GlobeLand30产品精度抽样测试与分析     

赵爽  修田雨  蔡国印  王荣华 《地理信息世界》2017,24(1)

GlobeLand30的发布为全球生态系统评价、环境规划、气候变化等研究提供了高分辨率的基础地表覆盖数据。以Landsat TM影像轨道号/行号分别为123/032所对应的区域为研究区,通过目视解译的方式在原始影像上选取地表覆盖类型作为地面参考数据,对2000和2010年两期的GlobeLand30的地表覆盖类型中的人造地表、农田、林地和水体进行了精度评定,并对比了两期产品数据的精度。此外,为了突出GlobeLand30产品的错分误差及其易于混淆的地物,以面的形式对产品的用户精度进行了计算和比较。研究表明,研究区内GlobeLand30数据具备很好的精度,与2010年数据相比,无论是总体精度,还是Kappa系数,2000年的产品其精度更高。本成果可以为研究区内GlobeLand30产品的使用提供参考。  相似文献   

基于球面退化四叉树格网的GlobeLand30数据表达及精度分析     

朱思坤  赵学胜 《地理信息世界》2017,24(4)

Globe Land30为我国研制的世界上首套全球30 m地表覆盖数据集。该数据采用传统的通用横轴墨卡托投影(UTM)组织数据。为了解决地图投影给全球性问题带来的空间数据断裂及几何变形等问题,本文以球面退化四叉树格网(DQG)为基础,构建一种Globe Land30的全球连续表达模型;并选择相应的精度评价指标,对基于DQG模型表达的几何变形、数据误差的空间位置分布及定量化进行研究。结果表明:基于DQG模型既能保证Globe Land30数据表达的全球连续性,又能保持原有的数据精度,为Globe Land30在全球空间数据的可视化连续表达与深度分析提供了基础。  相似文献   

New insights on the origin of troctolites from the breakaway area of the Godzilla Megamullion (Parece Vela back‐arc basin): The role of melt‐mantle interaction on the composition of the lower crust          下载免费PDF全文

Alessio Sanfilippo  Henry J. B. Dick  Yasuhiko Ohara  Massimo Tiepolo 《Island Arc》2016,25(3):220-234

The troctolites and olivine‐gabbros from the Dive 6 K‐1147 represent the most primitive gabbroic rocks collected at the Godzilla Megamullion, a giant oceanic core complex formed at an extinct spreading segment of the Parece Vela back‐arc basin (Philippine Sea). Previous investigations have shown that these rocks have textural and major elements mineral compositions consistent with a formation through multistage interaction between mantle‐derived melts and a pre‐existing ultramafic matrix. New investigations on trace element mineral compositions basically agree with this hypothesis. Clinopyroxenes and plagioclase have incompatible element signatures similar to that of typical‐MORB. However, the clinopyroxenes show very high Cr contents (similar to those of mantle clinopyroxene) and rim having sharply higher Zr/REE ratios with respect to the core. These features are in contrast with an evolution constrained by fractional crystallization processes, and suggest that the clinopyroxene compositions are controlled by melt‐rock interaction processes. The plagioclase anorthite versus clinopyroxene Mg#[Mg/(Mg + Fe^Tot)] correlation of the Dive 6 K‐1147 rocks shows a trend much steeper than those depicted by other oceanic gabbroic sections. Using a thermodynamic model, we show that this trend is reproducible by fractionation of melts assimilating 1 g of mantle peridotite per 1 °C of cooling. This model predicts the early crystallization of high Mg# clinopyroxene, consistent with our petrological observation. The melt‐peridotite interaction process produces Na‐rich melts causing the crystallization of plagioclase with low anorthite component, typically characterizing the evolved gabbros from Godzilla Megamullion.  相似文献   

Silicate‐oxide mineral chemistry of mafic–ultramafic rocks as an indicator of the roots of an island arc: The Chilas Complex,Kohistan (Pakistan)          下载免费PDF全文

Rubina Bilqees  M. Qasim Jan  M. Asif Khan  Brian F. Windley 《Island Arc》2016,25(1):4-27

