Salinity-related variation in gene expression in wild populations of the black-chinned tilapia from various West African coastal marine,estuarine and freshwater habitats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mbaye Tine  David J. McKenzie  François Bonhomme  Jean-Dominique Durand 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

This study measured the relative expression of the genes coding for Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase 1α(NAKA), voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), cytochrome c oxidase-1 (COX), and NADH dehydrogenase (NDH), in gills of six wild populations of a West African tilapia species, acclimatised to a range of seasonal (rainy or dry) salinities in coastal, estuarine and freshwater sites. Previous laboratory experiments have demonstrated that these genes, involved in active ion transport, oxidative phosphorylation, and intra-cellular ATP transport, are relatively over-expressed in gill tissues of this species acclimated to high salinity. Positive correlations between relative expression and ambient salinity were found for all genes in the wild populations (Spearman rank correlation, p < 0.05), although for some genes these were only significant in either the rainy season or dry season. Most significantly, however, relative expression was positively correlated amongst the four genes, indicating that they are functionally interrelated in adaptation of Sarotherodon melanotheron to salinity variations in its natural environment. In the rainy season, when salinity was unstable and ranged between zero and 37 psu across the sites, overall mean expression of the genes was higher than in the dry season, which may have reflected more variable particularly sudden fluctuations in salinity and poorer overall water quality. In the dry season, when the salinity is more stable but ranged between zero and 100 psu across the sites, NAKA, NDH and VDAC expression revealed U-shaped relationships with lowest relative expression at salinities approaching seawater, between 25 and 45 psu. Although it is not simple to establish direct relationship between gene expression levels and energy requirement for osmoregulation, these results may indicate that costs of adaptation to salinity are lowest in seawater, the natural environment of this species. While S. melanotheron can colonise environments with extremely high salinities, up to 100 psu, this was related to high relative expression for all genes studied, indicating that this imposes increased energy demand for osmotic homeostasis in gill tissues. This study is the first to demonstrate, in fish and in wild populations, that expression of NAKA, VDAC, NDH and COX are interrelated in gill tissues, and are involved in long-term acclimatisation to a salinity range between 0 and 100 psu.  相似文献   

Combined Separation of Cu,Fe and Zn from Rock Matrices and Improved Analytical Protocols for Stable Isotope Determination   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

Paolo A. Sossi  Galen P. Halverson  Oliver Nebel  Stephen M. Eggins 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2015,39(2):129-149

Isotope ratios of heavy elements vary on the 1/10000 level in high temperature materials, providing a fingerprint of the processes behind their origin. Ensuring that the measured isotope ratio is precise and accurate depends on employing an efficient chemical purification technique and optimised analytical protocols. Exploiting the disparate speciation of Cu, Fe and Zn in HCl and HNO₃, an anion exchange chromatography procedure using AG1‐×8 (200–400 mesh) and 0.4 × 7 cm Teflon columns was developed to separate them from each other and matrix elements in felsic rocks, basalts, peridotites and meteorites. It required only one pass through the resin to produce a quantitative and pure isolate, minimising preparation time, reagent consumption and total analytical blanks. A ThermoFinnigan Neptune Plus MC‐ICP‐MS with calibrator‐sample bracketing and an external element spike was used to correct for mass bias. Nickel was the external element in Cu and Fe measurements, while Cu corrected Zn isotopes. These corrections were made assuming that the mass bias for the spike and analyte element was identical, and it is shown that this did not introduce any artificial bias. Measurement reproducibilities were ± 0.03‰, ± 0.04‰ and ± 0.06‰ (2s) for δ⁵⁷Fe, δ⁶⁵Cu and δ⁶⁶Zn, respectively.  相似文献   

羟基铁聚合阳离子插层蒙脱石对盐酸四环素的吸附特性研究     

谢函芮  吴宏海  管玉峰  何广平 《岩石矿物学杂志》2015,34(6):873-879

成功制备了羟基铁聚合阳离子插层蒙脱石(Fe-Mt),采用XRD、FT-IR、TEM和BET比表面积测定等方法对其结构进行表征,并以盐酸四环素(TC)作为目标污染物,系统开展了Fe-Mt对TC的吸附性能研究,最后考察了溶液pH值、阴离子种类及其浓度对TC吸附的影响。研究结果表明,采用Langmuir和Freundlich两种等温吸附模型均可很好描述pH=3.0时Fe-Mt对TC的吸附,但前者(R20.98)相对优于后者(R20.98)。酸性条件有利于TC的吸附,同时Fe-Mt对TC的吸附随着背景电解质浓度的升高而增强,这种现象正好与蒙脱石的情况相反。在优化反应条件下(吸附剂投加量为1.0 g/L),阴离子类型显著影响Fe-Mt对TC的吸附,对TC的理论最大吸附量的增大顺序为:SO2-4NO3-Cl-,分别对应500.0、339.0和316.5 mg/g。在酸性条件下Fe-Mt对TC的吸附机理表现为多种吸附模式并存,其中以表面配位和阴离子静电作用为主。  相似文献   

五硼酸钾水溶液的差示FT-IR和Raman光谱研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王奖  朱黎霞  李淑妮  夏树屏  高世扬 《盐湖研究》2004,12(1):19-22

研究了KB5O8·4H2O水溶液20℃时的差示FT-IR光谱和Raman光谱,对振动频率进行了归属。探讨了KB5O8·4H2O水溶液中硼氧配阴离子的存在形式(主要是B(OH)3、[B3O3(OH)4]-和[B5O6(OH)4]-)和相互作用。  相似文献   

