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81.
关中盆地水资源可持续开发利用对策研究--以渭南市为例 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以关中盆地东部的渭南市为例,概述了水资源的分布特征及其开发利用现状。认为水资源开发利用中存在水资源浪费严重,重复利用率低;行政区块限制,水资源调配不够;不合理开采地下水,出现负环境效应;地下水人工调控力度不够,不能有效的促进生态环境良性循环;对地下水资源的研究、规划和管理滞后等五个方面的主要问题。针对存在的主要问题,提出了六项水资源可持续开发利用对策,包括节水对策、开源对策、改水对策、调水对策、增补对策以及管理对策。 相似文献
82.
Liisa Rohweder 《GeoJournal》2004,60(2):175-181
Environmental education in business school context has a significant effect on the way companies view environmental problems.
Business schools train the future decision makers who can, with their own attitudes and practical actions, influence the contribution
of business to the process of ecologically sustainable development. However, several studies show that no systematic thinking
has been undertaken within business education as to what the educational prerequisites of the process of ecologically sustainable
development are. In this article, I will firstly analyze by means of environmental education how business polytechnics in
Finland have taken into consideration ecologically sustainable development. Secondly, I will raise the starting points for
the development of the implementation of environmental education as part of the business schools▪ educational plans. Integrating
environmental education into the vocational courses is identified as being one of the most effective ways of increasing the
effectiveness of environmental education. Thirdly, the emphasis is on identification of barriers of integrating environmental
education into the educational plans of business polytechnics. Theoretically, the article is attached to the objectives and
learning concepts of environmental education and to educational planning theory in general. The empirical data are based on
interviews I conducted 1999–2000 in all Finnish polytechnics offering business education. My article increases theoretical
and practical understanding of how environmental education should be implemented in business education and how the current
situation could be developed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
83.
84.
渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲50 a来农业开发及所引发的生态问题探析 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:6
从渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲50a来农业开发与生态建设的过程看,人工绿洲耕作农业的生产力水平有较显著的提高,人工绿洲生态也得到了改善。主要表现是单位面积生产力水平提高,农田防护林体系初步建立,水利工程建设得到加强,生活能源的短缺得到改进。但从流域的绿洲农业经济发展与生态环境建设仍存在一些不协调的问题。主要是农田施肥重化肥轻有机肥,土壤肥力不高;灌区中游重灌轻排,灌排不协调,盐渍化面积有所扩大;流域下游由于缺水和人为等因素使天然绿洲的稳定性受到威胁,天然林的绿色屏障作用大为削弱等。对此必须引起足够重视,逐步加以协调,才能实现绿洲农业经济的可持续发展。 相似文献
85.
旱作春小麦蒸散量测算方法的比较 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用波文比—能量平衡法和蒸渗计对农田蒸散量进行了为期3a的对比观测试验。结果表明,在半干旱雨养农业区,两者测算的农田蒸散量平均偏差为20%,波文比—能量平衡法计算值大于蒸渗计实测值,基本满足精度要求;无感热平流时两种方法所得蒸散量相关性较有感热平流时的好;在平流逆温状态下采用波文比—能量平衡法的计算误差大于非平流状态下的计算误差;由于蒸渗计隔断了与周围农田的水热交换,导致了蒸渗计测量的蒸散量较采用波文比—能量平衡法的计算值偏低,其偏差大小需要进一步试验确定。 相似文献
86.
87.
Regions and sustainable development: regional planning matters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper looks at how the term 'sustainable development' has been used in the process of regional plan making over the past decade. It emphasizes the differing geographies of these debates within England, in terms of how sustainable development has been used to justify different types of approach in different parts of the country. Both drawing on and challenging recent work on state theory, the paper argues the need to see regional planning as a part of a multi-scalar governance system, whose importance should not be underestimated. 相似文献
88.
Transfer of Taiwanese ideas and technology to The Gambia, West Africa: a viable approach to rural development? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The development of Taiwan's agricultural sector contributed significantly to the country's transformation from virtual poverty after World War II to a modern industrial nation. Success resulted from the use of appropriate technologies, developed through an exceptionally close working relationship between government, research and development institutions, extension services and farmers in Taiwan. As part of their overseas development aid programme, the Republic of China on Taiwan has established Technical Missions in those developing countries where it receives political recognition. Among these is The Gambia, West Africa, where one focus of Taiwan's current Technical Mission is the development of women's market gardens. Although the gardens have proved successful, there is doubt as to whether their achievements will be sustained once Taiwan's Technical Mission in The Gambia has ended. Field research in Taiwan and in The Gambia, based largely on participatory techniques, has revealed that the low-tech methods introduced from Taiwan are appropriate for the Gambian environment. However, much depends on whether women participating in the schemes can commit sufficient time and energy to the gardens, as at present this is a limiting factor. The potential of the gardens may also be constrained by a lack of appropriate institutional infrastructure, particularly the scope for profitable disposal of garden produce. A major conclusion of the article is that successful transfer of appropriate technology to The Gambia is likely to be impeded by poorly developed coordination between groups that proved to be key 'players' in the development of agriculture in Taiwan: government, research and development institutions, extension services and producers. 相似文献
89.
博斯腾湖向塔里木河输水风险分析方法 总被引:5,自引:7,他引:5
为了拯救塔里木河下游生态环境,塔里木河流域管理局根据博斯腾湖从1999年到2003年处于丰水期,湖泊处于高水位的有利时机,从2000年5月到2003年6月实施5次向塔里木河下游生态应急输水,结束塔里木河下游300多km河道近30年的断流历史。现在的问题是“博斯腾湖向塔里木河生态输水能否持续?”,“保证可持续输水的风险有多大?”本文以解决此问题为实例,介绍一般水库调节计算和水库特征水位确定方法;主要探讨水库(湖泊)向下游输水可持续性风险分析问题,提出的方法称为“水库输水可持续性风险计算时历试算法”,简称为“试算法”(T&E方法);并将此方法应用于实例中,计算博斯腾湖向塔里木河下游输水的可持续风险。 相似文献
90.
This paper presents the detailed results and analyses on the ecological footprints and bio-capacities of the individual cities and the province as a whole for the year 2001, providing a clear picture of sustainability for the province. Results show that the ecological footprints of most cities in Liaoning exceeded their respective bio-capacities, incurring high ecological deficits. The ecological deficit of the province as a whole was 1.31 ha/cap. Those cities with resources extraction and/or primary material-making as their major industries constitute the "ecologically black band", whose ecological deficits ranged from 2.45 to 5.23 ha/cap, the highest of all cities in the province. Fossil energy consumption was the major source of footprint amounting to 1.63 ha/cap at the provincial level, taking up 67.3% of the total. For cropland, modest ecological surpluses occurred in Jinzhou, Tieling, Huludao, and Panjin while modest ecological deficits in Dalian, Benxi, Fushun, and Dandong, resulting in an overall surplus for the province. Liaoning had a certain level of surplus in fishing ground (water area), mainly distributed in the coastal cities of Dalian, Panjin, Huludao, Yingkou, Jinzhou, and Dandong. Most cities had a small ecological deficit in pasture and all had a small ecological surplus in forest. The eco-efficiency, expressed as GDP value per hectare of footprint, exhibits high variations among the cities, with the highest (Shenyang) more than 10 times the lowest (Fuxin). Cities with manufacture, high-tech, and better developed service industries had high eco-efficiency, while those with resources extraction, primary material-making, and less developed service industries had low eco-efficiency. Based on the components and geographical distribution of ecological footprint, strategic policy implications are outlined for Liaoning's development toward a sustainable future. 相似文献