富含Na~ 、Ca~(2 )、Al~(3 )、Cr~(3 )蒙脱石对垃圾渗滤液中有机物的吸附     

郑红  鲁安怀  张佥  廖立兵 《岩石矿物学杂志》2001,(4)

由于层间含有高价态金属阳离子的蒙脱石对特定有机物的吸附能力可大大增强 ,故分别用层间含有Na 、Ca2 、Al3 和Cr3 的蒙脱石对垃圾渗滤液中的有机物进行吸附实验 ,研究它们吸附苯酚、二甲苯和COD的能力及离子形态对吸附效果的影响。结果表明 ,含高价金属阳离子的蒙脱石对苯酚和COD的吸附能力较高 ,吸附能力由小到大的顺序为 :Na 相似文献   

碳硅钙石的矿物学特征和晶体化学讨论     

章礼明  方磐 《矿物学报》1991,11(3):209-213

本文碳硅钙石产于安徽濉溪邹楼铁矿床中。对该矿物进行了某些矿物学研究,修正了前人的碳硅钙石X射线粉晶衍射指标中的错误和不足。根据晶体结构测定结果,作者应用键价模型讨论了碳硅钙石结构中配位多面体的结构畸变等晶体化学问题。  相似文献   

Influence of Salinity on pH and Aluminum Concentration on the Interaction of Acidic Red Soil with Seawater   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mohamed?M.?Kombo  Said?A.?Vuai  Maki?Ishiki  Akira?TokuyamaEmail author 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(3):591-601

Contamination of acidic red soil in the coastal areas of Okinawa Islands is a serious environmental problem. This study was conducted to examine the effects of the salinity on pH and aluminum concentration when the acidic red soil interacts with seawater. Acidic red soil from Gushikawa recreation center was fractionated into bulk soil, coarse sand and silt + clay. Different weights of each fraction were equilibrated with seawater solutions. The pH and concentrations of Al³⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ were then analyzed in the extracts. The results showed a decreasing trend of pH with increasing soil to solution ratio while the extracted Al³⁺ revealed an increasing trend. The lowest pH values were 3.85, 4.06, 4.41, 4.66 and their corresponding highest Al³⁺ concentrations were 2.50, 1.01, 0.062 and 0.036 mmolL⁻¹ in the seawater extracts, one-tenth seawater extracts, one-hundredth seawater extracts and one-thousandth seawater solution extracts, respectively. Mostly, the concentrations of Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and especially K⁺ decreased with increasing soil weight in the high salinities but showed the opposite trend in the low salinity samples. Potassium concentration decreased by 39%, 53% and 40% in the seawater extracts, one-tenth and one-hundredth seawater extracts but increased by 200% in one-thousandth seawater extracts. The coincidence of the increase in Al³⁺ and H⁺ concentrations, and the decrease of Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ concentrations in the solutions suggests ion exchange/adsorption, while the increased patterns, particularly at low salinity could be attributed to the dissolution of the species from the soils.  相似文献   

有机质对S1nm锰矿相金属阳离子交换能力的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张培志  冯旭文  钱江初 《海洋学报》2002,24(5):134-140

大洋多金属结核问题长期以来一直受到人们的关注[1～3].大量的研究结果表明,多金属结核中最有经济价值的铜、钴、镍等有价金属元素,主要赋存于仅占整个结核约15%锰矿相中.我们曾对人工合成1 nm锰矿相(synthetic 1nm manganate,以下简称S1nm锰矿相)金属阳离子交换能力作过初步探讨[4,5],研究表明,Cu2+,Co2+,Ni2+,Zn2+等与S1nm锰矿相具有强烈的阳离子交换能力,证明了多金属结核成矿后期的离子交换是铜、钴、镍、锌等有价金属元素进入多金属结核的重要途径之一.  相似文献   

南沙群岛海域泻湖及礁外沉积物间隙水中的-2价硫   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

宋金明  李鹏程 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(6):590-597

于1993年5月和1994年3－4月通过调查，用硫离子选择电极法研究南沙群岛海域泻湖及礁外沉积物间隙水中的∑S（－Ⅱ）及SO~(2-)_4，探讨泻湖内及礁外间隙水中-2价硫的分布特征，沉积物-海水界面间硫的扩散转移通量和-2价硫的热力学平衡控制体系。结果表明，该海区∑S（－Ⅱ）含量，泻湖间隙水中远比礁外高，人为活动剧烈的礁内泻湖高于人为活动少的泻湖，离礁近的礁外间隙水中的高于远离礁的间隙水中的。在礁外沉积物间隙水中-2价硫含量呈垂向增加的趋势，沉积物-海水界面间HS-，S2-均是从沉积物向上覆海水扩散，SO反之。礁内泻湖的扩散量远高于礁外的，HS-扩散总平均为61．34μmol／（m2·d），SO为-0．41mmol／（m2·d）；礁外泻湖的HS-总平均为14．96μmol／（m2·d），SO为-0．35mmol／（m2·d）。该海区的-2价硫主要由S＋2e→S2-氧化还原电对控制，平衡时Eh计算值与实测值接近，单质疏作为亚稳态可存在于沉积物中，并可与溶解铁继续形成自生黄铁矿（FeS2）沉淀。  相似文献   

