附加粘滞阻尼器的球形储罐减震性能研究          下载免费PDF全文

周利剑  卢召红  郭俊男  张宇 《世界地震工程》2019,35(2):057-67

球罐作为石油化工行业的重要存储容器,一旦在服役期间发生破坏,不仅将造成重大经济损失,而且易发生重大人员伤亡事故。用ADINA分析软件建立了球罐的设计模型及简化理论模型,并研究了附加粘滞阻尼器的速度指数与配置方案对球形储液罐减震的影响。利用达朗贝尔原理建立动力方程,采用非线性动力方程计算其基底剪力值,与有限元法计算结果对比分析。研究结果表明:当速度指数为0.3的时候,在地震动作用下其结构柱顶的加速度变大;当速度指数大于等于0.7时,滞回曲线明显变扁,耗能减震的效率降低到15%以下。相对于全布置方案,按方案7在布置粘滞性阻尼器,球罐基底剪力、柱顶速度、柱顶位移、拉杆应力及拉杆拉力的控制上,效果能达到全布置方案的60%以上,在波高的控制上能达到70%以上。有限元验算与计算结果较为吻合,可为后续的研究应用提供参考依据。粘滞阻尼器有助于球罐结构减震,但粘滞阻尼器的参数和配置方案应综合考虑工程的实际情况而定。  相似文献   

核电结构PCS水箱液动压力分析等效模型          下载免费PDF全文

雷墉  李小军  宋辰宁  张慧颖  李再先 《地震工程学报》2017,39(5):890-897,906

中国核电厂抗震设计规范推荐采用的Housner模型不适用于复杂形状核电储液结构的流固耦合分析。对于AP1000和CAP1400核电站屏蔽厂房顶部非能动安全壳冷却系统重力水箱(简称PCS水箱),基于圆柱形水箱的Housner等效质量-弹簧模型,通过引入水箱体积修正参数,提出PCS水箱的三维等效质量-弹簧模型。采用有限元软件ADINA建立水箱结构流固耦合整体有限元模型以进行模态分析,计算分析PCS水箱和对应环形水箱在不同尺寸和液体深度条件下的液体晃动自振特性。对比整体有限元模型与三维等效质量-弹簧模型计算结果发现,提出的PCS水箱三维等效质量-弹簧模型能给出其内液体晃动各阶振型的液动压力合理估计值,适用于具有复杂形状的PCS水箱液动压力分析。本文的等效模型方法可推广应用于其他复杂形状水箱的液动压力分析。  相似文献   

Application of tank,NAM, ARMA and neural network models to flood forecasting     

Tawatchai Tingsanchali  Mahesh Raj Gautam 《水文研究》2000,14(14):2473-2487

Two lumped conceptual hydrological models, namely tank and NAM and a neural network model are applied to flood forecasting in two river basins in Thailand, the Wichianburi on the Pasak River and the Tha Wang Pha on the Nan River using the flood forecasting procedure developed in this study. The tank and NAM models were calibrated and verified and found to give similar results. The results were found to improve significantly by coupling stochastic and deterministic models (tank and NAM) for updating forecast output. The neural network (NN) model was compared with the tank and NAM models. The NN model does not require knowledge of catchment characteristics and internal hydrological processes. The training process or calibration is relatively simple and less time consuming compared with the extensive calibration effort required by the tank and NAM models. The NN model gives good forecasts based on available rainfall, evaporation and runoff data. The black‐box nature of the NN model and the need for selecting parameters based on trial and error or rule‐of‐thumb, however, characterizes its inherent weakness. The performance of the three models was evaluated statistically. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Tuned liquid dampers for controlling earthquake response of structures     

Pradipta Banerji  Mohan Murudi  Arvind H. Shah  Neil Popplewell 《地震工程与结构动力学》2000,29(5):587-602

Numerical simulations of a single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) structure, rigidly supporting a tuned liquid damper (TLD) and subjected to both real and artificially generated earthquake ground motions, show that a properly designed TLD can significantly reduce the structure's response to these motions. The TLD is a rigid, rectangular tank with shallow water in it. Its fundamental linear sloshing frequency is tuned to the structure's natural frequency. The TLD is more effective in reducing structural response as the ground excitation level increases. This is because it then dissipates more energy due to sloshing and wave breaking. A larger water‐depth to tank‐length ratio than previous studies suggested, which still falls within the constraint of shallow water theory, is shown to be more suitable for excitation levels expected in strong earthquake motions. A larger water‐mass to structure‐mass ratio is shown to be required for a TLD to remain equally effective as structural damping increases. Furthermore, the reduction in response is seen to be fairly insensitive to the bandwidth of the ground motion but is dependent on the structure's natural frequency relative to the significant ground frequencies. Finally, a practical approach is suggested for the design of a TLD to control earthquake response. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Assessment of seasonal sedimentation in rain-fed irrigation reservoirs by a hillslope erosion modeling approach     

