东海中部夏季鱼类群落结构及其多样性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林楠  苗振清  卢占晖 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(3):42-47

根据2008年8月东海区主要渔场重要渔业资源调查资料,分析东海中部鱼类的种类组成、区系特征、多样性等群落结构特征。结果表明:共调查捕获鱼类88种,其中暖水种59种,占67.0%;暖温种29种,占33.0%。相对重要性指数(IRI)值大于500的优势种鱼类共有5种,分别为带鱼、刺鲳、小黄鱼、六斑刺鲀和鳄齿鱼;种类丰富度指数变动范围为0.10～2.31,平均为0.88;Shannon-Wiener多样度指数变动范围为0.01～1.86,平均为0.87;种类均匀度指数变动范围为0.01～0.92,平均为0.41;东海中部夏季鱼类多样性指数与往年相比有下降的趋势。  相似文献   

Nursery function of mangrove: A comparison with mudflat in terms of fish species composition and fish diet     

P. Tse  T.H.M. Nip  C.K. Wong 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Shallow soft-bottom habitats including mangroves and mudflats provide important nursery functions for juvenile fishes, but little information exists concerning the relative nursery value of these habitats for juvenile fishes. We compared the potential of a mangrove and a mudflat in a semi-enclosed bay in Hong Kong to serve as fish nurseries by measuring species composition, dietary composition, gut fullness and diet breadth of juvenile fishes. Fish abundance was higher in mangrove than mudflat, but species richness was almost similar between the two habitats. After excluding Ambassis gymnocephalus, which was found mainly in the mangrove, difference in fish abundance between the two habitats was small. The gut fullness and diet breath of most species did not differ between mangrove and mudflat, suggesting that the two habitats were very similar in terms of providing feeding opportunity for juvenile fishes. While the importance of mangrove as nursery of fishes has been repeatedly emphasized, our data suggest that other soft-bottom habitats, such as mudflats, are also important and need to be protected.  相似文献   

New species of Saurichthys (Actinopterygii: Saurichthyidae) from Middle Triassic (Anisian) of Yunnan Province, China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

WU Feixiang  SUN Yuanlin  HAO Weicheng  JIANG Dayong  XU Guanghui  SUN Zuoyu  Andrea TINTORI 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(3):440-450

Abstract: Saurichthys dawaziensis sp. nov., from the third member of the Gejiu Formation (Anisian of Middle Triassic) in the vicinity of Luoping, Yunnan Province, is a small to medium- sized saurichthyid fish. It is characterized by the efferent pseudobranchial arteries penetrating on the parasphenoid and the mandible sensory canal with a branch in the angular. The new species is more derived than the Lower Triassic species in having a relatively narrow postorbital region, short preopercular, single ossification of the sclerotic ring, small haemal arches between the pelvic fins and the anal fin without ossified spines, and in the absence of quadratojugal. It is more primitive than the Middle and Upper Triassic Saurichthys in having fringing fulcra and numerous segments in the unpaired fins, and the presence of both prae- and post-zygapophyses in the neural arches. Some anatomic changes related to the vertebral column and unpaired fins of the genus are also discussed.  相似文献   

Improved method for measuring the δ¹⁵N compound-specific amino acids: Application on mesopelagic fishes in the South China Sea     

Fuqiang Wang  Ying Wu  Lin Zhang  Jie Jin  Zuozhi Chen  Jun Zhang  Wing-man Lee 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(1):30-38

Compound-specific stable isotope analysis of individual amino acids（CSIA-AA） has been widely used in ecological and biogeochemical studies. It has been proven to be powerful in tracing the diet sources and trophic interactions. However, assessing the N sources of mesopelagic fishes has been inconclusive because the mesopelagic fishes’ unique domain（water depth ranged from 0 to 1 000 m） and unresolved nitrogen isotopes of various forms. This study proposes a new method for coupling instruments（io...  相似文献   

Fishes in Mangrove Prop-root Habitats of Northeastern Florida Bay: Distinct Assemblages across an Estuarine Gradient     

J. A. Ley  C. C. McIvor  C. L. Montague 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1999,48(6):701

Seasonal changes in freshwater inflow and other environmental conditions may induce changes in density and species composition of mangrove fishes along estuarine gradients. Fishes within mangrove habitats in a subtropical estuary were sampled monthly from May 1989 to May 1990, using block nets with rotenone and visual censuses. At 18 stations, temperature ranged from 22 to 34°C, depth from 10 to 104cm and underwater visibility from 1 to 13m. Salinity ranged from 0 to 60 upstream, and 35 to 54 mid- and downstream. A total of 573191 individuals (76 species) was observed or collected, with an average density of 6·5 fish m⁻². Engraulidae, Atherinidae, Poeciliidae and Cyprinodontidae numerically dominated the assemblage. Distinct assemblages occurred up-, mid- and downstream and maintained coherent groups in these gradient positions over the seasons. Residents totalled 94·5% of the individuals, estuarine transients comprised 5·1% and occasional marine visitors were less than 0·4%. Densities of resident fishes peaked in winter as temperatures and water levels fell, uncorrelated with changes in salinity. These observations suggest that mangrove habitats may sustain diverse and abundant fish communities dominated by euryhaline residents. Although estuarine transients were consistently rare in upstream sub-basins, downstream were found numerous sub-adults of species occurring as adults on nearby reefs (Lutjanidae, Haemulidae). Thus, reef-associated estuarine transients may be abundant in mangrove habitats having near-marine salinities. Contrary to expectations, mangrove habitats in northeastern Florida bay did not function as a nursery as defined under the nursery-ground paradigm: young-of-the-year juveniles of estuarine transient species did not seek low salinity sub-basins. However, northeastern Florida Bay may not be representative of most mangrove estuaries as the area: (1) is without lunar tides and related circulation; (2) has low and variable amounts of submersed vegetation; and (3) experiences severe hypersaline conditions.  相似文献   

