昆特依盐湖晶间卤水25℃等温蒸发试验研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李海民  王芝兰  李纪泽 《盐湖研究》1999,7(3):15-21

研究了昆特依盐湖晶间卤水２５℃等温蒸发的结晶析盐规律,测定了蒸发过程卤水的物化参数。  相似文献   

察尔汗盐湖首采区晶间卤水石盐饱和度的研究          下载免费PDF全文

王庆忠  宋彭生 《盐湖研究》1999,7(2):6-10

利用Ａｇ—ＡｇＣｌ电极和钠离子选择电极组成无液界电池的电势法,测定２５℃时察尔汗盐湖首采区晶间卤水中石盐的平均活度和饱和度：应用Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ方程,计算卤水中石盐的平均活度和饱和度。结果表明,察尔汗首采区晶间卤水中的石盐均已接近或达到饱和;石盐饱和度的实验测定值与Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ方程的理论计算值在总体趋势上吻合得较好。  相似文献   

四川盆地三叠系地下卤水储层特征及其富集的控制作用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

林耀庭 《盐湖研究》1999,7(3):1-7

四川盆地三叠系地下卤水分布广泛,品质优良,是我国开采利用最早,工业价值最高的卤水资源。研究表明,地下卤水储层为低孔隙低渗透致密岩石,不利于卤水的运聚,而后期构造形成的断裂和裂缝控制了卤水的富集作用。  相似文献   

Design and costs for a system to reduce chloride levels in the Red River by shallow-well collection and deep-well disposal     

T. S. Green  B. A. Memon  A. F. Patton  M. W. Pitts 《Environmental Geology》1999,38(2):141-148

 The Red River drains 242000 km² with 90% of this area being downstream of discharges from naturally occurring brine seeps and springs. The upstream area has been designated as a major chloride emission area in Texas and Oklahoma. Ten major brine source emission areas along the tributaries to the Red River were identified by U.S. Public Health Service and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Eight of these areas were deemed suitable for the control of brine emissions by structural methods including a ring dike to enclose brine springs; low flow dams to capture and divert stream flows with high chloride content to evaporation lakes; and shallow aquifer brine collection wells with a deep-well disposal system. Two adjacent emission areas, designated as Areas XIII and XIV, contribute 500 metric tons of salt per day to the Red River. These areas, along Jonah Creek and Salt Creek, tributaries to the Prairie Dog Town Fork of the Red River were selected for investigation to control brine emission by utilization of shallow collection wells and disposal by deep injection wells. Drilling programs and pumping tests were performed to determine the number and location of shallow collection wells. Eighteen wells with 12 operating full time, will be located in the primary emission areas. The collected brine will be conveyed through corrosion-resistant pipelines to a treatment facility for filtration at a rate of 300 l/s. Additional pipelines will convey the filtered brine to deep injection wells for disposal. Nine deep wells will be installed with seven operating full time. Design criteria for the project are 100-year life expectancy and automated operation with minimum supervision and maintenance. The required minimum operating, maintenance and supervision coupled with 100-year life expectancy of the project added significantly to the estimated US $58 million capital cost of the project. However, the reduction in annual cost for labor, repairs and replacement of the component of the system should result in a lower life cycle cost. The estimated annual operating and maintenance cost is US $4.7 million. Received: 5 May 1998 · Accepted: 30 June 1998  相似文献   

Mining subsidence and its effect on the environment: some differing examples   总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11  

F. G. Bell  T. R. Stacey  D. D. Genske 《Environmental Geology》2000,40(1-2):135-152

 The impact of mining subsidence on the environment can occasionally be very catastrophic, destroying property and even leading to the loss of life. Usually, however, such subsidence gives rise to varying degrees of structural damage that can range from slight to very severe. Different types of mineral deposits have been mined in different ways and this determines the nature of the associated subsidence. Some mining methods result in contemporaneous subsidence whereas, with others, subsidence may occur long after the mine workings have been abandoned. In the latter instance, it is more or less impossible to predict the effects or timing of subsidence. A number of different mineral deposits have been chosen to illustrate the different types of associated subsidence that result and the problems that arise. The examples provided are gold mining in the Johannesburg area; bord and pillar mining of coal in the Witbank Coalfield, South Africa; longwall mining of coal in the Ruhr district; mining of chalk and limestone in Suffolk and the West Midlands, respectively; and solution mining of salt in Cheshire. These mineral deposits have often been worked for more than 100 years and, therefore, a major problem results from abandoned mines, especially those at shallow depth, the presence of which is unrecorded. Abandoned mines at shallow depth can represent a serious problem in areas that are being developed or redeveloped. Abstraction of natural brine has given rise to subsidence with its own particular problems and cannot be predicted. Although such abstraction is now inconsequential in Cheshire, dereliction associated with past subsidence still remains. Received: 21 October 1999 · Accepted: 14 February 2000  相似文献   

昌邑北部地下卤水资源开发利用及建议     

张太平  王岳林  寿冀平  王强  吕振生 《山东国土资源》2009,25(8):21-24

通过对昌邑北部胶莱河与潍河之间地下卤水资源的调查研究,发现在卤水开发利用中存在卤水综合利用程度低、资源浪费严重、缺乏统一规划管理等问题,并针对存在的问题提出了依靠科技进步,提高卤水综合利用水平,控制开采规模,实行淡季限产停产等措施,以保护和合理开发利用资源。  相似文献   

