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11.
广西弄岗不同演替阶段植被群落的小气候特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
探讨了广西弄岗自然保护区不同演替阶段群落不同梯度的气温、湿度、土壤温度、光照强度的日变化特征,结果表明各演替群落的平均气温,最高温度,最低温度,气温上升和下降的速度随着群落演替的进展呈下降趋势,各群落的气温垂直变化一般随高度增加而增加;各演替阶段群落的土壤5cm处的温度变化呈不规则的单峰曲线;随着演替的进展,各群落的空气相对湿度增大,空气相对湿度的变幅随着演替的进展而变小;一般来说,随着高度的增加,各演替阶段的光照强度也增加. 相似文献
12.
额济纳绿洲夏末典型晴天小气候特征分析 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
绿洲系统特有的地理地貌形成了绿洲特殊的小气候特征。利用额济纳绿洲2003年9月8～10日小气候观测资料，分析了绿洲柽柳林的小气候特征。在柽柳林内，地表和近地层大气温度有明显的日变化，日间地表给大气加热，大气温度呈超绝热递减率随高度递减；夜间大气给地表加热，大气为稳定层结。近地层空气湿度的日变化与温度相反。林内空气温度的垂直分布主要取决于冠层与地表吸收太阳辐射状况。在林冠顶层，白天以上升气流为主，夜间以下沉气流为主，绿洲荒漠环流效应已经不明显。绿洲上空大气浑浊度小，对太阳辐射的削减较少，绿洲具有很好的光资源背景。 相似文献
13.
Cities are not only major contributors to global climate change but also stand at the forefront of climate change impact. Quantifying and assessing the risk potentially induced by climate change has great significance for cities to undertake positive climate adaptation and risk prevention. However, most of the previous studies focus on global, national or regional dimensions, only a few have attempted to examine climate change risk at an urban scale and even less in the case of a recent literature review. As a result, a quantitative assessment of climate change risk for cities remains highly challenging. To fill this gap, the article makes a critical review of the recent literature on urban-scale climate change risk assessment, and classifies them into four major categories of studies which jointly constitute a stepwise modelling chain from global climate change towards urban-scale risk assessment. On this basis, the study summarizes the updated research progresses and discusses the major challenges to be overcome for the seamless coupling of climate simulation between different scales, the reproduction of compound climate events, the incorporation of non-market and long-lasting impacts and the representation of risk transmission insides or beyond a city. Furthermore, future directions to advance quantitative assessment of urban-scale climate change risk are highlighted, with fresh insights into improving study methodology, enriching knowledge of climate change impact on city, enhancing abundance and accessibility to data, and exploring the best practice to provide city-specific climate risk service. 相似文献
14.
Analysis of an oasis microclimate in China’s hyperarid zone 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The microclimate of a desert oasis in China’s hyperarid zone was monitored, analysed and compared to that of nearby forested
lands. Factors associated with differences in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) between clear, cloudy and dust storm
days are discussed. Desert oases were shown to fulfill ecological functions such as altering solar radiation, adjusting near-ground
and land surface temperatures, reducing temperature differences, lowering wind velocity, and increasing soil and atmospheric
humidity. Total solar radiation within the oasis was roughly half that above the forest canopy. During the growing season,
air temperatures in Populus euphratica Olivier and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. woodlands were, on average, 1.62 and 0.83°C lower, respectively, than that in surrounding woodlands. The greater the
forest cover, the greater was the difference in temperature. Air temperature was higher at the upper storey than that at the
lower storey of the community, i.e., air temperature increased with increasing height above the soil surface. During the growing
season, relative humidity was higher in woodlands than in surrounding areas: relative humidity in P. euphratica and T. ramosissima woodlands were, on average, 8.5 and 4.2% higher, respectively, than that in the surrounding area. Mean wind velocity in the
P. euphratica forest land was 0.33 m/s, 2.31 m/s lower than that in the surrounding area. On dust storm days PAR and total radiation, Q, were significantly lower than that on cloudy or clear days. Their ratio, η
Q
= PAR/Q, was larger and much more variable on dust storm days than that on clear or cloudy days. 相似文献
15.
根据大量资料分析和实地考察,对我国塑料大棚小气候开发利用进行了综述,并对蔬菜大棚气象服务进行探讨,为塑料大棚应用于农业产业化,取得更好经济效益,提供参考。 相似文献
16.
Cities are not only major contributors to global climate change but also stand at the forefront of climate change impact. Quantifying and assessing the risk potentially induced by climate change has great significance for cities to undertake positive climate adaptation and risk prevention. However, most of the previous studies focus on global, national or regional dimensions, only a few have attempted to examine climate change risk at an urban scale and even less in the case of a recent literature review. As a result, a quantitative assessment of climate change risk for cities remains highly challenging. To fill this gap, the article makes a critical review of the recent literature on urban-scale climate change risk assessment, and classifies them into four major categories of studies which jointly constitute a stepwise modelling chain from global climate change towards urban-scale risk assessment. On this basis, the study summarizes the updated research progresses and discusses the major challenges to be overcome for the seamless coupling of climate simulation between different scales, the reproduction of compound climate events, the incorporation of non-market and long-lasting impacts and the representation of risk transmission insides or beyond a city. Furthermore, future directions to advance quantitative assessment of urban-scale climate change risk are highlighted, with fresh insights into improving study methodology, enriching knowledge of climate change impact on city, enhancing abundance and accessibility to data, and exploring the best practice to provide city-specific climate risk service. 相似文献
17.
18.
河西戈壁（化音）小气候和热量平衡特征的初步分析 总被引：52，自引：33，他引：52
本文分析了1988年9月在甘肃省临泽县城西南侧戈壁获得的近地面层微气象观测资料。结果表明:白天晴空一般都是超绝热不稳定状态,并存在一种逆湿现象,造成向下输送的水气通量。这可能是由于戈壁地表极其干燥,没有蒸发,上层大气湿度反而比近地面层高,致使水汽从上往下输送。这时在地表面热量平衡过程中,潜热可以忽略不计,感热占绝对优势。 相似文献
19.
海南地区红毛丹种植气象条件分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析海南地区红毛丹种植所需的气象条件和影响它的气象灾害，并提出应对措施，为红毛丹种植中更好地利用气候资源，提供科学依据。 相似文献
20.
基于ENVI-met的北京典型住宅区微气候数值模拟分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于三维微气候模拟软件ENVI-met,以北京典型住宅区为研究对象,建立实况及设有屋顶绿化两种场景下的三维数值模拟模型,对研究区的微气候特征进行模拟分析。结果表明：微气候ENVI-met模型经过多次参数校正后,模型模拟结果与实测结果较接近,能较好反应微尺度气候的分布特征;屋顶经过简单的绿化后具有较好的降温增湿效果,使研究区平均温度降低了2—3℃,相对湿度增加了2.7％,风速由0.32—2.70 m·s－1降低至0.40—1.11 m·s－1,整体下降了0.34 m·s－1。ENVI-met通过三维模型可有效地应用于微气候模拟评价中,对评估当地微气候设计和城市规划具有一定的应用性。 相似文献