USE OF RAPD FOR DETECTING AND IDENTIFYING PORPHYRA (BANGIALES, RHODOPHYTA)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋林生  段德麟  李笑红  李晨曦 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1998,(3)

imDUCnONManymolectilarbiologybasedDNAtecboqUesPbodepowrfulmeansforstUdvingofgeneticvariationandphylDgenehcrelationships.AmoleculartecboqUebasedonthePOl}-menachainreaction(PCR)isaneffeChvetoolforraPididentificationofgeneticTnarersknownasRandomAInPlifiedPolymorphicDNA(m)(Wlliamsetal.,l99o;Welsh&McClelland,l99o).Sucheders,derivedfromPrindngsitesrandoInldistributedthIDughoutthegenome,areinheritedinaMendelianPatem.ThesePOlyTnorphismsallowtheanalsisofcomplexgenomeswithoutPriorknoWl…  相似文献   

The Complete Sequence of Mitochondrial COⅡ Gene of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Its Applicability as a Marker for Phylogenetic Analysis     

YU Shanshan KONG Xiaoyu LI Yulong XU Hui 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):187-192

The complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ （COⅡ） gene of Penaeinae shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned and sequenced. The gene is 688 bp in length and codes for 229 amino acids. It shows 83.2%, 87.0% and 83.8% sequence similarity to Marsupenaeus Japonicus, Penaeus monodon and Farfantepenaeus notialis, respectively. The A＋T content of the whole gene and that at the third position of codons are 64.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship between F. chinensis and three other species representing genera Farfanatepenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus was analyzed. Results showed that the genetic distances among the four taxa ranged from 0.144 0 to 0.200 5, exceeding those estimated with COⅠ and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences among Marsupenaeus, Litopenaeus and Melicertus, and being therefore larger than the value among subgenera. It has been suggested that the COⅡ gene has a faster evolutionary rate than that of the COⅠ gene and partial 16S rRNA gene and could be used for phylogenetic analysis at genus or species level. The results of the present study indicated that Farfantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus are at a higher phylogenetic level than subgenus, which supports the opinion of the elevation of phylogenetic status of the four subgenera to genus level.  相似文献   

Exopolysaccharide Production by Four Cyanobacterial Isolates and Preliminary Identification of These Isolates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

ZHANG Yunyi CHI Zhenming LU Weidong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):147-152

Four marine cyanobacterial isolates, named 104, 109, 113 and 115, from marine water off China＇s coast can release a large amount of exopolysaccharide （EPS） to medium. The effects of different components in medium on EPS production by the four isolates were investigated. Under the optimal condition, the EPS released by isolates 104,109, 113 and 115 reached 7.48 g L^-1, 8.33 g L^-1, 18.26 g L^-1, and 6.78 g L^-1 within 14 d,respectively. Based on the conventional identification methods for cyanobacteria,these isolates were assigned to genus Cyanothece.  相似文献   

帘蛤科4种养殖蛤群体遗传多样性和种间关系的fAFLP分析          下载免费PDF全文

彭永兴  程汉良  夏德全  吴婷婷  孟学平  吉红九  董志国 《海洋科学》2008,32(1):45-51

利用荧光标记扩增片段长度多态性(fAFLP)技术对文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)、青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)和硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria)4种帘蛤科贝类的群体遗传多样性和种间关系进行了研究。选择EcoRⅠ/MseⅠ进行酶切,使用6个E 3/M 3引物组合进行扩增,共获得1 096个位点,多态位点比率95.1%,片段长度50~456 bp。其中,文蛤、青蛤、菲律宾蛤仔和硬壳蛤分别得到681,715,702和694个位点,相应的多态位点比率为76.8%,81.7%,83.0%和75.1%,得到17个种特异性位点,可作为4物种特征标记。分析了群体遗传相似系数和遗传多样性指数以及种间遗传相似系数。结果表明,硬壳蛤群体遗传相似系数最高(0.670 9),遗传多样性指数最低(0.236 0);菲律宾蛤仔群体遗传相似系数最低(0.592 5),遗传多样性指数最高(0.261 8);根据遗传相似系数采用UPGMA法构建了4物种32个体的聚类图,表明文蛤与菲律宾蛤仔遗传关系最近,青蛤与其他3物种遗传关系较远。  相似文献   

