排序方式： 共有65条查询结果，搜索用时 46 毫秒
41.
Stefania Espa Isabella Bordi Thomas Frisius Klaus Fraedrich Antonio Cenedese Alfonso Sutera 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(6):557-573
The problem of zonal jet formation and cyclone–anticyclone asymmetry in decaying rotating turbulence is addressed using both laboratory experiments and numerical simulations with a high-resolution shallow water model in a spherical geometry. Experiments are performed at different Rossby and Froude numbers and applying a rigid wall as meridional boundary in the numerical scheme to mimic the experimental apparatus. The formation of a zonally banded flow pattern, i.e. meridionally confined easterly/westerly jets, has observed; both experimental and numerical results confirmed that this tendency is favoured by high-planetary vorticity gradients. Also, in the experiments characterized by large rotation speeds and small Rossby deformation radius, an initial symmetric distribution of relative vorticity is found to evolve towards a dominance of anticyclonic structures, indicating a breaking of the cyclone–anticyclone symmetry. This aspect has deepened by numerically analysing the sensitivity of the temporal variations of the asymmetry index with respect to the position of the meridional confinement as well as the effect of relaxing the divergence of the fluid (i.e. non-divergent case) to zero. Results suggested that experiments characterized by the higher rotation speed and the lower fluid thickness are better reproduced by a divergent model with a high-latitude meridional boundary. 相似文献
42.
John P. Boyd 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(2-4):163-182
Abstract The vortex pair known as a modon is a classical solitary wave in the sense that it decays exponentially with distance from the center of the wave whenever the modon's phase speed of the wave is outside the linear range. In contrast, when ?1 < c < 0, the modon “far field” is oscillatory so that the modon is “nonlocal” in the sense that it has nonzero amplitude even at arbitrarily far distances from the vortex maximum. However, Tribbia and Verkley have independently noted that the oscillatory far field may be very weak for some parameter ranges. 相似文献
43.
44.
内切葡聚糖酶是一种重要的纤维素酶,在纤维素水解过程中起到重要作用。本实验利用RT-PCR和cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)克隆获得了太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)内切葡聚糖酶基因,并对其基因结构和系统进化进行了分析。内切葡聚糖酶cDNA全长802bp,开放阅读框架630bp,编码209个氨基酸。基因组DNA全长505 6bp,含有两段内含子长度分别为205 3和231 3bp。cDNA具有与已发现的内切葡聚糖酶基因相同的保守区结构和功能域,并且与其他已知贝类的内切葡聚糖酶有较高的同源性。利用RT-PCR方法研究了该基因在太平洋牡蛎消化腺、外套膜、鳃、肌肉、性腺和唇瓣组织中的表达,发现内切葡聚糖酶基因仅在消化腺中表达,而在其他组织中没有表达。 相似文献
45.
Algal biotechnology has advanced greatly in the past three decades. Many microalgae are now cultivated to produce bioactive substances. Odontella aurita is a marine diatom industrially cultured in outdoor open ponds and used for human nutrition. For the first time, we have systematically investigated the effects of culture conditions in cylindrical glass columns and fiat-plate photobioreactors, including nutrients （nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur）, light intensity and light path, on O. aurita cell growth and biochemical composition （protein, carbohydrate, β-1,3-glucan, lipids, and ash）. The optimal medium for photoautotrophic cultivation of O. aurita contained 17.65 mmol/L nitrogen, 1.09 mmol/L phosphorus, 0.42 mmol/L silicon, and 24.51 mmol/L sulfur, yielding a maximum biomass production of 6.1-6.8 g/L and 6.7-7.8 g/L under low and high light, respectively. Scale-up experiments were conducted with fiat-plate photobioreactors using different light-paths, indicating that a short light path was more suitable for biomass production of O. aurita. Analyses of biochemical composition showed that protein content decreased while carbohydrate （mainly composed of 15-1,3-glucan） increased remarkably to about 50% of dry weight during the entire culture period. The highest lipid content （19.7% of dry weight） was obtained under 0.11 mmol/L silicon and high light conditions at harvest time. Fatty acid profiles revealed that 80% were Cx4, C~6, and C20, while arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA） accounted for 1.6%-5.6% and 9%-20% of total fatty acids, respectively. High biomass production and characteristic biochemical composition profiles make O. aurita a promising microalga for the production ofbioactive components, such as EPA and D-1,3-glucan. 相似文献
46.
