) To seek relationships between fish functional diversity and environmental gradients, if any. Fish sampling was carried out in two coastal lagoons where stations differ considerably in terms of physicochemical parameters. Using morphological functional traits, functional diversity of fish communities was estimated using two recently published indices as well as a new proposed index. Firstly our study was not able to demonstrate a limitation of similarity in coexisting lagoon fishes due to interspecific competition. Conversely our results support the niche filtering hypothesis preventing species too dissimilar from one another to co-occur at the same station. Secondly, salinity was positively related to the functional diversity of fishes in both lagoons suggesting that within species assemblages near the channel species are less redundant than at stations far from the channel where species tend to be functionally similar (benthic and eating zooplankton).  相似文献   

Variation in the frequency of skipped spawning in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) off Newfoundland and Labrador     

Rideout  R.M.; Morgan  M.J.; Lilly  G.R. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(6):1101-1110

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Influence of environmental disturbances and reproductive strategy on genetic diversity and differentiation of Zostera marina populations on the southern coast of Korea     

Young Kyun Kim  Seung Hyeon Kim  Joo Mi Yi  Sang Rul Park  Kun‐Seop Lee 《Marine Ecology》2019,40(1)

The genetic diversity and differentiation of four Zostera marina populations along the southern coast of Korea were estimated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to determine the effects of natural and anthropogenic stresses and reproductive strategy on within‐population genetic diversity. The mean number of alleles and gene diversities, indicating population genetic diversity, was highest in the Z. marina population that was exposed to repeated environmental disturbances, and lowest in the most undisturbed population. The higher genetic diversity in the disturbed population was associated with a higher contribution of sexual reproduction to population persistence. This suggests that both the level of disturbances and the reproductive strategy for population persistence contributed significantly to population genetic diversity at the study sites. According to the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), 76% genetic variation was attributable to differences among individuals within populations. The observed genetic differentiation (F_ST = 0.241) among Z. marina populations at the study sites appeared to result from reduced meadow size, increased genetic drift, and a high incidence of asexual reproduction. Increased population genetic diversity can enhance resistance and resilience to environmental disturbances; thus, this investigation of seagrass population genetics provides valuable new insights for the conservation, management, and restoration of seagrass habitats.  相似文献   

南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉和性腺组织能量积累及其分配     

朱凯  张立川  陈新军  姚吉祥  韩飞  林东明 《热带海洋学报》2019,38(4):41-51

利用组织能量密度测定技术和残差指标分析方法, 分析了南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉组织和性腺组织的能量积累及其分配变化过程。结果显示, 胴体、尾鳍、足腕、精荚复合体、精巢等组织的能量密度值分别为21.16±1.44、21.98±1.51、21.44±1.50、20.83±1.70和21.41±1.70kJ?g ^-1。胴体和精荚复合体两组织的能量密度在不同性腺成熟度之间均存在显著性差异, 而尾鳍、足腕、精巢等3种组织的能量密度则在不同性腺成熟度之间均没有统计学差异。个体总能量积累为299.31±90.81kJ; 随着个体生长, 总能量积累呈现增加的趋势。胴体、足腕和尾鳍等肌肉组织的能量占比为95.31%~98.04%, 随着性腺发育呈现降低的趋势; 精巢和精荚复合体等性腺组织的能量总投入占比为2.63%~5.33%, 随着性腺发育呈增加的趋势, 并在Ⅴ期达到最大值。同时, 残差指标分析显示, 胴体、尾鳍、足腕等肌肉组织能量积累-胴长残差与性腺组织能量积累-胴长残差呈显著的正相关关系, 表明个体性腺发育过程中肌肉组织能量没有转化用于性腺组织的生长发育, 其生殖能量投入倾向于外源性投入。初步掌握了南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉和性腺组织能量的积累变化过程, 为深入了解它们的繁殖策略和为可持续开发利用该种类资源提供了科学基础。  相似文献   