条斑紫菜SSU 中内含子分析     

李星辰  徐佳杰  林中姮  沈颂东 《海洋科学》2015,39(3):12-18

根据GenBank中已知的条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)SSU和LSU r RNA基因序列分别设计引物,分别以混合个体和单个个体的基因组DNA以及c DNA为模板进行扩增,测序分析后推测SSU r RNA基因中的内含子转录后加工可能仍被保留,而在LSU r RNA基因上游序列中没有发现内含子。长511bp的内含子位于SSU r RNA基因序列的上游,其插入位点为TCTGGTG-CCAGCAGCC,内含子5′和3′端的核苷酸序列分别为AAC-和-ATGG。该内含子的剪接位点以及保守区P,Q,R,S与I型内含子是不同的。研究发现,在同种紫菜中,不同个体SSU基因中内含子的有无、分布及结构特征是不同的,说明内含子对于分类是不太适合的。但是内含子的长度以及核苷酸序列在种间又具有一定的特异性,可以为红藻种间以及种内亲缘关系较远的亚种和不同地理群的区分和鉴定提供参考。  相似文献   

可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)铁结合     

刘艳  侯付景  周君  王中华  李太武  苏秀榕 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(4):973-979

以克隆获得的可口革囊星虫(Phasolosma esculenta)、枝吻纽虫(Dendrorhynchus zhejiangensis)、泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)、缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)、仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)和白肛海地瓜(Acaudina leucoprocta)6种无脊椎动物的铁结合蛋白基因为基础, 通过NCBI检索下载相应的氨基酸序列, 采用SingalP程序查找信号肽, 用TMHMM程序搜寻预测跨膜区, 采用Clustal W程序多序列比对, 构建进化树。对其编码蛋白的信号肽、跨膜区以及磷酸化位点等进行分析。结果表明, 6种动物的铁结合蛋白都没有信号肽, 也无跨膜区, 不可能是膜上的受体或定位于膜上, 均为胞外蛋白。泥蚶的ferritin有4个磷酸化位点, 仿刺参ferritin有10个, 枝吻纽虫有8个, 白肛海地瓜有9个, 可口革囊星虫和缢蛏的ferritin未搜寻到磷酸化位点。6种铁结合蛋白的疏水性有一定的差异, 最大值在1.0—1.6之间, 最小值在?3.3—?2.8之间。可口革囊星虫和仿刺参的铁结合区域特征序列完全相同, 与文昌鱼、缢蛏、泥蚶、牡蛎、盘鲍有2个氨基酸差异, 与人、小家鼠和叉尾有1个氨基酸差异。  相似文献   

动物型溶菌酶研究新进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张士璀  许娜 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(6):46-51

溶菌酶可以分解连接N-乙酰胞壁酸(NAM)和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖(NAG)残基之间的β-1,4糖苷键。g型、c型和i型溶菌酶是3种动物型溶菌酶。近年来,越来越多的报道表明这3种类型的溶菌酶在动物界广泛存在,g型和c型溶菌酶主要存在于脊椎动物中,i型溶菌酶仅存在于无脊椎动物中,部分物种中同时存在2种动物型溶菌酶。本文简要概述了溶菌酶在动物各物种中的存在情况和组织分布情况、基因组结构与系统进化以及溶菌酶抑制剂的研究新进展。  相似文献   