The Chilas Complex is a major lower crustal component of the Cretaceous Kohistan island arc and one of the largest exposed slices of arc magma chamber in the world. Covering more than 8000 km², it reaches a current tectonic width of around 40 km. It was emplaced at 85 Ma during rifting of the arc soon after the collision of the arc with the Karakoram plate. Over 85% of the Complex comprises homogeneous, olivine‐free gabbronorite and subordinate orthopyroxene–quartz diorite association (MGNA), which contains bodies of up to 30 km² of ultramafic–mafic–anorthositic association (UMAA) rocks. Primary cumulate textures, igneous layering, and sedimentary structures are well preserved in layered parts of the UMAA in spite of pervasive granulite facies metamorphism. Mineral analyses show that the UMAA is characterized by more magnesian and more aluminous pyroxene and more calcic plagioclase than those in the MGNA. High modal abundances of orthopyroxene, magnetite and ilmenite (in MGNA), general Mg–Fe–Al spatial variations, and an MFA plot of whole‐rock analyses suggest a calc‐alkaline origin for the Complex. Projection of the pyroxene compositions on the Wo–En–Fs face is akin to those of pyroxenes from island arcs gabbros. The presence of highly calcic plagioclase and hornblende in UMAA is indicative of hydrous parental arc magma. The complex may be a product of two‐stage partial melting of a rising mantle diaper. The MGNA rocks represent the earlier phase melting, whereas the UMAA magma resulted from the melting of the same source depleted by the extraction of the earlier melt phase. Some of the massive peridotites in the UMAA may either be cumulates or represent metasomatized and remobilized upper mantle. The Chilas Complex shows similarities with many other (supra)subduction‐related mafic–ultramafic complexes worldwide.  相似文献   

The Godzilla Megamullion,the largest oceanic core complex on the earth: a historical review   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Yasuhiko Ohara 《Island Arc》2016,25(3):193-208

The Godzilla Megamullion is the largest known oceanic core complex (OCC) on the Earth, located in the Parece Vela Basin in the Philippine Sea. In this article, the history of Godzilla Megamullion study is reviewed for the first time, dividing it into three major phases: (i) the early studies done before Japan's extended continental shelf survey program; (ii) the studies during Japan's extended continental shelf survey program that discovered the OCC; and (iii) the studies by the post‐discovery cruises. The early studies included an interpretation of US nautical chart of the southwestern Pacific and the site surveys for Deep Sea Drilling Project cruises (DSDP Legs 6, 31 and 59). The early studies recognized the presence of the Parece Vela Rift, the extinct spreading axis of the Parece Vela Basin, and established the currently accepted model that the Philippine Sea evolved with eastward progression of backarc spreading and arc migration. The modern understanding of the Parece Vela Basin comes from Japan's extended continental shelf survey program. The program revealed the ultramafic petrology as well as a two‐stage evolution model of the basin. Following these results, the discovery of the Godzilla Megamullion was made in 2001. The studies by the post‐discovery cruises further revealed important characteristics of the OCC, such as the presence of abundant plagioclase‐bearing peridotite and the systematic temporal changes in both deformation microstructures and composition of plagioclase and amphibole in gabbroic mylonites and ultramylonites. Zircon U–Pb ages of gabboric and leucocratic rocks indicate that the terminal phase of Parece Vela Basin spreading was with a significant decline in spreading rate and asymmetry accompanying formation of the Godzilla Megamullion. The estimated denudation rate of the OCC was approximately 2.5 cm/yr; significantly slower than the previous estimate based on poorly constrained magnetic data.  相似文献   

Genetic algorithm for fitting a mixed Bingham distribution to 3D orientations: a tool for the statistical and paleostress analyses of fracture orientations          下载免费PDF全文

Atsushi Yamaji 《Island Arc》2016,25(1):72-83

The clustering of fracture orientations is important for tectonic studies and for geotechnical engineering. In this study, a real‐coded genetic algorithm was adopted to fitting a mixed Bingham distribution to orientation data by maximizing the log‐likelihood function of the distribution. The maximization is a difficult problem, because the function has multimodality and singularity. It was found that the algorithm was effective for this problem. Given the orientations of dilational fractures, the present method determines not only the stress axes and stress ratio of each of the fracture groups but also the maximum non‐dimensionalized fluid pressure at the time of their formation. In addition, the software calculates the 95 % error ellipses of the concentration axes. The present method found that the orientations of ore veins of the Akenobe Mine, SW Japan, should be partitioned into three clusters. It is shown that two of the groups had distinctive Zn and Sn contents, and that the ore fluids had overpressures only slightly greater than the minimum principal stress at the time of the deposition of Zn‐ and Sn‐rich veins.  相似文献   

