热层风场的理论模拟与分析          下载免费PDF全文

雷久侯  刘立波  万卫星  栾晓莉 《地球物理学报》2003,46(6):736-742

通过求解中性大气Navier Stokes动量方程建立了一个时变的三维风场理论模式，利用目前新版的中性大气模式NRLMSISE 00及国际电离层参考模式IRI2000作为输入参数给出热层风场. 基于该模式，计算得到中等太阳活动年磁静日风场的变化形态及其受电场和离子曳力的影响. 同时，将Navier Stokes动量方程作不同形式的简化，并利用简化模式与本文的模式计算结果的对比，分析中性大气Navier Stokes动量方程中黏性项以及非线性项(U·Δ)U的作用. 结果表明，本文所建立伪三维风场模式给出的结果更为合理，而简化模式在某些地区尤其在低纬和赤道区不适用，黏性项及非线性项的作用不可忽略. 本文所建立的风场模式将对研究电离层动力学过程、电离层与热层的耦合过程以及空间天气学研究都有着重要意义.  相似文献   

Variability of NO₂ in different environments at a moderately polluted island over the southwestern Indian Ocean     

Chatrapatty Bhugwant  Jean-Luc Hoareau 《Atmospheric Research》2003,66(4):241-259

This work presents the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) measured with the help of passive diffusion tubes in different environments: rural, sub-urban, urban, at La Réunion Island in December 1997 and November 2000 (austral spring), respectively. NO₂ concentration exhibits notable enhancement from 1997 to 2000. For instance, its mean concentration was 16 and 20 μg/m³ in December 1997 and November 2000, respectively, at La Réunion Island, especially in inhabited regions due to increase of local anthropogenic activities, mainly traffic circulation, in the absence of house heating and biomass burning. We also observe a net increase of pollutant levels by a factor two in rural/remote areas within 3 years, which is tied to the extension of inhabited areas and air-flows from enhanced local sources. The increase of atmospheric pollutants is mainly due to enhancement of anthropogenic activities (traffic) since the 1990s at La Réunion Island, which results from a constant increase of population and consequently, from a higher number of vehicles in circulation. Importantly, in cities like Saint-Denis, where traffic network has been subject to notable improvement (e.g. single to double lanes, etc.), pollutant levels exhibit little variability as in temperate continental latitudes. Semi-continuous NO₂ concentration measured in parallel with ozone in November 2000 also showed that daytime photochemical ozone production is influenced by pollutant and precursor (NO₂) levels at Saint-Denis, while nighttime ozone increase is mainly tied to dynamical processes. The November 2000 ozone diurnal pattern is notably different from that observed in September 1995, during which a daytime ozone loss was observed, pointing out that atmospheric conditions have been subject to notable changes, i.e., clean to moderately polluted, within a few years at La Réunion Island. The results presented here point out that the ‘source enhancement effect’ is superimposed on dynamical and photochemical processes to influence pollutants variability and hence atmospheric chemistry, in a quite ‘pristine’ tropical oceanic region.  相似文献   

模块化模糊神经网络的数值预报产品释用预报研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

金龙  林熙  金健  李菁 《气象学报》2003,61(1):78-84

综合应用预报量自身时间序列的拓展,数值预报产品和模块化模糊神经网络方法,进行了一种新的数值预报产品释用预报研究。将这种新方法与常规的数值预报产品完全预报(PP)方法进行了对比试验。结果表明,这种模块化模糊神经网络数值预报产品释用预报方法比PP预报方法的预报精度显著提高。并且,通过对预报模型“过拟合”现象的研究发现,这种模块化模糊神经网络的数值预报产品释用预报模型具有很好的泛化性能。  相似文献   

非线性模型线性近似的容许曲率     

王新洲 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1997,(2)

由于不同的非线性模型具有不同的非线性强度，使得一些非线性模型可以线性近似，而另一些则不能。本文介绍度量非线性强度的方法，提出判断非线性模型能否线性近似的数值标准——容许曲率  相似文献   