鳗鲡目鱼类线粒体蛋白质编码基因易位及系统演化关系分析     

申欣  田美  孟学平  程汉良  阎斌伦 《海洋学报》2014,36(4):73-81

鳗鲡目鱼类线粒体基因组的基因组成较为保守,在58个线粒体基因组中,仅有3个物种存在基因数量的差异。在19个鳗鲡目鱼类线粒体基因组中存在主编码基因的重排。主编码基因的变异位点分析结果支持nad5、nad4和nad2基因作为cox1和lrRNA基因辅助的分子标记。鳗鲡科Anguillidae的20个种(亚种)聚在一起,强烈支持鳗鲡科为单系群(BPP=100)。鳗鲡科下属的3个类群(大洋洲类群、大西洋类群和印度洋-太平洋类群)也同时得到有力的验证(BPP均为100)。线鳗科Nemichthyidae和锯齿鳗科Serrivomeridae亲缘关系最近,二者聚类后,与鳗鲡科Anguillidae构成姊妹群(BPP=100)。在囊喉鱼亚目Saccopharyngoidei中,宽咽鱼科Eurypharyngidae与囊鳃鳗科Saccopharyngidae聚类(BPP=100),同时,单颌鳗科Monognathidae与月尾鳗科Cyematidae聚类(BPP=100),4个科聚在一支,支持囊喉鱼亚目为单系群(BPP=100)。在囊喉鱼亚目线粒体基因组中,3个物种(吞鳗Eurypharynx pelecanoides、拉文囊鳃鳗Saccopharynx lavenbergi和杰氏单颌鳗Monognathus jesperseni)存在主编码基因的重排。16种鳗鲡(细美体鳗Ariosoma shiroanago、短吻颈鳗Derichthys serpentinus、凯氏短尾康吉鳗Coloconger cadenati、鸭颈鳗Nessorhamphus ingolfianus、龟草鳗Thalassenchelys sp.、粗犁齿海鳗Cynoponticus ferox、百吉海鳗Muraenesox bagio、巨斑花蛇鳗Myrichthys maculosus、大吻沙蛇鳗Ophisurus macrorhynchos、几内亚副康吉鳗Paraconger notialis、哈氏异康吉鳗Heteroconger hassi、小头鸭嘴鳗Nettastoma parviceps、弱头鳗Leptocephalus sp.、斑点长犁齿鳗Hoplunnis punctata、尖吻小鸭嘴鳗Facciolella oxyrhyncha和星康吉鳗Conger myriaster),与鳗鲡目线粒体主编码基因的原始排列相比,共享nad6基因的易位。同时,基于线粒体基因组13个蛋白质编码基因构建的系统演化树,强烈支持这16个物种聚为一支(BPP=100)。然而,由此而带来的海鳗科Muraenesocidae、拟鯙科Chlopsidae和糯鳗科Congridae是否为单系群的问题,值得今后深入探究。  相似文献   

Phylogenomic analysis of transcriptomic sequences of mitochondria and chloroplasts for marine red algae (Rhodophyta) in China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

JIA Shangang  WANG Xumin  QIAN Hao  LI Tianyong  SUN Jing  WANG Liang  YU Jun  LI Xingang  YIN Jinlong  LIU Tao  WU Shuangxiu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(2):86-93

The chloroplast and mitochondrion of red algae （Phylum Rhodophyta） may have originated from different endosymbiosis. In this study, we carried out phylogenomic analysis to distinguish their evolutionary lin-eages by using red algal RNA-seq datasets of the 1 000 Plants （1KP） Project and publicly available complete genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts of Rhodophyta. We have found that red algae were divided into three clades of orders, Florideophyceae, Bangiophyceae and Cyanidiophyceae. Taxonomy resolution for Class Florideophyceae showed that Order Gigartinales was close to Order Halymeniales, while Order Graci-lariales was in a clade of Order Ceramials. We confirmed Prionitis divaricata （Family Halymeniaceae） was closely related to the clade of Order Gracilariales, rather than to genus Grateloupia of Order Halymeniales as reported before. Furthermore, we found both mitochondrial and chloroplastic genes in Rhodophyta under negative selection （Ka/Ks〈1）, suggesting that red algae, as one primitive group of eukaryotic algae, might share joint evolutionary history with these two organelles for a long time, although we identified some dif-ferences in their phylogenetic trees. Our analysis provided the basic phylogenetic relationships of red algae, and demonstrated their potential ability to study endosymbiotic events.  相似文献   

新疆东帕米尔高原慕士塔格峰洋布拉克冰川雪冰及融水中可培养细菌多样性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李明源  王继莲  古丽巴哈尔·萨吾提 《冰川冻土》2015,37(6):1634-1641

采用LB和PYGV两种培养基分离培养慕士塔格峰洋布拉克冰川雪冰及融水中可培养细菌,通过分离菌株16S rDNA的PCR-RFLP图谱和基于基因序列相似性的系统发育分析揭示细菌多样性。结果从样品中共分离到178株菌,分属于变形菌门（Proteobacteria）中的α-Proteobacteria、β-Proteobac-teria、γ-Proteobacteria纲,厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）,放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）6个类群,以假单胞菌Pseudomonas、黄杆菌Flavobacterium、紫色杆菌Janthinobacterium为优势菌群。 LB和PYGV两种培养基在分离的细菌数量及种群多样性、优势菌属、特有菌属方面呈现一定差异。结果表明,慕士塔格峰洋布拉克冰川地区可培养细菌多样性丰富,且存在一定的地方特异性菌属,寡营养培养基更利于极端微生物的恢复生长。  相似文献