25℃时K2B4O7-H2O体系的离子相互作用模型研究          下载免费PDF全文

李丽娟  姚燕  宋彭生 《盐湖研究》2004,12(2):23-28

根据硼酸盐水溶液中硼浓度不同时硼物种之间形成多种聚合与解聚的平衡反应理论和光谱学研究结果,利用已有的该体系25℃等压实验数据,拟合获得了该体系的两个化学计量平衡常数、各种硼氧配阴离子单一的以及二离子和三离子之间的相互作用Pitzer参数,确定了该体系在不同总硼浓度范围内各种硼氧配阴离子的存在形式与定量分布,将所获得的离子相互作用模型计算出的渗透系数与实验值进行了比较,获得了令人满意的结果。  相似文献   

阴离子树脂预处理-离子色谱法测定核纯氢氧化锂中阴离子杂质     

李伯平  王志龙  徐静  崔建勇  郭冬发 《铀矿地质》2019,(1):33-37,64

采用氨型弱阴离子交换树脂预先对核纯氢氧化锂溶液转型,消除核纯氢氧化锂溶液中的游离氢氧根基体,转型后的溶液采用阴离子色谱法同时测定杂质氟离子、氯离子和硫酸根离子。该方法获得的氟离子、氯离子和硫酸根离子加标回收率优于90%,对应检出限分别为:5.0μg/g、 11.0μg/g和24.0μg/g。  相似文献   

离子色谱法测定温泉水中多种阴阳离子     

冉华  陈坤华  孙自刚  王恩康 《地震研究》2009,32(Z1)

在用离子色谱法测定温泉水样中F~-、Cl~-、Br~-、NO_2~-、NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、PO_4~(2-)等阴离子和Li~+、Na~+、K~+、Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)等阳离子过程中,研究了用油泵超声波池内脱气法处理H_2CO_3过饱和水样以排除HCO_3~-对阴离子检测干扰的方法.研究采用青岛普仁仪器有限公司生产的PIC-8型离子色谱仪,分离柱为TSK-GEL SuperIC-CationColumn(150 mm×4.5 mm)离子分离柱,以1.9 mmol/L碳酸钠-1.8mmol/L碳酸氢钠作为阴离子淋洗液,流量为1.5 Ml/min;以2 mmol/L HNO_3为阳离子淋洗液,流量为1.0 ml/min,测定了腾冲火山区叠水河、大滚锅两个温泉水中的阴阳离子的含量.研究结果表明:该方法简便、快速、准确可靠,可在火山和地震监测中推广使用.  相似文献   

离子色谱法测定高纯镁砂中痕量无机阴离子     

伯英侯倩慧  余季金 《岩矿测试》2006,25(3):288-290

采用阴离子交换色谱电导检测法分析高纯镁砂（MgO）中的无机阴离子。MgO粉末在管式电炉1250-1350℃高温下通氧气加热，硫酸盐和氯化物等受热分解，气态生成物被40mL含25mg镁粉的0．25mol／LNaOH溶液吸收。方法的回收率为93．7％-95．3％，精密度（RSD，n=5）为4．32％-4．63％。对若干相关的分析技术问题，亦进行了讨论。  相似文献   

利用谱睿(Pre)技术超大体积进样抑制型电导离子色谱法检测超纯水中ng/L级阴离子   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

戴珏  王炯  杨静  张夕虎  刘肖 《岩矿测试》2010,29(4):341-344

利用谱睿(Pre)自动样品前处理技术,10 mL超大体积进样,对超纯水样品进行在线预浓缩,检测了电厂水中ng/L级的超痕量阴离子。选择的离子色谱条件为:高容量氢氧化物选择性IonPac AS18阴离子交换色谱柱,淋洗液发生装置在线产生氢氧化钾进行梯度淋洗,抑制型电导检测。该方法选用的自动在线水纯化装置CIRA可以将电导池流出的"废液"进行在线纯化,纯化后的高纯去离子水作为载体将十通阀上大定量环中的样品冲入到六通阀上的超低压浓缩柱上,最后运用阀切换技术实现进样。在提供稳定的系统空白的同时,该方法还具备自动化程度高、操作简单、重现性好、灵敏度高、系统稳定、节约时间、成本低廉等多方面特点。方法参数为:对于电厂水样品,常见阴离子的检出限(s/N=3)均低于2 ng/L,线性相关系数均大于0.999,方法精密度(RSD,n=10)为1.151%~3.347%。经中、日、韩、泰、美等多个实验室共同验证,该方法可靠实用,可以应用于火电厂和核电厂超纯水中阴离子的检测。  相似文献   

絮凝剂-树脂联合法从琼胶中制备琼脂糖工艺研究     

鞠豪  张全斌 《海洋科学》2020,44(9):139-145

琼脂糖是一种具有高凝胶特性的天然高分子红藻多糖,具有良好的物理、化学和热稳定性,在医学和科研方面具有广泛的用途。在琼脂糖制备工业中,传统生产技术的局限性造成了国内琼脂糖尚未规模化生产。因此,有必要开发新的成本可控的琼脂糖制备方法。本文采用一种聚丙烯酰胺和弱碱性苯丙烯系阴离子交换树脂联用的方法来分离制备琼脂糖,以江蓠琼胶为原料,通过单因素试验优化琼脂糖的制备参数并对琼脂糖的理化指标进行测定。所得琼脂糖硫酸根含量为0.22%、凝胶强度为1 524 g/cm²、透明度为58.9%,凝固温度为39.7℃、融化温度为87.6℃,表明其具有相对较高的质量。该工艺简单经济,对发展琼脂糖工业具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献