3种鲟科鱼类生活史类型的研究     

叶富良  陈刚 《广东海洋大学学报》1996,(1)

根据ｒ－选择和ｋ－选择的典型特征以及通过渐近体长（Ｌ∞）、渐近体重（Ｗ∞）、生长系数（Ｋ）、初次性成熟年龄（Ｔｍ）、最大年龄（Ｔｍａｘ）、瞬时死亡率（Ｍ）和种群繁殖力（ＰＦ）等七个生态学参数值分析，可以判断３种鲟鱼类种群为典型ｋ－选择。应用平衡产量模式计算改变瞬时捕捞死亡率（Ｆ）和渔业补充年龄（Ｔｃ）时的产量变化，同样证实３种鲟科鱼类为典型的Ｋ型种群。作为渔业管理对策是严格控制捕捞强度，以保护渔业资源。  相似文献   

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF PLANKTIVOROUS FISHES IN THE ELIMINATION OF MICROCYSTIS BLOOM FROM DONGHU LAKE USING ENCLOSURE METHOD   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

谢平 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,(3)

The hypertrophic subtropic Donghu Lake's dense water bloom(of mainly Microcystis Anaabaena andOscillatoria)that occurred annually from the beginning of the 1970s, has disappeared since 1985. The infiuenceof planktivorous fishes (silver and bighead carps) on the water bloom was studied for three years usingthe enclosure method. The enclosures stocked densely with bighead and/or silver carp were free of waterbloom during the experimental period. The water bloom that appeared in the fish-free enclosures was completelyeliminated in 10-20 days by introduction of silver and/or bighead carp(grass carp was not effectivein controlling water bloom).This study showed clearly that grazing pressure by planktivorous fishes is a keyfactor in eliminating water bloom from the lake.  相似文献   

Early scale growth characteristics of the New Zealand snapper,chrysophrys auratus (Forster), with reference to selection of a scale‐sampling site     

L. J. Paul 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):273-292

Scales from 17 body areas of juvenile snapper, Chrysophyrs auratus (Forster), were examined to determine scale growth characteristics, with the aim of denning the most suitable body site for routine scale‐sampling. Least‐square regressions of fish length on scale measurement from 0+ fish were calculated for several body areas, and back‐calculations were made to fish length at first annulus (L₁) from a sample of 1+ fish, using both the “uncorrected” and “corrected” formulae.

The overall fish/scale relationship is curvilinear, but high correlation coefficients show that fish/scale regressions from 0+ snapper may be taken as essentially linear. Such regressions give hypothetical fish lengths at scale formation of 8–23 mm. Mid‐body scales form at 10–14 mm, caudal scales earlier, head scales later.

Back‐calculated L₁ values from each area were compared with the mean for the whole body. Using the uncorrected formula there is a general trend for them to be lower than the mean at the head and higher at the tail, while the mid‐body region shows minimum variation from the mean. These variations are caused at least partly by differences in time of scale formation. The corrected formula gives smaller L₁ variations and a mean back‐calculated L₁almost identical to an observed L₁ from independent length frequency data.

The observed variations in scale structure and growth suggest that the “pectoral area”, bounded by the lateral line and the ventral edge of the pectoral fin, is the most suitable site for scale sampling.  相似文献   

湛江沿海鱼类补遗     

宋蓓玲 《广东海洋大学学报》1992,(1)

增补湛江市沿海鱼类种类有51种,隶属于11目39科45属,其中软骨鱼类8种;硬骨鱼类43种,(鲈形目30种)。现知湛江市沿海鱼类有222种。  相似文献   

东山岛西埔湾港养黄鳍鲷卵膜和退化卵母细胞的超微结构     

张其永  洪万树  倪子绵 《台湾海峡》1993,(1)

用透射电镜技术研究半封闭的福建东山岛西埔湾港养黄鳍鲷的卵膜和退化卵母细胞的形态.结果表明,卵膜由透明带、外放射带和内放射带组成.内放射带有5～6层纤维状片层.许多孔道横穿各层卵膜.排列呈蜂窝状.孔道口无“(?)子”阻塞.第4时相微绒毛在孔道内弯曲呈螺旋形.随着卵细胞发育.滤泡形成颗粒细胞层和鞘膜细胞层.卵母细胞退化时,滤泡细胞(颗粒细胞)变成吞噬细胞.研究结果证实了港养黄鳍鲷的雌性性腺不能在西(?)湾内发育到生理成熟.  相似文献