Distribution and germination of viable diatom resting stage cells in sediments of the East China Sea     

ZHANG Yuyu  LU Songhui  ZHANG Chuansong  GAO Yahui 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(5):121-128

The abundance and temporal patterns of viable diatom resting stage cells in sediments of the East China Sea in 2006 have been investigated. The abundance of viable resting stages was enumerated with the most probable number (MPN) technique. Overall, 25 diatom species (including varieties) belonging to 16 genera were detected. Viable resting stage cells were common, on the order of 10³ to 10⁶ cells/g dry mass. The abundant taxa included Skeletonema marina, S. dohrnii, Chaetoceros curvisetus and Thalassiosira spp., with Skeletonema accounting for 83.3% of the cell. The effects of temperature (10, 15, 20, 25℃), salinity (20, 25, 30, 35 psu) and light intensity (0, 300, 4 000, 8 000 lux) on the germination of resting stages in sediment samples were also determined. The results showed that light intensity had a significant positive effect on the germination of diatom resting stage cells (p <0.01) and that diatoms could not germinate in darkness. Temperature and salinity had no noticeable effects on the germination. The present study suggests that there are abundant diatom resting cells in sediments of the East China Sea, which could serve as a "seed bank" in the phytoplankton population succession and contribute to the initiation of algal blooms.  相似文献   

中国七个产地卤虫卵的生物学测定     

王素凤 《海洋通报》2009,28(4)

为深入了解卤虫卵生物学测定值与其品系间的相关性,选择青海尕海、新疆阿其克库勒湖、山西解池、山东埕口盐场、西藏 ( 具体地点不详 )、新疆鲸鱼湖以及西藏拉果错湖共 7 个品系的卤虫卵,进行了干卵、水合卵、脱壳卵卵径及卵亚壳层厚度的测定.统计结果显示卵径及卵的颜色与海拔高度密切相关,高海拔地区卤虫卵径大、颜色深;卤虫卵径的大小与其成体的生殖方式似乎无直接关联;以卤虫卵亚壳层厚度及卤虫卵径为依据的 Q-聚类结果一致,其中西藏、新疆鲸鱼湖、新疆阿其克库勒湖、以及西藏拉果错湖卤虫卵为一组,山西解池、山东埕口盐场、及青海尕海卤虫卵为一组.卤虫卵亚壳层厚度及卤虫卵径与卤虫品系之间均存在相关性.  相似文献   

发头裸腹溞休眠卵发育的温度因子分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄诚  葛家春  孟文新  陈建秀  周婷 《湖泊科学》1996,(2)

测定了不同温度下发头裸腹溞(Moina irrasa)体眠卵的孵化时间及孵化率;取最先孵出和过半数孵出的两组数据依莱奥姆积温法则求得种群休眠卵最低临界温度为12.00℃,最低有效积温为441.61℃·h;最低亚致死高温点(即最适温度)为35.16℃,以及最低死亡高温点39.44℃。种群中过半数的临界温度为12.88℃,过半数有效积温为557.10℃·h,过半数的亚致死高温点为35.56℃以及过半数死亡高温点为39.49℃。讨论了这些参数在枝角类集约化培养中休眠卵的有效保存与启用所具有的实践意义。  相似文献   

Spawning of the frostfish,Lepidopus caudatus (Pisces: Trichiuridae), in New Zealand waters     

D.A. Robertson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):129-136

Frostfish spawning, as indicated by the presence of planktonic eggs, was observed mainly in north‐eastern, but also in south‐western, New Zealand waters in spring to autumn. Spawning takes place in the afternoon in outer shelf waters 50–200 m deep, with surface temperatures and salinities between 17.5 and 22.0°C and 35.3 and 35.6‰ respectively. Egg and oil droplet diameters ranged from 1.65 to 1.75 mm and 0.40 to 0.43 mm respectively.  相似文献   

浙江南部沿岸产卵场春、夏季鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类组成与分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周永东  金海卫  张洪亮  蒋日进  潘国良 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(3):590-598