Weerakoon S. B. 《山地科学学报》2005,2(3):225-232

A distributed hillslope model is presented for the computation of seasonal sediment loads flowing into the rain-fed irrigation reservoirs （tanks） from the mountainous catchments in Sri Lanka. The model is based on the subdivision of the catchment into hillslopes and application of a sediment transport capacity equation at hillslope scale and computation of sediment loads transported to the tanks. Coarse and fine sediment loads due to hourly excess rainfall during a season are separately estimated. The model depends on fewer parameters and can be easily calibrated for a tank. The model calibration only requires measurements of coarse and fine sediment loads transported into the tank due to several rainfalls of different intensities from a representative subcatchment of the tank. Coarse sediment loads are measured by using a sediment trap installed across an ephemeral stream draining the subcatchment. Fine sediment loads are obtained by measuring the discharge and accompanied sediment concentrations over the sediment trap. The model is calibrated, verified and applied for an irrigation tank in Sri Lanka to estimate the seasonal sedimentation loads.  相似文献   

A set of canonical problems in sloshing, Part I: Pressure field in forced roll—comparison between experimental results and SPH   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L. Delorme  A. Colagrossi  R. Zamora-Rodríguez 《Ocean Engineering》2009,36(2):168-956

In this article, impact pressure in the case of shallow water sloshing is investigated experimentally and numerically for forced rolling motion. The maximum values of impact pressures have been found for a frequency lower than the first sloshing frequency. Experimental results are compared with numerical ones obtained using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The influence of viscosity and of density re-initialization on the SPH results are discussed. A new method for calculating the pressure on walls with SPH is presented.  相似文献   

基于Level-set法和通度概念液体晃荡特性研究     

方智勇  朱仁庆  杨松林 《海洋工程》2007,25(2):91-97

液体晃荡现象在诸多工程领域具有深刻的研究意义,并引起了广泛的关注。基于Level-set方法,借助流场通度的概念,模拟了流场内具有障碍物的液体晃荡现象。选取不同形式的防晃结构分析研究对晃荡的抑制效果,得到几点关于防晃结构的设计与选择的重要结论。计算结果表明,通度系数法与Level-set方法的结合使用,能够有效地处理流场内带有障碍物的液体晃荡问题,该方法具有一定的可行性和应用前景。  相似文献   

一个二维数值波浪水槽的改进   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

何海伦  陈利琴  宋金宝 《海洋科学》2007,31(3):46-53

对Drimer,Agnon及Segre研发的数值波浪水槽(简称DAS),首先通过修正DAS中某些积分计算的错误,建立了第一个修正模型(MDAS1),使得模型更加准确稳定。其次,将DAS模型自由表面线性元近似替换为更为合理准确的三阶元近似,建立了第二个修正模型(MDAS2),使得模型计算的波面更合理可靠。平底水槽中波群的生成及传播算例表明:与DAS结果相比,MDAS1对波面没有显著影响,而采用三阶元的MDAS2对波面有显著影响。与Hansen和Svendsen的实测资料相比较证实了两个修正模型的有效性。  相似文献   

数值水槽内的阻尼消波和波浪变形计算   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8  

孙大鹏  李玉成 《海洋工程》2000,18(2):46-50

采用时域内对波面运动位置追踪的边界元方法,建立了一种非线性波浪变形计算的三维数值模式,并借助Spongelayer阻尼消波和Sommerfeld放射条件相匹配的处理方式,开发了一条三维非线性波的数值造波水槽,进而对水槽内的Stokes波进行了波浪变形计算。  相似文献   

Dynamic model for oil slick dispersion into a water column—A wind-driven wave tank experiment     

Lu Xiankun  Li Jing  Chen Shuzhu 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1993,11(2):161-170

A dynamic experiment for oil dispersion into a water column was performed with a 21 m long, 0.5 m wide, and 1 m high wind-driven wave tank. At wind velocity between 6–12 m/s and with the oil slick kept constant (about 1 μm), the rate of the oil content increase in the water column could be approximated from the difference between the dispersion rate (R) of the oil slick and the coagulation rate (R′) of the dispersed oil slick. Assuming the coagulation rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the water dispersed oil slick (i. e.R′-K ^*C), the integral form of the dynamic model can be expressed asC=R ^* [1−exp(−K ^*t)]/K and parametersR andK can be regressed with a computer. The relative deviation of model results from the experimental data was mainly less than 10%. The oil slick dispersion rate (R) had exponential relationship with the wind velocity (U), and can be fitted with a formulaR=A ^* (U+1) ^B . The fitted constant of the coagulation rate,K(0.8–3.0^* 10⁻³ min⁻¹) did not have significant relationship with the wind velocity.  相似文献