A new Lower Triassic (Induan) Jerus Limestone locality in northwest Pahang,Peninsular Malaysia: Conodont fauna,depositional and tectonic settings          下载免费PDF全文

Ian Metcalfe 《Island Arc》2016,25(2):126-136

Limestones exposed north of Raub, Pahang, Malaysia, and sandwiched between the Bentong‐Raub Suture Zone and the westernmost margin of the Sukhothai Arc terrane, yield a late Dienerian (late Induan) conodont fauna. The co‐occurrence of Neospathodus dieneri Sweet (morphotypes 1, 2 and 3) and Neospathodus pakistanensis Sweet represents the Neospathodus dieneri morphotype 3 sub‐zone of the Neospathodus dieneri Zone. The sampled limestones are interpreted as the northwards extension of the Jerus Limestone which crops out near Cheroh and Jerus villages, significantly extending the known outcrop of the Jerus Limestone northwards. The Jerus Limestone is interpreted as hemipelagic and formed in a foredeep or forearc setting on top of the accretionary complex formed by eastwards subduction of the Palaeo‐Tethys during the Lower to Middle Triassic.  相似文献   

Isolated Archosaur teeth from the green sandstone capping the Coralline Limestone (Bagh Group) of the Narmada valley: Evidence for the presence of pre‐Late to Late Maastrichtian abelisaurids in India          下载免费PDF全文

Guntupalli V.R. Prasad  Vishal Verma  Pooja Grover  Rajkumari Priyadarshini  Ashok Sahni  Ranjit S. Lourembam 《Island Arc》2016,25(6):410-420

Recent field prospecting in the Cretaceous sequences of the lower Narmada valley has led to the discovery of three isolated archosaur teeth from the upper part of marine Cretaceous rocks of the Bagh Group. The specimens were recovered by surface prospecting from an oyster‐bearing green sandstone bed occurring at the top of the Coralline Limestone (Coniacian) from a site near Phutibawri village, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India. Of the three teeth recovered from this horizon, two are identified with abelisaurid dinosaurs and the third one with an indeterminate crocodile. The abelisaurid teeth conform to the premaxillary and maxillary tooth morphology of Majungasaurus and Indosuchus. Earlier reports of abelisaurid dinosaurs from India are from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Group of Jabalpur, Pisdura (Central India) and Balasinor (Western India) and Upper Cretaceous (Late Maastrichtian) Kallamedu Formation (South India). As no associated age diagnostic fossils are found, the specimens described here are considered to represent pre‐Late to Late Maastrichtian age based on the known ages of the underlying and overlying formations. The new finds, therefore, document stratigraphically the oldest occurrence of abelisaurid dinosaurs known from the Indian subcontinent.  相似文献   

花岗岩残积土填料路用工程特性室内试验研究     

尹松  孔令伟  杨爱武  穆坤 《岩土力学》2016,37(Z2):287-293

为了研究花岗岩残积土的路用工程特性,通过击实试验、承载比CBR试验、固结试验以及室内基床系数试验分析了该类材料压实性能及基本力学特性,对压实度为92%的最优含水率和饱和压实土样进行了循环加载试验,研究了动力荷载作用下土体的变形特性。结果表明,花岗岩残积土在K为91%～97%时压实功效率较高,提高压实度对于增强土体局部抗变形能力较为有效;采用室内三轴法得到的基床系数K30值为188.25 MPa/m;最优含水率下花岗岩残积土动力变形稳定性较好,但含水率增加会大幅度增加土体塑性变形,降低土的动弹性模量,不利于变形稳定。所以作为路堤填料,应考虑作为受气候与动荷载影响较小的下路堤备用填料,作为铁路路堤本体及公路上、下路路床填料,应在进行土性改良且满足要求的论证基础上取舍。研究成果可为花岗岩残积土填料的工程应用及土体改良提供技术参考。  相似文献   

TS30全站仪对不同反射目标测距精度的测试     

贾真  邢志鹏  王志坚 《北京测绘》2013,(6):46-49

为TS30全站仪配置不同的反射目标：GPR1标准棱镜、GPH1P精密棱镜、Leica 1.5”RRR反射球、Leica 40mm×40mm反射片、柯达灰板[1].在室内30m的范围内将全站仪与激光干涉仪比测,测试TS30全站仪在近距离上对不同反射目标的测距精度,希望能给相关人员提供一些参考.  相似文献