Fast space-domain evaluation of geodetic surface integrals     

R. Lehmann 《Journal of Geodesy》1997,71(9):533-540

Geodetic surface integrals play an important role in the numerical solution of geodetic boundary-value problems. In many cases they can be evaluated using fast methods in the frequency domain (FFT). However, this is not possible in general, because the domain of integration may be non-trivial (as is the surface of the Earth), the kernel function may not be of convolution type, or the data distribution may be heterogeneous. Therefore, fast evaluation strategies are also required in the space domain. They are more difficult to design because only one property is left where a more or less fast evaluation strategy can be built upon: the potential type of the kernel function. Consequently, the idea is not to replace well-established frequency domain techniques, but to supplement them. Our approach to this problem goes in two directions: (1) we use advanced cubature methods where the integration nodes automatically densify in the vicinity of the evaluation points; (2) we use powerful computer hardware, namely MIMD computers with distributed memory. This enables us to evaluate geodetic surface integrals of any practical complexity in reasonable time and accuracy. This is shown in a numerical example. Received: 7 May 1996 / Accepted:17 March 1997  相似文献   

青藏高原冬季积雪异常对东,南亚夏季风影响的初步数值模拟研究   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

范广洲  罗四维 《高原气象》1997,16(2):140-142

利用一个耦合了简化的简单生物圈模式的大气环流谱模式（ＳＳｉＢ－ＧＣＭ），初步探讨了青藏高原冬季积雪异常对东、南亚夏季季风环流和降水的影响及其机理。结果表明，高原地区积雪增加将使随后地夏季东、南来季风明显减弱，主要表现为东、南亚季风区降水减少，索马里急流、印度季风的印度西南气流弱弱。另外，还提出欧亚大陆雪盖与整个高原雪盖和高原东部雪盖对东、南亚夏季风影响的敏感问题。与欧亚大陆雪盖相比，高原雪盖是影响  相似文献   

数值模式中长波辐射参数化方案的对比试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周锁铨  翁笃鸣 《气象科学》1997,17(2):115-124

应用一个简化的长波辐射参数方案，与郭晓岚－钱永甫模式原有长波辐射参数化方案进行了对比，分析了它们对１００ｈＰａ，３００ｈＰａ，５００ｈＰａ，７００ｈＰａ及地面的高度场、温度场、流场及气压场模拟结果的影响，发现不仅两者结果相当一致，而且与实测结果也符合很好。  相似文献   

陆面特征非均一作用参数化及其对区域气候影响的数值模拟试验   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

张耀存  钱永甫 《气象科学》1997,17(2):125-130

本文首先改进了陆地下垫面特征非均一性的次网格尺度参数化方法，然后利用三维地气耦合的区域气候模式，设计一系列值试验，研究了下垫面特征改变对区域气候环境变化的影响，主要分析了陆地表面特征变化对我国苏南附近地区夏季温度化的影响，结果表明采用地下垫面特征非均一作用的次网格尺度参数化方法对于改进数值模拟结果的质量有一定效果。  相似文献   

南海热带气旋数值预报模式与全球谱模式的嵌套试验     

万齐林  王康玲 《热带气象学报》1997,13(4):289-296

分析了各嵌套变量的作用和效果，发现采用部分变量嵌套就能取得一定效果，各变量的作用也不完全相同。这样，可以选取作用大，质量好，易处理的变量进行嵌套。并相应地提出了一个边界嵌套处理方案，应用于南海带热带气旋数值预报有限区模式（ＴＬ１０）与全球谐模式（Ｔ６３）的嵌套过程，通过数值预报试验，表明采用该嵌套处理方案能够取得良好的效果。  相似文献   

地形对大地电磁测深(MTS)资料的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

晋光文  孙洁  王继军 《地震地质》1997,19(4):76

地形影响是山区ＭＴＳ工作的主要问题之一，对此做了理论分析并用均匀半空间表面二维地形模型进行了数值模拟。结果表明，地形影响不仅与ＭＴＳ资料的种类、极化模式、场源电磁波周期及测点位置有关，而且还依赖于不同的地形形态和尺度。此外，还根据悬崖模型计算，给出了关于地形影响范围的估  相似文献