氮,磷,维生素和微量金属对赤潮生物海洋原甲藻的增殖效应   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

王正方  张庆 《海洋学研究》1996,14(3):33-38

在室内培养实验中观测了赤潮生物海洋原甲藻ＰｒｏｒｏｃｅｎｔｒｕｍｍｉｃａｎｓＥｈｒｅｎｂ对ＮＯ、ＮＨ和甘氨酸的需求。结果表明，硝酸盐的浓度从４０到３００μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３，氨盐浓度从５０到１５０μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３，甘氨酸和谷氨酸混合液浓度从４０到８０μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３皆能较好地维持海洋原甲藻的增殖。磷酸盐起着磷源作用。在ＥＤＴＡ浓度为８０μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３的培养液中，Ｆｅ３＋的浓度从０，．５到１μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３，Ｍｎ２＋从０到２０μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３和Ｃｏ２＋从０．１到０．４μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３能促使海洋原甲藻的增殖。维生素效应试验表明：维生素Ｂ１是生长促进因子，而维生素Ｂ１２和生物素在光和暗处皆未能促进海洋原甲藻的增殖。无机氮和磷的最小细胞额分别为０．７４×１０－１２ｍｏｌ／细胞和０．０４５×１０－１２ｍｏｌ／细胞，其中磷比氮更能限制海洋原甲藻的增殖。  相似文献   

东海春季赤潮过程中优势种的演替:生物-物理耦合数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

孙科  丘仲锋  何宜军  樊伟  魏泽勋 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(12):1-11

In the East China Sea(ECS), the succession of causative species responsible for blooms is a recurrent phenomenon during the spring, which changes from diatoms to dinoflagellates. Observations from space and in situ cruises captured this pattern of succession during spring of 2005. In this study, we coupled two biological models, which were developed previously for Skeletonema costatum and Prorocentrum donghaiense,into a circulation model tailored for the ECS. The coupled biophysical model was used to hindcast the blooms and to test the hypothesis proposed in earlier studies that phosphate(PO4 3–) is the first-order decider of the succession. The coupled model successfully reproduced the hydrodynamics(as described in a companion paper by Sun et al.(1), the spatiotemporal distribution of the chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration, and the species succession reasonably well. By analyzing the effects of different factors on the surface Chl a distribution, we confirmed that the offshore boundaries of the blooms were confined by PO4 3–. In addition, we suggest that surface wind fields may modulate the horizontal distribution of blooms. Thus, during the dispersal of blooms, surface winds coupled with PO4 3– may control the succession of blooms in the ECS. The proposed coupled model provides a benchmark to facilitate future improvements by including more size classes for organisms, multiple nutrient schemes, and additional processes.  相似文献   

Growth inhibition to three red tide microalgae by extracts of Ulva pertusa     

金秋董双林  王长云 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2006,24(2):147-153

1 INTRODUCTION In recent decades, red tides that induced by in- creasing eutrophication occur frequently in coastal areas worldwide. This has caused serious problems in marine environment, aquaculture industries and human health (Qi et al., 1993; Horner e…  相似文献   

The inhibitory degree between Skeletonema costatum and dinoflagllate Prorocentrum donghaiense at different concentrations of phosphate and nitrate/phosphate ratios     

Jing Cao  Jiangtao Wang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(2):153-158

