渤海西北岸填海造陆的生态损失及其对海岸带可持续发展的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱高儒  许学工  王辉  李拓宇  冯喆 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(4):97-104

填海造陆已经成为全球沿海地区缓解土地短缺、促进社会发展和经济增长的重要手段。随着快速工业化和城市化过程,亚洲已经成为填海造陆的中心。从天津滨海新区到唐山曹妃甸新区,在渤海西北岸正在进行的填海工程其规模在世界上名列前茅。为了剖析海岸带发展的环境因素并促进其可持续发展,对渤海西北岸填海造陆的生态损失采取了回顾性和预测性评价,从生态系统服务角度货币化计算了供给、调节、支持、文化四大类10个方面的生态损失。结果表明：2000-2010年填海造陆的生态损失为9.719亿美元,2010-2020年新增填海造陆的生态损失将达7.021亿美元,其中气体调节和水产品供应方面的损失最大。针对填海造陆可持续发展,提出相关建议,包括：在综合评估基础上的合理规划;减少填海造陆面积;优化填海区土地结构;采用“低影响”开发模式填海;采用生态补偿机制,等。  相似文献   

基于高光谱遥感的渤海海冰厚度半经验模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁帅  顾卫  刘成玉  谢锋 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(1):80-89

Sea ice thickness is one of the most important input parameters for the prevention and mitigation of sea ice disasters and the prediction of local sea environments and climates. Estimating the sea ice thickness is currently the most important issue in the study of sea ice remote sensing. With the Bohai Sea as the study area, a semiempirical model of the sea ice thickness(SEMSIT) that can be used to estimate the thickness of first-year ice based on existing water depth estimation models and hyperspectral remote sensing data according to an optical radiative transfer process in sea ice is proposed. In the model, the absorption and scattering properties of sea ice in different bands(spectral dimension information) are utilized. An integrated attenuation coefficient at the pixel level is estimated using the height of the reflectance peak at 1 088 nm. In addition, the surface reflectance of sea ice at the pixel level is estimated using the 1 550–1 750 nm band reflectance. The model is used to estimate the sea ice thickness with Hyperion images. The first validation results suggest that the proposed model and parameterization scheme can effectively reduce the estimation error associated with the sea ice thickness that is caused by temporal and spatial heterogeneities in the integrated attenuation coefficient and sea ice surface. A practical semi-empirical model and parameterization scheme that may be feasible for the sea ice thickness estimation using hyperspectral remote sensing data are potentially provided.  相似文献   

A three-dimensional high-resolution reservoir model of the Eocene Shahejie Formation in Bohai Bay Basin,integrating stratigraphic forward modeling and geostatistics     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Reservoir characterization based on geostatistics method requires well constraints (e.g. seismic data with high quality) to predict inter-well reservoir quality that is conformed to geological laws. Nevertheless, the resolution of seismic data in multiple basins or reservoirs is not high enough to recognize the distribution of different types of sand bodies. In this paper, we propose a new method to improve the precision of reservoir characterization: reservoir modeling with the constrains of sedimentary process model and sedimentary microfacies. We employed stratigraphic forward modeling, a process-based method, to constrain the reservoir modeling in one oil-bearing interval of the third member of Eocene Shahejie Formation in J-Oilfield of Liaoxi Sag, Bohai Bay Basin.We divide reservoir modeling into two orders using different types of constrains. In the first order, we use the simulated shale model from stratigraphic forward model that is corrected by wells data as a 3D trend volume to constrain the reservoir sand-shale modeling. In the second order, different types of sedimentary microfacies in the sandy part of the model are further recognized and simulated within the constrains of sedimentary microfacies maps. Consequently, the porosity, permeability and oil saturation are modeled under the control of precise sedimentary microfacies model. The high-resolution reservoir model shows that the porosity, permeability and oil saturation of distributary channel is generally above 20%, 10md and 50%, respectively, which are much higher than that of other types of sedimentary microfacies. It can be concluded that comparing to other types of sedimentary facies, distributary channel has better physical properties and more oil accumulation in the fan-delta front and therefore is the most favorable zones for petroleum development in the research area.  相似文献   

Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation of the Suqiao buried-hill zone in Wen'an Slope,Jizhong Subbasin,Bohai Bay Basin,China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

The hydrocarbon migration and accumulation of the Suqiao deep buried-hill zone, in the Jizhong Subbasin, the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China, was investigated from the perspective of paleo-fluid evidence by using fluid inclusions, quantitative fluorescence techniques (QGF), total scanning fluorescence method (TSF) and organic geochemical analysis. Results show that the current condensate oil-gas reservoirs in the study area once were paleo-oil reservoirs. In addition, the reservoirs have experienced at least two stages of hydrocarbon charge from different sources and/or maturities. During the deposition of the Oligocene Dongying Formation (Ed), the deep Ordovician reservoirs were first charged by mature oils sourced from the lacustrine shale source rocks in the fourth member of Shahejie and Kongdian Formations (Es₄+Ek), and then adjusted at the end of Ed period subsequently by virtue of the tectonic movement. Since the deposition of the Neogene Minghuazhen Formation (Nm), the reservoirs were mainly charged by the gas that consisted of moderate to high-maturity condensate and wet gas sourced from the Es₄+Ek lacustrine shale source rocks and mature coal-derived gas sourced from the Carboniferous-Permian (C-P) coal-bearing source rocks. Meanwhile, the early charged oil was subjected to gas flushing and deasphalting by the late intrusion of gas. The widely distributed hydrocarbon inclusions, the higher QGF Index, and FOI (the frequency of oil inclusions) values in both gas-oil and water zone, are indicative of early oil charge. In addition, combined with the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions (<160 °C) and the existence of solid-bitumen bearing inclusions, significant loss of the n-alkanes with low carbon numbers, enrichments of heavier components in crude oils, and the precipitation of asphaltene in the residual pores suggest that gas flushing may have played an important role in the reservoir formation.  相似文献   

渤海不同区域沉积物古菌的多样性分析     

王炳臣  郑世玲  张洪霞  魏文超  王欧美  刘芳华 《海洋科学》2017,41(5):8-16

产甲烷古菌在滨海沉积物碳循环过程中起着重要作用。本研究以渤海不同区域沉积物为研究对象,通过T-RFLP以及室内富集培养方法,解析了渤海不同区域沉积物产甲烷菌群落结构差异,并评估其产甲烷潜力。结果表明,渤海不同区域沉积物细菌和产甲烷古菌群落结构组成存在差异,其主要优势产甲烷菌为Methanobacterium和Methanosarcina,主要优势细菌为Desulfovibrio和Thiobacillus。渤海不同区域沉积物在实验室培养条件下产甲烷量存在明显差异,表现为近岸区域沉积物产甲烷量较高。且渤海沉积物具有较高的产甲烷潜力(乙酸转换率达到46.46%),潜在甲烷排放量估计值可达1.74亿t/年。  相似文献   

石西油田石炭系潜山火山岩油藏裂缝特征与分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李虎 《地质与勘探》2017,53(6):1219-1228

裂缝的发育情况对石西油田石炭系潜山火山岩油藏的勘探开发有重要作用。综合利用区域地质、岩心、常规测井、成像测井以及生产动态等资料对研究区裂缝特征及分布规律开展综合研究。研究表明:区内裂缝类型分为构造缝、风化缝、溶蚀缝、收缩缝,其中构造缝(剪切缝)和风化缝比较发育,裂缝总体发育规模中等,宽度较大,密度小,间距大;根据成像测井解释及构造解析,认为该区裂缝分为四期,其中海西运动中、晚期为主要的成缝期;裂缝主要受岩性、岩相、构造位置以及古地貌的控制;裂缝在纵向上主要分布在石炭系顶面以下25~150m范围内,在平面上主要位于断裂带附近、潜山构造高部位以及背斜长轴方向。  相似文献   

渤海南部新生代构造发育与演化特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张晓庆  吴智平  周心怀  牛成民  李伟  任健  张婧 《大地构造与成矿学》2017,41(1):50-60