根据2011年4月、5月与6月对浙江南部沿岸产卵场进行的共3个航次的调查资料,对该海域的鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成和数量分布进行了分析,结果表明,共发现鱼卵、仔稚鱼72个种类,分别隶属11目38科48属。其中鱼卵29种,分别隶属6目18科24属;仔稚鱼55种,分别隶属10目29科40属。4—6月仔稚鱼数量呈逐月递减的趋势,而鱼卵数量6月最多,5月最少。鱼卵优势种4月以斑鰶、棱鱚、小黄鱼与蓝点马鲛为主,5月以斑鰶、鳀、龙头鱼、银鲳、蓝点马鲛与石首鱼科为主,6月以鳀、龙头鱼、多鳞鱚与鲱科鱼类为主;仔稚鱼优势种4月以虾虎鱼类、褐菖鲉与平鲉科为主,5月以鳀、虾虎鱼类、棱鱚、斑鰶与长鳍篮子鱼为主,6月以鳀与虾虎鱼类为主。斑鰶、鲳鱼、小黄鱼、棱鱚、蓝点马鲛与褐菖鲉的产卵盛期为4月,而鳀与龙头鱼的产卵盛期为6月。  相似文献   

培养液更换对萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)休眠卵形成的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

席贻龙  黄祥飞 《湖泊科学》2000,12(1):47-52

在种群累积培养状态下研究了培养液更换对萼花臂尾轮虫（ Ｂｒａｃｈｉｏｎｕｓ ｃａｌｙｃｉｆｌｏｒｕｓ）休眠卵形成的影响,结果表明,在培养液不予更换的情况下,萼花臂尾轮虫休眠卵的产量和形成效率分别为 ７２４ ３３３３± ４０． ５２５７ｉｎｄ（６ｄ．２０ｍＬ）－１和 ６ ．０３６１± ０． ３３７７ｉｎｄ（５ × １０６ ｃｅｌｌｓ）－１（ａｌ－ｇａｅ ｄｉｅｔ）与之相比,当培养液每 ２天更换一次时,其休眠卵的产量和形成效率分别下降至６３７．３３３３±１６． ８０２８ｉｎｄ．（６ｄ·２０ｍＬ）－１和５ ．３１１１±０ ．１４００ｉｎｄ（５×１０６ｃｅｌｌｓ）－１（ａｌｇａｅ　ｄｉｅｔ）．随着培养液更换频率增大至每天一次时,其休眠卵的产量和形成效率下降的幅度进一步增大培养液更换对轮虫种群中的混交雌体百分率和混交雌体受精率无显著的影响,最后探讨了培养液更换对萼花臂尾轮虫休眠卵形成影响的机理．  相似文献   

基于羟基自由基高级氧化快速杀灭锥状斯氏藻孢囊的研究     

郭枫  李超  白敏冬  林艳强  贺霄  郑琦琳 《海洋学报》2017,39(4):101-106

随着船舶压载水的转运,我国面临严重的外来入侵生物风险,其中部分赤潮藻形成的孢囊可成为赤潮的"种源",严重危害近岸海洋环境,因而快速有效地杀灭赤潮藻孢囊至关重要。本文利用大气压强电离放电高效生成的羟基自由基（·OH）,对典型赤潮藻锥状斯氏藻孢囊进行杀灭研究。采用萌发实验、SYTOX Green荧光染色法确定·OH杀灭锥状斯氏藻孢囊的阈值和时间,扫描电子显微镜观察孢囊的形态变化。结果表明,·OH杀灭孢囊的CT阈值为0.49 mg·min/L,时间为10 s,·OH氧化降解孢囊体内叶绿素,破坏DNA,抑制萌发,具有其他方法无法比拟的优势。因此,·OH快速杀灭赤潮藻孢囊的新方法,对防控外来入侵生物引发的海洋赤潮灾害具有重要的作用。  相似文献   