察尔汗盐湖卤水蒸发速度影响因素的量化研究          下载免费PDF全文

李志伟  付振海  张志宏  李成宝  赵冬梅  马艳芳  张永明  王婧  苏彤  刘国建 《盐湖研究》2022,30(1):57-67

针对当前气象因素(辐照强度、风速、环境温度和相对湿度)与卤水因素(卤水温度和浓度)综合作用于卤水蒸发速度定量研究的数据缺乏等问题,采用室外蒸发装置及信号采集系统相结合的实验方法,开展了察尔汗盐湖卤水自然蒸发实验。借助多元线性回归分析方法对实验数据进行分析,建立了基于多因素共同作用下的卤水蒸发速度模型。实验结果表明,卤水蒸发速度随辐照强度、风速、环境温度和卤水温度的增加呈线性增加,而随相对湿度和浓度的增加呈线性减小。进一步得出各因素影响卤水蒸发速度的顺序为,辐照强度>风速>环境温度>卤水温度>相对湿度>浓度。  相似文献   

Effects of sonication and advanced chemical oxidants on the unicellular green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta and cysts, larvae and adults of the brine shrimp Artemia salina: a prospective treatment to eradicate invasive organisms from ballast water   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gavand MR  McClintock JB  Amsler CD  Peters RW  Angus RA 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(11):1777-1788

Uptake and release of ship-borne ballast water is a major factor contributing to introductions of aquatic phytoplankton and invasive macroinvertebrates. Some invasive unicellular algae can cause harmful algal blooms and produce toxins that build up in food chains. Moreover, to date, few studies have compared the efficacy of ballast water treatments against different life history phases of aquatic macroinvertebrates. In the present study, the unicellular green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta, and three discrete life history phases of the brine shrimp Artemia salina, were independently used as model organisms to study the efficacy of sonication as well as the advanced oxidants, hydrogen peroxide and ozone, as potential ballast water treatments. Algal cells and brine shrimp cysts, nauplii, and adults were subjected to individual and combined treatments of sonication and advanced oxidants. Combined rather than individual treatments consistently yielded the highest levels of mortality in algal cells (100% over a 2 min exposure) and in brine shrimp (100% and 95% for larvae and adults, respectively, over a 2 min exposure). In contrast, mortality levels in brine shrimp cysts (66% over 2 min; increased to 92% over a 20 min exposure) were moderately high but consistently lower than that detected for larval or adult shrimp. Our results indicate that a combination of sonication and advanced chemical oxidants may be a promising method to eradicate aquatic unicellular algae and macroinvertebrates in ballast water.  相似文献   

Sedex brine expulsions to Paleozoic basins may have changed global marine 87Sr/86Sr values,triggered anoxia,and initiated mass extinctions     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Sedimentary-exhalative (sedex) ore deposits were formed by discharge of metal-rich brines into ancient ocean basins. Chemical, isotopic, and geologic data from several Paleozoic sedex districts suggest that the brine discharges also supplied enormous quantities of radiogenic Sr and biolimiting nutrients to the oceans. Seven middle Paleozoic sedex events appear to coincide with short-duration positive excursions (“spikes”) in the global marine Sr-isotope record that are not explained by current oceanic models. These strong temporal correlations, combined with mass balance evidence and oceanographic modeling, suggest the flux of radiogenic Sr-rich sedex brines may have been sufficient to cause these prominent spikes. If these sedex hydrothermal events are recorded in the secular record, then the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr record may provide a unique tool for ore genesis studies and for assessing the mineral potential of sedimentary basins of different ages.The apex of these enigmatic ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr spikes correlate with global δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O spikes, periods of global anoxia, deposition of metal-rich black shales, deposition of ironstones, climate change, metal-induced malformation (teratology) of marine organisms and significant mass extinctions. While the relationships among these phenomena remain poorly understood and diverse models for these events have been proposed, most invoke an increased flux of biolimiting nutrients resulting in ocean eutrophication. Evidence that the flux of key biolimiting nutrients and metals contained in sedex brines may have been equivalent to or surpass that of the total modern riverine flux to the ocean suggests that these sedex brine exhalations may have triggered global chemical and biological events.  相似文献   

Interfacial tension between CO₂ and brine (NaCl + CaCl₂) at elevated pressures and temperatures: The additive effect of different salts     

C.A. Aggelopoulos  M. RobinO. Vizika 《Advances in water resources》2011,34(4):505-511

An extensive laboratory study was conducted to measure the interfacial tension (IFT) between CO₂ and brine consisting in equal molal concentrations of NaCl and CaCl₂. The experiments were repeated at various pressures, temperatures and salinities that are representative of conditions prevailing during CO₂ storage in deep saline aquifers. The dependence of CO₂/brine IFT on pressure and temperature is similar to that previously reported for the systems: CO₂/NaCl solution and CO₂/CaCl₂ solution. CO₂/brine IFT increases linearly with water salinity and the magnitude of this increase was found equal to the sum of the individual CO₂/NaCl solution and CO₂/CaCl₂ solution IFT increments, indicating a strong additive effect on IFT when the brine is composed of various salts.  相似文献