为了探讨中国鲎N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(EC3.2.1.52,NAGase)活性的必需基团,采用了化学修饰法进行研究,分别以甲醛、乙酸酐、三硝基苯磺酸、对氯汞苯甲酸、苯甲基磺酰氟、二巯基苏糖醇、乙酰丙酮、溴代乙酸、碘代乙酸、N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺等10种修饰剂,在特定环境中对中国鲎NAGase进行化学修饰。结果表明:中国鲎NAGase中赖氨酸的ε-氨基、组氨酸的咪唑基、色氨酸的吲哚基和丝氨酸的羟基经修饰后,酶活力几近丧失,这些氨基酸基团为酶活性的必需基团,且可能处于酶的活性部位;半胱氨酸的巯基经修饰后不完全失活,说明半胱氨酸的巯基是NAGase催化活性所必需的,但可能不处于酶的活性部位;酶的二硫键被修饰后,酶活力明显下降,说明二硫键在维系NAGase的三维空间构象中起重要作用;而精氨酸的胍基经修饰后酶的活性基本不变,因此,精氨酸不是NAGase的必需基团。 相似文献
47.
17β-羟类固醇脱氢酶8(17β-HSD8)广泛分布在脊椎动物体内的多种组织中,调节类固醇激素代谢和脂肪酸代谢。本文采用荧光定量RT-PCR和原位杂交技术,对栉孔扇贝胚胎和幼虫中17β-HSD8mRNA的时空表达进行了分析。研究结果表明,栉孔扇贝17β-HSD8在未受精卵中高水平表达,受精卵和卵裂期胚胎中表达量显著下降,囊胚中的表达量显著提高。提示栉孔扇贝17β-HSD8是一个母源表达的基因,其合子基因在囊胚时期开始表达。原位杂交结果显示,17β-HSD8mRNA阳性信号在各发育阶段的胚胎和担轮幼虫中均匀分布,在D形幼虫中主要定位在内脏团附近,提示17β-HSD8可能参与起始器官发生。 相似文献
48.
49.
基于WRF模式的暴雨天气过程的数值模拟及诊断分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用新一代中尺度数值预报模式WRF2.2和1°×1°的NCEP气象再分析资料,对2009年9月17日发生在江苏南部地区覆盖沪宁高速公路的一次大暴雨天气过程进行了数值模拟。经AWMS（the automatic weather monitoring system）实测数据验证,此次天气过程的模拟效果较为理想。对模式输出的物理量进行诊断分析后发现：长江中下游地区的β中尺度低涡的发展、移动对暴雨过程中降水的加强和维持起着重要的作用;水汽辐合带在500hPa以下非常显著,在暴雨区形成了深厚的高湿环境,为暴雨的产生、加强和维系提供了重要的水汽条件;暴雨区内前期及降水过程中都存在较为强烈的垂直运动,且涡度场与散度场在垂直结构配置上一致,使得大气层结不稳定能量释放,形成了旺盛的对流天气;对流层中上层大气为中性层结,低层为位势不稳定,所以整层大气有对流发展,有利于暴雨的形成。 相似文献
50.
Can pharmaceuticals interfere with the synthesis of active androgens in male fish? An in vitro study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The in vitro interference of fibrate (gemfibrozil, clofibrate, clofibric acid), anti-inflammatory (ibuprofen, diclofenac), and anti-depressive (fluoxetine, fluvoxamine) drugs with key enzymatic activities—C17,20-lyase and CYP11β-involved in the synthesis of active androgens in gonads of male carp have been investigated. Among the tested compounds, fluvoxamine and fluoxetine were the strongest inhibitors of C17,20-lyase and CYP11β enzymes, with IC50s in the range of 321-335 μM and 244-550 μM, respectively. To our knowledge this is the first report on the interaction of pharmaceutical compounds with enzymatic systems involved in the synthesis of oxy-androgens. As oxy-androgens are known to influence spermatogenesis and stimulate reproductive behavior and secondary sexual characteristics in male fish, this work highlights the need for further investigating these endpoints when designing specific in vivo studies to assess the endocrine disruptive effect of pharmaceuticals in fish. 相似文献