广海湾康氏小公鱼的产卵期及其鱼卵数量变动          下载免费PDF全文

田丰歌  郑琰晶  肖瑜璋  方宏达 《应用海洋学学报》2017,36(3):395-402

根据2013~2015年在台山市广海湾海域(21°52'~21°56'N,112°46'~112°53'E)进行逐月调查的资料,分析了该水域康氏小公鱼(Stolephorus commersonii)鱼卵在一年中出现的时间、数量变动特征以及期间的海水温盐特征,并讨论了康氏小公鱼产卵期与水温变化的关系.结果表明,广海湾康氏小公鱼的产卵期开始于每年3月左右,结束时间在各年份不同,一般在9~11月之间.康氏小公鱼鱼卵在一年中分多个批次出现,一般可出现2~4个批次,其中第一批次为产卵盛期,数量高峰大约出现在4月前后.鱼卵出现期间平均水温的范围为19.8~31.3℃,平均盐度范围为7.66~33.65,从出现频次上看,其所在环境以高温低盐为主.康氏小公鱼产卵所需的最低温度在20℃左右,在产卵期开始前,海水温度何时升至此温度,决定了一年中康氏小公鱼鱼卵最早出现的时间.对比不同纬度的海域,康氏小公鱼产卵期的开始时间随纬度的升高而向后推迟.  相似文献   

条石鲷(Oplegnathus fasciatus)发育早期的脂肪酸组成变化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐善良  王亚军  王丹丽  严小军 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(2):438-444

采用GC/MS法分析了条石鲷(Oplegnathus fasciatus)的未受精卵、胚胎、仔鱼、稚鱼及幼鱼各阶段的脂肪酸组成特点及含量变动,旨在研究条石鲷发育早期脂肪酸的组成和变化规律。共检测到28种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)13种,单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)7种,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)8种。结果表明:(1)鱼卵中主要脂肪酸依次为C16:0、C22:6(n-3)(DHA)、C20:5(n-3)(EPA)和C18:1(n-9)(油酸);(2)胚胎及内源性营养阶段,主要利用C16:0、C18:0以及C18:1作为能量来源,EPA和DHA被优先保存下来;(3)摄食轮虫和桡足类AA、EPA、DHA含量显著提高,摄食卤虫则C18:1(n-9)、C18:2(n-6)及C18:3(n-3)含量迅速增加;(4)在稚鱼期必需脂肪酸AA、DHA含量不足,而EPA过高,可能引起细胞膜磷脂中DHA与EPA比例失衡,出现稚鱼"死亡高峰"。  相似文献   

Composition and ecological distribution of ichthyoplankton in eastern Beibu Gulf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHOU Meiyu  LIN Yuanshao  YANG Shengyun  CAO Wenqing  ZHENG Lianming 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(1):94-105

Surveys were conducted in four seasons in the eastern Beibu Gulf from July 2006 to November 2007,to determine the ichthyoplankton composition,abundance,as well as environmental factors impacted on their spatiotemporal distributions.The fish eggs and larvae were sorted from 303 zooplankton quantitative samples,in which at least 1 order,60 families,31 genera and 61 species of fish eggs and larvae were identified.The species number was highest in summer whereas lowest in winter.With the most abundant fish egg (the average density was 2.41 ind./m 3),spring was the main spawning season,while the greatest mean density of fish larva was 1.35 ind./m 3 in summer.In the whole year around,fish eggs had the trends to aggregate in the nearshore of Guangxi coast,fish larvae were more abundant in the northern water.Relationships between fish eggs and larvae abundance and environmental factors were analyzed by using the Yield-Density model.The spatiotemporal distribution of ichthyoplankton in eastern Beibu Gulf was closely related to the Chl a concentration,and the optimal temperature,salinity and Chl a were 19.4-21.7 C,31.8-33.1 and 1.5-4.8 mg/m 3,respectively.Additionally,the distribution of fish larvae could be effected by ocean currents in summer and autumn.  相似文献