负摩擦作用下PCC桩沉降计算   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘汉龙  张晓健 《岩土力学》2007,28(7):1483-1486

从桩-土相互作用的机制出发,建立了均质地基中PCC桩负摩阻力传递的弹性微分方程。提出了基于有限差分法的一种桩身位移的迭代算法,计算结果表明,该计算方法收敛性好,且符合实际情况。根据中性点定义得出其位置在桩身中下部,与以往的研究结果相吻合。结果还表明,PCC桩比等截面的实心桩有较小的沉降。  相似文献   

加载次序引起的负摩阻力桩摩阻力分布的变化     

夏力农  王星华  雷金山 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):784-787

简要分析了加载次序对于负摩阻力桩基桩土相互作用影响的机理。采用有限元方法计算比较了这种差异。计算结果表明,加载次序的变化会引起桩身摩阻力分布、中性点位置和下拉力的变化。桩身摩阻力的分布差异主要是桩身上部负摩阻力的大小,负摩阻力先出现时的负摩阻力值较小,这种状况在各级桩顶荷载下不会改变。负摩阻力先出现时,中性点的位置比较低,两者的差距随着桩顶荷载的增大而变得加大。负摩阻力先出现时下拽力小于桩顶荷载先施加的情况。这对于负摩阻力桩基检测的研究和应用是有益的。  相似文献   

An inventory of factors that affect polysaccharide production by Phaeocystis globosa     

M. van Rijssel  I. Janse  D. J. B. Noordkamp  W. W. C. Gieskes 《Journal of Sea Research》2000,43(3-4)

Phaeocystis material contains polysaccharides that are built from at least eight different monosaccharides. Differences have been reported between the carbohydrate composition of different Phaeocystis species, and also between samples taken from Phaeocystis globosa blooms in different areas. In order to elucidate factors that could play a role in determining variation in carbohydrate composition and production, a number of Phaeocystis globosa strains were studied under laboratory conditions. Although there was a clear distinction of a northern and a southern cluster in the Phaeocystis globosa strains based on RAPD analysis, the differences in the composition of the mucopolysaccharides were relatively small. The contribution of glucose, however, ranged from 7–85% of total sugars. A strain that was cultured in seawaters of diverse origin produced polysaccharides of a different composition, suggesting the effect of environmental factors. The presence of bacteria affected neither the amount, nor the composition of the carbohydrates that were produced by Phaeocystis globosa. Glucose is part of both the intracellular polysaccharide pool and of the mucopolysaccharides in the colony matrix. Using specific digestion of the intracellular chrysolaminaran by laminarinase, the distribution of polysaccharides over different pools could be assessed. During growth of an axenic, mucus-producing strain, the portion of glucose present as chrysolaminaran appeared to increase. The polyglucose that was not digested by laminarinase remains unidentified. This study shows that environmental factors rather than strain differences determine differences in the sugar composition of Phaeocystis globosa, especially with respect to the glucose content of the material. A difference in the contribution of glucose could be correlated to the portion of cells in the culture that are not in the colonies. Our study emphasises that for studying polysaccharide dynamics in Phaeocystis globosa it is important to be able to discriminate between the different polysaccharide pools. Preliminary results of an enzymatic approach were promising  相似文献   

COOL AND FRESHWATER SKIN OF THE OCEAN DURING RAINFALL   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Peter Schlössel  Alexander V. Soloviev  William J. Emery 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1997,82(3):439-474

Rainfall over the sea modifies the molecular boundary layers of the upper ocean through a variety of different effects. These cover the freshwater flux stabilizing the near-surface layer, additional heat flux established due to rain versus surface temperature differences, modification of physical parameters by temperature and salinity changes, enhancement of the surface roughness, damping of short gravity waves, surface mixing by rain, and transfer of additional momentum from air to sea. They are separately described and included in our surface renewal model to investigate the rain's influence on the cool skin of the ocean and the creation of a haline molecular diffusion layer. Simulations with the upgraded model show that the most important effect on the conductive layer is that of reduced renewal periods followed by additional surface cooling due to rain on the order of 0.1 K. At rain rates below 50 mm h-1 rainfall is not able to completely destroy the mean temperature difference across the cool skin. A freshwater skin is created that exhibits a salinity difference exceeding 4 under strong rainfall. Comparisons with field data of the cool skin taken during the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment confirm the upgraded renewal model. Surface salinity measurements taken during the same field campaign are consistent with the calculated salinity differences across the freshwater skin. The enhancement of surface roughness by natural rain is less pronounced than described in earlier laboratory studies of rain with large drop sizes only.  相似文献   