Interactions between Skeletonema costatum (S. costatum) and Prorocentrum donghaiense (P. donghaiiense) were inves-tigated using bi-algal cultures at different concentrations of phosphate (PO4-P) and nitrate/phosphate (N/P) ratios. Experiments were conducted under P-limited conditions and the Lotka-Volterra mathematical model was used to simulate the growth of S. costatum and P. donghaiense in the bi-algal cultures. Both of these two species were inhibited significantly in bi-algal culture. The results of the simulation showed that the inhibitory degree of S. costaum by P. donghaiense was high when the concentration of PO4-P was low (0.1μmolL-1/2 d), but that of P. donghaiense by S. costaum was high with increased PO4-P supply (0.6μmolL-1/2 d). At low concen-tration of PO4-P (0.1μmolL-1/2 d), or high concentration of PO4-P (0.6μmolL-1/2 d) with high N/P ratio (160), the interactions be-tween S. costatum and P. donghaiense were dependent on the initial cell densities of both species. At high concentration of PO4-P (0.6μmolL-1/2 d) with low N/P ratio (25 or 80), S. costatum exhibited a survival strategy superior to that of P. donghaiense. The de-gree of inhibition of P. donghaiense by S. costaum increased with elevated N/P ratio when the medium was supplemented with con-centration 0.1μmolL-1/2 d of PO4-P. The degree of inhibition to P. donghaiense by S. costaum increased with elevated N/P ratio at low concentration of PO4-P (0.1 μmolL-1/2 d). This trend was conversed at high concentration of PO4-P (0.6μmolL-1/2 d). However, the degree of inhibition of S. costaum by P. donghaiense increased with the increased N/P ratio at different PO4-P concentrations (0.1μmolL-1/2 d and 0.6μmolL-1/2 d). These results suggested that both phosphate concentration and N/P ratio affected the competition between S. costaum and P. donghaiense: P. donghaiense is more competitive in environments with low phosphate or high N/P ratio and the influence of N/P ratio on the competition was more significant with lower phosphate concentration.  相似文献   

中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻的散射特性     

沈玉璋  毛志华  陶邦一 《海洋学研究》2013,31(1):45-52

浮游藻类是海水中的重要组成成分,对其固有光学特性的研究有助于深入了解水体光学的辐射传输。在过去的30年中,大量的研究都集中在藻类吸收特性上,缺少对其散射特性的认识。本文利用分光光度计设计了在实验室中测量含颗粒水体散射和后向散射特性的方法,并利用标准球形颗粒对该方法的可行性进行验证,结果表明,在400~700 nm范围内,散射测量结果与理论值的一致性较好,最大误差小于3%,而后向散射测量结果在蓝紫光处的一致性较好,在近红外波段处有一定误差。运用这两种测量方法对东中国海常见的赤潮藻种中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum和东海原甲藻Prorocentrum donghaiense进行测量,结果显示:中肋骨条藻与东海原甲藻的散射系数幅值相近但谱形差异较大,前者随波长增加散射强度递减,后者则相反;在色素吸收较强的波段,两者散射强度均出现与其它波长位置变化趋势相反的情况,这主要是受细胞物质物理性质的影响。两者的后向散射差异较小,但可以看出其谱形受色素吸收的影响很大,在幅值上,东海原甲藻略高于中肋骨条藻,在550 nm处分别为0.001 74,0.001 43 m²/mg(以藻类叶绿素a浓度归一化),后向散射概率分别为1.104%和0.723%。  相似文献   

东海原甲藻赤潮的垂向发展过程:生物-物理耦合数值模拟     

孙科  丘仲锋  何宜军  樊伟  魏泽勋 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(6):23-33

近年来,东海原甲藻赤潮在我国东海近岸海域频繁发生。本研究利用生物-物理耦合模型对发生于2005年的东海原甲藻赤潮进行后报模拟,并对控制其起始与发展的因素展开研究。该模型由东海原甲藻种群动力学模型与多层嵌套的水动力模型组合。通过对比模拟结果与室内实验结果,证实种群动力学模型能够很好地重现东海原甲藻在不同光照与磷营养限制条件下的生长过程,同时能够再现藻细胞内部磷含量及藻类对外部营养盐浓度的影响。耦合模型能够较好地再现模拟海域水动力（见Sun et al.,2016）与东海原甲藻赤潮的时空分布。模拟的赤潮发展过程与此前研究中的观测结果一致,且模拟结果表明模型能够捕捉到赤潮初期种群的次表层孕育现象。随后模拟结果被用于诊断决定赤潮垂直分布的决定性因素,结果表明磷酸盐是控制这一现象的关键因素。同时,表层风场在决定赤潮的分布中扮演着重要角色。模拟结果强调了营养盐限制在东海原甲藻次表层孕育及消散过程中的作用,本文所建立的耦合模型需要进一步优化并应用于其它条件下东海原甲藻赤潮的研究中。  相似文献   