利用三维地震资料及钻井资料,在对断裂体系精细刻画的基础上,结合区域地球动力学背景,就渤海湾盆地渤海海域南部地区(包括渤南低凸起、黄河口凹陷、莱北低凸起、莱州湾凹陷)新生代的构造发育演化特征及沉积–沉降中心迁移规律进行了详细分析。研究结果表明:断裂体系存在三组优势发育方向,NNE向断裂属郯庐断裂带渤南段,可分为西、中、东三个分支带,走滑特征明显;近EW向及NE向为伸展性质的控凹、控带断裂;三组断裂相互切割,形成了渤海南部地区"东西分带、南北分块"的构造格局;古近纪具有两个沉积–沉降中心,黄河口凹陷中心受控于近EW向断裂,莱州湾凹陷的沉积中心受近EW向和NNE向断裂共同控制,至新近纪,沉积中心呈由南向北迁移的规律;渤海南部地区构造演化体现了断–拗与走滑的叠加效应,可以划分为孔店组–沙四段沉积期的初始裂陷、沙三段沉积期的伸展裂陷、沙二段–东营组沉积期的走滑–伸展和馆陶组沉积期以来的走滑–裂后拗陷四个阶段。  相似文献   

纯化油田湖相滩坝薄储层含油性差异及控制因素          下载免费PDF全文

郭晓  巨恳  戴越  袁青春 《山东国土资源》2017,33(10)

纯化油田滩坝储层岩性复杂,泥岩、砂岩和碳酸盐岩呈薄层状频繁互层,不同储层的物性差异明显。综合运用岩心、测井、扫描电镜、物性实验和生产动态等资料,对储层含油性差异及控制因素进行了研究。结果表明:研究区发育坝、砂质滩、颗粒滩、泥晶滩及浅湖泥5种微相,物源、成岩作用、沉积微相和储层厚度均对储层含油性有控制作用。优质储层在垂向上有分层性,纯上砂层组砂岩储层优于纯下砂层组碳酸盐岩储层,其中成岩作用改造作用明显,钙质胶结使砂岩物性变差,溶蚀作用使鲕粒灰岩孔渗性优于泥晶灰岩;平面上有分区性,与沉积微相密切相关,坝、砂质滩最好,颗粒滩次之,泥晶滩最差;同一相带内又受储层厚度影响,厚度越大产油越好。  相似文献   

1969年渤海7.4级地震研究述评   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苗庆杰  周翠英  马玉香  苗春兰  李霞  刘霞 《华北地震科学》2010,28(1):8-15

概述性分析了40年来渤海7.4级地震的研究成果,包括渤海地震的基本参数、地震序列特征、发震构造与震源断层、区域及深部构造背景、前兆现象以及地震烈度分布与震害等,并提出今后仍值得深入探讨的问题。  相似文献   

The behaviors and sources of dissolved arsenic and antimony in Bohai Bay     

Li-Qin Duan  Jin-Ming Song  Xue-Gang Li  Hua-Mao Yuan 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

In this paper, we determined the concentrations of antimony species (antimonite (Sb(III)), antimonate (Sb(V)) and dissolved inorganic antimony (DISb)) and arsenic, in Bohai Bay seawaters, as well as the relationships of the analytes with environmental factors such as seawater characteristics (e.g., suspended particulate material (SPM), salinity and total organic carbon (TOC)), heavy metals, nutrients and phytoplankton species, and evaluated the sources of arsenic and antimony. Dissolved arsenic and antimony concentrations in the surface waters were ranging spatially from 1.03 to 1.26 ng/ml and 0.386 to 1.075 ng/ml, with mean values of 1.18 and 0.562 ng/ml, respectively. Sb(V) as the prominent chemical species constituted about 89%. Regarding arsenic concentrations in the surface waters, there was a tendency for a small variation. However, antimony species concentrations were much variable than arsenic. The highest arsenic and antimony concentrations were found near the Haihe Estuary. These distribution patterns were controlled mainly by environmental factors, biological activities and sources. In this region, DISb and Sb(V) negatively correlated with salinity. Besides, arsenic and antimony correlated well with the nutrients, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton, implying that arsenic and antimony had been involved in biological cycling. In addition, according to our estimate, about 333.5×10⁸ mg/year of arsenic and 454.2×10⁸ mg/year of antimony reached Bohai Bay via rivers.  相似文献