赤道西太平洋部分海域上层水的海洋化学     

宋金明 《海洋科学》1996,20(2):40-44

主要研究了菲律宾东南海域（区域Ｉ）和伊里安岛东部的北部海域（区域Ⅱ）上层水（０～１５０ｍ）化学参数ｐＨ，Ｅｈ，Ｅｓ，∑Ｓ（－Ⅱ）和ａ＾２－ｓ等的分布特征和－２价硫的产生机制，结果表明，该海域表层南赤道逆流和次表层的赤道潜流是影响化学参数特别是ＤＯ和∑Ｓ（－Ⅱ）的主要因素，高生产力与高水温是赤道西太平洋上层水中－２价硫产生与保存的重要影响因素，区域Ⅱ中的ｐＨ，∑Ｓ（－Ⅱ）ａ＾２－ｓ，ＤＯ比区域Ｉ高而  相似文献   

离子色谱法同时测定铀矿浸出液中的阳离子   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李文娟  王志畅  刘金辉 《岩矿测试》2010,29(6):715-718

对铬铁矿中亚铁的测定方法进行了探讨。首先对已有方法进行了验证和筛选,然后对Li2SO4助熔剂的助溶作用及其反应机理进行了研究,从而推荐了H2SO4-H3PO4-V2O5-V(Ⅳ)-Li2SO4和H2SO4-H3PO4-Ce(SO4)2-Li2SO4两种改进型的溶剂体系用于铬铁矿试样中亚铁的测定,所得结果具有良好的重现性。  相似文献   

Effects of cation disordering in a natural MgAl2O4 spinel observed by rectangular parallelepiped ultrasonic resonance and Raman measurements     

Hyunchae Cynn  Orson L. Anderson  Malcolm Nicol 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1993,141(2-4):415-444

At moderate temperatures, the elastic properties of natural MgAl₂O₄ spinel differ in several significant ways from properties of synthetic spinels. Below 1000 K, the ultrasonic resonant frequencies of an ordered natural spinel change significantly after heat treatment; at higher temperatures, both types of spinels have similar resonant responses. The temperature derivatives of the elastic constants of an ordered spinel also differ from those of disordered spinels at moderate temperatures; again, at higher temperatures, both types of spinels have similar behaviors. The Raman spectra also differ below 1000 K for ordered natural and disordered spinels and are similar at higher temperatures and after cooling to ambient temperature. We associate these changes in ultrasonic resonance and Raman spectra of spinel with cation disordering at high temperature which may be quenched by cooling. We deduce estimates of the inversion parameter from the relative intensities of the two A_1g Raman modes in very good agreement with estimates made from other measurements. We find thatC ₁₁ andC ₁₂ decrease by 4 and 8%, respectively, with 20% inversion in spinel;C ₄₄ is less sensitive to cation order. These results imply that previous measurements of the adiabatic elastic constants of spinels at ambient conditions have been affected by the state of cation disorder of the specimen.  相似文献   

痕量价态金的载炭泡塑吸附分离研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

熊昭春  彭振英 《岩矿测试》1993,12(4):255-258

研究了载炭泡塑对不同价态金的吸附选择性。当ＨＣｌ溶液浓度１％－１０％时，载炭泡塑对纳克量Ａｕ（Ⅲ）吸附率为９６．３％－９６．８％，而对Ａｕ（Ⅰ），Ａｕ（０）不产生吸附，分别在溶液和残渣中的Ａｕ（Ⅰ）和Ａｕ（０）经过滤分离，用王水处理后，由载炭泡塑分别吸附，其回收率分别为９６．５％和９８．９％。  相似文献   

Seawater Intrusion in the Longkou-Laizhou Area, Shandong     

Xue Yuqun  Xie Chunhong  Wu Jichun  Nanjing University Liu Peimin  Wang Jianji  Jiang Qingbo Office of Water Resources of Longkou City Shi Hongwen  Ning Pihai Office of Water Resources of Laizhou City Liu Linqun 《《地质学报》英文版》1993,67(1)

The extensive intrusion (covering an area of 83.7-238.3 km~2 and accounting for 18.6-31.5% of the total area of the plain), the presence of a transitional zone 1.5-6.0 km in width, and the interconnection in distribution between the seawater intrusion district and the region lower than the sea level caused by the strong drop of the groundwater level are major characteristics of the seawater intrusion in the study area. Cation exchange played an important role during the formation of chemical composition of the groundwater in the seawater intrusion district.  相似文献