资源产业依赖、人力资本与“资源诅咒”假说——基于资源型城市的再检验     

赵领娣  徐乐  张磊 《地域研究与开发》2016,(4):52-57

利用2003—2013年中国典型资源型城市的面板数据,在考虑潜在内生性的条件下,使用动态面板系统广义矩估计方法,开展"资源诅咒"假说的再检验,进一步讨论资源型城市的人力资本能否有效缓解"资源诅咒"。结果表明:中国资源型城市普遍存在"资源诅咒"现象;人力资本对经济增长的正向作用虽在一定程度上可以弥补资源产业依赖对增长的负向作用,但却不能明显抑制"资源诅咒";资源型城市普遍存在资源产业依赖对人力资本投资的"挤出"。  相似文献   

北京市风险投资的空间分布与合作网络研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

徐宜青  潘峰华  江小雨  曲亚霖  梁进社 《地理科学进展》2016,35(3):358-367

国内外有关风险投资(VC)空间集聚的研究大多基于国家层面,本文基于北京市VC机构的位置和联合投资信息,运用本文空间分析与社会网络分析技术,研究VC机构的空间集聚和合作网络。空间分析发现,VC机构主要集聚在CBD、金融街、中关村三大核心区;在时间尺度上呈现分散—集聚—再分散的趋势。其中,国资机构主要集聚于金融街,外资机构主要落户于CBD,且以私募基金(PE)类机构为主;中关村则依托高新技术成为创新型企业的融资区。叠加合作网络后进一步发现,城市尺度下的VC机构合作并不受地理区位限制,并且各个VC集聚区之间关系颇为紧密。按“中心度”到“边缘—核心”的递推分析表明,外资机构在北京市风险投资合作网络中具有突出地位,其对联合投资的偏好主导了网络的形态。国资虽占据了部分网络节点但核心地位不够突出,而本土民营机构虽然数量较大但在网络中多处于半边缘位置。  相似文献   

科尔沁沙地东南缘近3000年来植被演化与人类活动   总被引：19，自引：1，他引：18  

任国玉 《地理科学》1999,19(1):42-48

在科尔沁沙地东南部,以蒙古栎为代表的乔木花粉从３１００ａＢ．Ｐ．开始显著下降,蒿属和藜科等草本植物花粉逐渐上升,藜科花粉开始上升时间又迟于蒿属花粉。这说明,原业的固定沙丘有一部分首先转化为半固定沙丘,半固定沙丘后来又转变成半流动和流动沙丘。  相似文献   

全球变化与浙江洪水大势   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

冯利华 《热带地理》1999,19(1):62-66

根据历史和实测资料分析,对于全球变化下浙江近期洪水的运作大势,可得如下几点认识：（１）在未来的十几年之内,浙江省将处在枯水年占优势的阶段,但全球变化将使浙江洪水的时空变化更为剧烈,使沿海地区的洪水灾害更为严重。（２）由于浙江省的大中洪水一般都集中在太阳黑子活动的峰谷年前后,而近期的２００４年和２００９年分别是黑子活动第２３周期的峰年和谷年,因此这两年前后必须予以足够的重视。（３）浙江洪水对厄尔尼诺现象具有较好的响应,因此厄尔尼诺同年或次年也必须引起足够的重视。（４）根据浙江历史上的台风重灾年资料,利用灰色灾变预测分析,可得浙江未来第一、第二和第三个台风重灾年分别为２００１、２００４和２００８年,其中后两个台风重灾年与太阳黑子活动第２３周期的峰年和谷年是大致吻合的。（５）植被破坏、河道设障等人类活动会产生一定的增灾效应,从而使浙江未来的洪水灾害更为严重。  相似文献   

区域可持续发展的若干理论问题研究   总被引：21，自引：5，他引：16  

申玉铭  毛汉英 《地理科学进展》1999,18(4):287-295

区域可持续发展是一项涉及到自然、经济、社会三个子系统组成的动态、开放复杂系统, 其研究内容涉及到地理学、资源管理、生态学、环境科学、人口学、系统工程、经济学、社会学等许多相关领域。本文以人地关系地域系统理论为基础, 从区域与区域之间不同时空尺度的PRED相互联系、相互影响的制约关系出发, 分析了人地系统的特点、结构和功能,并探讨了人地关系优化的核心、区域可持续发展的理论模式以及可持续发展的系统调控等问题。  相似文献   