绿鳍马面鲀(Navodon septentrionalis)鱼皮胶原蛋白的分离纯化及理化性质研究     

郁迪  丁冬各  王斌 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(5):1055-1062

利用酸溶法和酶溶法分离纯化绿鳍马面鲀(Navodon septentrionalis)鱼皮酸溶性胶原蛋白(ASC)和酶溶性胶原蛋白(PSC),并对所得的ASC和PSC的氨基酸组成、亚基组成、红外光谱(FTIR)、黏度和热变性温度,以及溶解度等性质进行系统分析。研究结果表明:马面鲀鱼皮酸溶性胶原蛋白(ASC)和酶溶性胶原蛋白(PSC)的得率分别为0.87%±0.15%和9.52%±0.41%(按鱼皮干重计算)。ASC和PSC中含有的主要氨基酸为甘氨酸(Gly),含量分别为323.3残基/1000残基和321.7残基/1000残基;二者中所含的亚氨基酸含量分别为191.1/1000残基和183.4/1000残基。氨基酸组成分析、SDS-PAGE和FTIR证实马面鲀鱼皮酸溶性胶原蛋白(ASC)为I型胶原蛋白,且其SDS-PAGE图中的亚基组成(α1-肽链和α2-肽链)、氨基酸序列,以及胶原蛋白构型与PSC明显不同。ASC和PSC的热变性温度(Td)分别为21.5℃和18.9℃,显著低于哺乳动物来源的胶原蛋白。ASC和PSC的最大溶解度出现在p H 2—3时,当Na Cl的浓度低于2%时,二者的溶解度就开始急剧下降。此外,冻干的胶原蛋白显示出疏松多孔的超微结构。综上,相对于哺乳动物类胶原蛋白,马面鲀鱼皮ASC和PSC的亚氨基酸含量和热变性温度较低,结构稳定性差,易于降解,可作为胶原蛋白肽的制备原料进行开发利用。  相似文献   

溶藻弧菌的间接荧光抗体快速检测   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

王军  鄢庆枇  苏永全  张纹 《海洋科学》2002,26(7):1-4

建立了大黄鱼病原溶藻弧菌的间接荧光抗体检测方法，溶藻弧菌的特异性抗血清由新西兰兔制备，试管凝集法测定抗血清及交叉反应效价，吸附离心法去除交叉反应，荧光抗体为异硫氰酸荧光素标记的羊抗兔免疫球蛋白，现场检测对具典型弧菌病表症大黄鱼病原检出率为100％，表观健康大黄鱼病原检出率为30％，养殖海水检测结果均为阴性，结果表明，间接荧光抗体检测法不仅可以用于已感染发病大黄鱼的快速检测，而且还能用于已感染未发病大黄鱼的检测。  相似文献   

烧伤病人中应用CHIMEHERB人工皮的临床研究     

全国临床研究组 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(Z3)

1989年4月～1990年10月期间,由全国组成的临床研究组10个烧伤单位对CHIMEHERB人工皮进行全面临床研究.研究目的是:(1)探索应用方法.(2)明确适应症.(3)评价疗效.在260例烧伤病人中,共应用365个不同类型创面,有效率为90.5％,其中优良率为79.7％.研究指出,CHIMEHERB人工皮的性能适合于作为暂时性创面覆盖物,对上皮生长具有有利影响,未发现占位和排斥现象,以及过敏和其他不良反应.主要适用于(1)供皮区,(2)Ⅱ°烧伤创面.(3)深Ⅲ°烧伤脱痂和削痂创面.(4)网状植皮和小皮片(或条状)植皮创面。(5)残余肉芽创面.亦可用于切痂创面.但不适于深Ⅱ°新鲜创面和切痂嵌皮.感染创面应用CHIMEHERB人工皮应结合抗感染措施.应用人工皮创面需良好包扎与固定.人工皮下渗出物多需引流.  相似文献   

人工皮在烧伤创面的应用     

汤建平  包平涵 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(Z3)

16例烧伤病人应用CHIMEHERB人工皮覆盖26个创面,其中浅Ⅱ°及部分深Ⅱ°创面11个,深Ⅲ°削痂创面10个,切削痂覆盖自体网状皮创面5个,与辐照猪皮对照观察,临床获得较好效果.认为在有效的清创及正确的创面处理下覆盖人工皮能减少创面渗出,有利创面愈合.作为一种新型的生物性敷料,无同种异体皮或异种皮移植时的排异现象,但其本身不具抗菌能力.  相似文献   

CHIMEHERB人工皮在皮肤微粒移植中的临床应用     

李连贵 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(Z3)

在皮肤微粒播散移植中应用CHIMEHERB人工皮覆盖6例,8个部位取得了较满意的效果,显示CHIMEHERB人工皮覆盖部位比新鲜猪皮覆盖部位平均提前愈合8.5天,人工皮可作为微粒皮移植后覆盖物.  相似文献   

考虑表皮效应的径向溶质迁移模型以及半解析解          下载免费PDF全文

文章  李旭 《地质科技通报》2020,39(1):60-66

径向示踪试验是一种非常有效的获取含水层弥散参数的试验方法,但传统径向示踪试验很少考虑抽水井附近的表皮效应(由于钻井施工工艺所导致抽水井附近一定区域水力性质发生变化).建立了考虑表皮效应的单井注入示踪试验模型,并利用Lapalce变换以及数值逆变换获得了该模型的半解析解.系统分析了表皮区域水力性质对示踪试验穿透曲线的影响规律.研究结果表明:表皮区域的弥散度越大,穿透曲线早期的浓度越高,且峰值越高;表皮孔隙度越大,穿透曲线早期浓度越低,后期浓度越高;此外,散度差异也会导致浓度分布曲线在表皮区域与含水层界面处发生突变.总之,表皮效应对径向溶质迁移产生了较大的影响,有必要将表皮效应考虑到径向示踪试验中去.  相似文献