溶藻细菌DH-e代谢产物对东海原甲藻的抑制作用          下载免费PDF全文

韩光耀  谢丽玲  毕潇  吴培枫  周亮  朱炎坤 《应用海洋学学报》2017,36(2):151-157

从浙江沿海地区赤潮多发区分离获得一株对东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)具有高效溶藻作用的细菌DH-e,研究该菌的溶藻作用方式和对东海原甲藻的生理功能与细胞结构的影响.结果发现其溶藻作用方式为间接溶藻,溶藻效应呈现出作用浓度和时间依赖性,作用浓度0.5%~2.0%,时间为32 h时,溶藻率均达80%以上,具有短期高效的溶藻效应;溶藻活性物质分子量小于2 k Da,具有耐低高温、强酸碱的特性;代谢产物对叶绿素a造成严重的破坏和分解,并改变胞内总糖含量,影响生理代谢活性;SEM与AO/EB双染检测发现溶藻活性物质能够破坏藻细胞膜完整性,显著改变藻细胞内部结构,造成内容物大量释放.  相似文献   

Bioavailability of dissolved organic phosphorus compounds to typical harmful dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bangqin Huang  Linjian Ou  Huasheng Hong  Haiwei Luo  Dazhi Wang 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):838

The bioavailability of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) compounds to harmful alga Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu and its alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) were studied. Results showed that P. donghaiense could utilize the test DOP compounds such as glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) to sustain its growth. Nutrition between the test DOP compounds and orthophosphate was comparable. P. donghaiense could utilize intracellular phosphorus to sustain growth under depletion of dissolved phosphorus. Variation of APA in different test DOP compounds was addressed; the controlling mechanism of APA in different DOP media was discussed.  相似文献   

Acute Toxicity of Formalin to the Red-tide Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum Schiller (Protozoa, Mastigophora)     

XU Henglong)  )  SONG Weibo)  ZHU Mingzhuang)  QIU Yantao)  and MA Honggang ) The Lab of Protozoology  KLMEM  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P.R.China ) Department of Biology  Liaocheng University  Liaocheng  P.R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(1)

1Introduction Red tides occur in recorded history,but in recentyears there is a global increase in the number of theseevents due to coastal pollution and other unclear fac-tors.Some kinds of red tides cause mass deaths of cul-tured animals and thus cause heavy economic losses forcoastwise mariculture(Nakanishi et al.,1996;Changet al.,1998;Zhu et al.,1998;Tada et al.,2001).The investigation on red tide control,however,rem-ains insufficient(Burkholder,1998;Edwards and Clark,1999).Although man…  相似文献   

东海原甲藻与塔玛亚历山大藻种群增长过程与种间竞争研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

由希华  王宗灵  郝彦菊  李瑞香  朱明远  石晓勇  喻龙 《海洋科学进展》2006,24(4):504-510

针对我国东海2种重要赤潮肇事生物东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)和塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexan-drium tamarense)进行了种群增长过程和种间竞争的实验研究。结果表明,单种培养时,不同氮磷比对东海原甲藻和亚历山大藻种群增长过程没有明显的影响,但是会影响其最终的细胞密度;在混合培养时,营养盐组成比例不同对东海原甲藻和塔玛亚历山大藻的种间竞争过程有影响,但不会影响其最后竞争结果。竞争物种的细胞起始密度对种间竞争结果有明显的影响,P.donghaiense和A.tamarense的接种细胞密度比为2 000∶100和2 000∶200时,东海原甲藻占优势;当接种细胞密度比为4 000∶400时,塔玛亚历山大藻占优势。  相似文献