中国南方地区土地退化动态变化及人类活动影响   总被引：22，自引：3，他引：19  

卢金发 《地理科学进展》1999,18(3):215-221

中国南方典型研究区50 年代和80 年代土地退化的对比分析表明, 近几十年来, 不同人类活动地区土地退化变化呈现出各自不同的特点, 土地退化发展最严重的地区既不是人口密度较小和经济较落后的基岩山区,也不是人口密度大、经济发达和土地开垦程度高的低丘岗地区, 而是人口增长速度较快, 经济不够发达的低山丘陵地区。  相似文献   

深海潜水器谱系化框架探索研究          下载免费PDF全文

苏晓云  曹俊  胡中惠  赵晓宇  岳彭 《海洋开发与管理》2023,40(9):8-12

深海潜水器是我国走向深远海的重要装备,国家在“十三五”规划纲要中提出了蛟龙探海工程,这是国家对海洋事业的整体布局和规划。通过几十年的技术取得跨越性发展,研制出了“蛟龙” “潜龙”系列、“海龙” “海马” “海斗” “海燕”等不同类型和深度的深海系列装备,并逐渐向谱系化发展。未来将根据海洋科学研究、海洋资源开发利用、海洋权益维护的需求,研发出更多符合实际要求的深海装备。文章借鉴其他高科技领域,开展潜水器谱系化探索研究,构建谱系化框架。  相似文献   

Copula-based identification of the non-stationarity of the relation between runoff and sediment load     

Shengzhi Huang  Pei Li  Qiang Huang  Guoyong Leng 《国际泥沙研究》2017,32(2)

It is important to identify the non-stationarity in the relation between runoff and sediment load under the backdrop of the changing environment. This relation helps to further understand the mechanisms of runoff and sediment yield. A copula-based method was used to detect possible change points in the relation between runoff and sediment load in the Wei River Basin (WRB), China, where soil erosion is a very severe issue. The modified Mann-Kendall trend test method was applied to obtain the trends of runoff and sediment load spanning 1960–2010 at monthly and annual timescales. Finally, the causes of the identified non-stationarity of the relation between runoff and sediment load were roughly analyzed from the perspective of climate change and human activities. Results indicated that:(1) the runoff and sediment load in the Jinghe and Wei rivers were generally characterized by noticeably decreasing trends at both monthly and annual timescales;(2) both the Jinghe and Wei rivers had a common change point (2002), implying that the stationarity of the relation between runoff and sediment load in the Jinghe and Wei River was invalid; (3) human activities including increasing water consumption and growing application of soil conservation practices are dominant factors resulting in non-stationarity in the rela-tion between runoff and sediment load in the WRB. This study provides a new idea for identifying the non-stationarity of multivariate relation in the hydro-meteorological field under the background of the changing environment.  相似文献   

关于地勘单位实施人才兴企战略的思考     

张琳 《四川地质学报》2005,25(1):56-58

地勘单位在属地化、企业化、市场化转变中,要树立人才新理念,加大人才资本的投资,优化人才工作环境,创新人才工作机制,牢牢抓住人才培养、吸引、使用三个环节,加快人才资源向人才资本的转变,充分发挥人才资本的营运作用,实现地勘单位发展的新跨越。  相似文献   

Anthropogenic threat assessment of marine-associated fauna in Spencer Gulf,South Australia     

《Marine Policy》2017

Assessing the vulnerability of species to [anthropogenic threats is an essential step when developing management strategies for wild populations. With industrial development forecasted to increase in Spencer Gulf, South Australia, it is crucial to assess the ongoing effects of anthropogenic threats to resident and migratory species. Expert elicitation was used to assess 27 threats against 38 threatened, protected, and iconic marine-associated species. Species and threat interactions were assessed individually, and as taxonomic or functional groups. Climate change had the greatest overall exposure (c.f. risk) across species, followed by disturbance, pollution, disease/invasive species, and fishing/aquaculture threats. The largest overall sensitivities (c.f. consequences) were pollution and disease/invasive species, followed by climate change, disturbance and fishing/aquaculture threats. Vulnerability scores (exposure x sensitivity) showed the climate change group posing the greatest overall threat in Spencer Gulf, with individual climatic threats ranking as three of the top four biggest threats to most animal groups. Noise, shipping, and net fishing were considered the greatest region-specific individual threats to marine mammals; as were trawl fishing, line fishing, and coastal activities to fish/cuttlefish; trawl fishing, line fishing, and net fishing to elasmobranchs; and oil spill, disease, and coastal activities to sea/shorebirds. Eighteen of the 20 highest vulnerability scores involved the short-beaked common dolphin, Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, and Australian sea lion, highlighting the particular susceptibility of these species to specific threats. These findings provide a synthesis of key threats and vulnerable species, and give management a basis to direct future monitoring and threat mitigation efforts in the region.  相似文献