拖网选择性对鱼类表型性状的选择作用研究          下载免费PDF全文

梁振林  孙鹏  唐衍力  黄六一  鲁泉  刘长东  刘群 《海洋与湖沼》2008,39(5):488-493

参照渔业生物学、渔业资源解析学、数量遗传学等有关理论模型，并应用数值模拟方法，对长期选择性捕捞（重点为渔具选择性）是否参与造成了渔业资源的生物学变化（体长、性成熟等）进行某些基础性探索。设计了一个具有一定体长遗传特征的模拟鱼类种群，并利用一种具有固定选择性参数的拖网对其进行长期捕捞。结果表明，多年的持续的捕捞压力使得模拟种群中鱼类体长逐渐减小，减小的幅度随开发率的增大而增大，而终止捕捞后种群的体长并没有发生恢复的迹象，说明这种变化很可能伴随种群遗传的变化，具有自然不可逆性。  相似文献   

马氏珠母贝黄壳色家系的生长、壳色分离及总抗氧化能力比较     

许濛  黄文  刘文广  潘肖兰  刘惠茹  何毛贤 《海洋科学》2020,44(1):113-121

以马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata martensii)黄壳色作为选育指标构建了黄壳家系,对其4个生长性状和黄壳色性状分离比进行了统计分析,并测定了黄壳家系中黄壳、褐壳色个体不同组织中的总抗氧化能力(TAC)。结果发现:黄壳色性状能遗传并发生分离,其分离不完全符合孟德尔遗传分离定律;褐壳色亲本不会产生黄壳色子代,推测褐壳色是纯合子;第一代黄壳家系5、7月龄贝仅壳宽值显著小于褐壳家系(P0.05),壳高、壳长、总质量差异不显著, 11月龄贝仅壳长和壳宽值显著小于褐壳家系, 14、20月龄贝的壳高、壳长、壳宽、总质量这4个生长性状均极显著小于褐壳家系(P0.01);在第一代6个黄壳家系内,黄壳、褐壳色个体的4个生长性状差异不显著;黄壳色贝在足、心、性腺中的TAC显著低于褐壳色贝(P0.05);在鳃、闭壳肌、消化腺组织中TAC高于褐壳色贝,但差异不显著。  相似文献   

Reproductive resilience of ice‐dependent Antarctic silverfish in a rapidly changing system along the Western Antarctic Peninsula          下载免费PDF全文

Mario La Mesa  Emilio Riginella  Carlotta Mazzoldi  Julian Ashford 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(2):235-245

The Western Antarctic Peninsula (wAP) is globally one of the systems most heavily impacted by climate change, notably steep declines in sea ice extent. In forage species, reproductive resilience to change is particularly important because population fluctuations are rapidly communicated through the system via trophic interactions. The reproductive traits of the ice‐dependent forage species Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarctica) from different areas along the wAP and at the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula were investigated through macroscopic and histological analyses of gonads, with the aim to assess its reproductive potential and to test for spatial differences in fecundity and spawning season. Fish samples were collected in late summer off Charcot Island, in Marguerite Bay and off Joinville Island; no fish were caught in the central wAP. Samples from Charcot Island and Marguerite Bay consisted of adults in developing gonad stage, whereas those from Joinville consisted almost exclusively of juveniles. Mean GSI was relatively low (2–3%) and similar in both sexes, as specimens were still far from being actively reproducing. Developing females exhibited two discrete, though partially overlapping modes of oocytes of different size, with vitellogenic oocytes measuring 0.5–1.0 mm. Absolute and relative fecundity ranged between 3000 and 12,000 eggs per female and between 80 and 190 eggs·g^?1, with a strong relationship between absolute fecundity and body size. These results were consistent with a single population at Charcot Island and Marguerite Bay and indicated substantial reproductive potential, which may mitigate population isolation and reductions in habitat availability but cannot ultimately offset catastrophic loss of spawning habitat linked to sea‐ice retreat.  相似文献