Investigation of the hydrogeochemistry of some bottled mineral waters in Hungary     

Ubul Fugedi  Laszlo KutiGyozo Jordan  Barbara Kerek 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2010

Bottled drinking water constitutes a significant part of total water consumption in developed countries and national and EU legislation regulates their market production. In the framework of an international project carried out by the EuroGeoSurveys Geochemistry Expert Group 36 bottled waters were obtained from public markets in Hungary in order to determine their hydrogeochemical composition. The objective of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between groundwater aquifer lithology and the processed and marketed bottled waters, and to develop a classification of bottled waters, based on their dissolved mineral content. Analytical results of this study are compared with the composition shown on bottle labels, and with archive hydrochemical data from the producing wells. Results show that, while processing of original groundwater, such as oxygen addition, iron or hydrogen-sulphide removal can significantly alter water composition, bottled water composition can be used for selection of sites for detailed hydrogeochemical and hydrogeological characterization. A simple and useful classification of bottled water quality is also presented that is based on natural groups of sampled waters derived by means of statistical data analysis methods.  相似文献   

Use of measurement uncertainty in a probabilistic scheme to assess compliance of bottled water with drinking water standards     

Alecos Demetriades 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2010

Ground water bodies are important resources for drinking water, including bottled water, and national regulatory bodies should assess their quality continuously. For this purpose, an effective assessment system of bottled water at source should be installed. A hierarchical nested balance design for the collection of random primary duplicate water samples, and their replicate analyses, is described, and the use of robust analysis of variance to estimate measurement uncertainty. The latter is subsequently used for the development of four probabilistic categories for the classification of element concentrations in bottled water with respect to legislative standard values, i.e., (a) compliant (below Lower Threshold Limit), (b) possibly non-compliant (possibly above Standard Value), (c) probably non-compliant (probably above Standard Value), and (d) non-compliant (above Upper Threshold Limit), for the reliable assessment of compliance to European Union and national drinking water standards. Overall, the quality of European bottled water is considered good, with the exception of a few that have concentrations in Mn, B, Ba, As, Fe, Ni, Se, and Al, which are definitely above the estimated respective Upper Threshold Limit and, thus, exceed the corresponding legislative standard value defined by European Union directives. National regulatory bodies should verify these results, and install an efficient assessment system of compliance to regulatory limits using the methodology described in this paper.  相似文献   

Hydrogeological conditions for the forming and quality of mineral waters in Serbia     

Tanja Petrović  Milena Zlokolica-Mandić  Nebojša Veljković  Dragana Vidojević 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2010

In the past researches conducted on the territory of Serbia, 5 regional geotectonic units have been distinguished with registered occurrences of 230 mineral springs. Recent analyses of the bottled mineral waters quality have not included systematic examinations of micro-components present in these waters. Based on the analyses of the bottled mineral waters (EuroGeoSurveys Geochemistry Expert Group), it has been observed that the water quality is greatly influenced by the chemical composition of igneous intrusions, regardless of the fact that the analyzed waters have been taken from different aquifers (Neogene sediments, limestone, flysch, schist).  相似文献   

The sandy channel-lobe depositional systems in the Gulf of Cadiz: Gravity processes forced by contour current processes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

V. Hanquiez  T. Mulder  P. Lecroart  E. Marchès 《Sedimentary Geology》2010,229(3):110-123

The sedimentation in the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic Ocean) is significantly controlled by the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW). Along its pathway onto the continental slope, the MOW is canalized by contourite channels, some of them feeding gravity sandy channel-lobe depositional systems firstly recognized in previous study [Habgood et al., 2003. Deep-water sediment wave fields, bottom current sand channels and gravity flow channel-lobe systems: Gulf of Cadiz, NE Atlantic. Sedimentology 50(3), 483-510.].Using very high resolution acoustic data and cores, a detailed characterization and a new evolution pattern of these channel-lobe depositional systems is established. Complex internal geometry of the lobes shows several depositional units revealing a polyphase evolution of these systems, with a general progradation punctuated by retrogradation and avulsion phases. A gravity origin controlled by contouritic processes and climatic changes is demonstrated for the feeding and the evolution of these sandy channel-lobe depositional systems. Climate oscillations, via the MOW variations, act as a major forcing of the activity of the channel-lobe depositional systems during the Late Quaternary.  相似文献   

哈萨克斯坦水资源及其开发利用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

龙爱华  邓铭江  李湘权  章毅  雷雨 《地球科学进展》2010,25(12):1357-1366

无论是国土面积、矿产资源、水资源,还是总人口或经济总量,哈萨克斯坦均是中亚地区的大国,其水资源开发利用在中亚极具代表性,研究其水资源问题对中亚地区人—水和谐及水资源持续利用具有重要的理论价值和借鉴意义。简述了哈萨克斯坦共和国自然地理与水资源条件,分析评价了其地表、地下及总水资源量。并在概述哈萨克斯坦社会经济及独立后的发展演变的基础上,回顾了哈萨克斯坦水资源开发利用工程及灌溉系统建设历史沿革,并重点分析了哈萨克斯坦水资源开发利用现状(包括引用水总量、农业用水和供需状况)及1991年以来的演变情况,最后对其水资源开发利用存在的现实问题进行了诊断分析。  相似文献   

吉尔吉斯斯坦水资源及其开发利用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李湘权  邓铭江  龙爱华  章毅  雷雨 《地球科学进展》2010,25(12):1367-1075

吉尔吉斯斯坦共和国地处中亚中心,山地众多,山脉纵横,冰川广泛发育,水资源十分丰富,是中亚五国的"水塔",控制着中亚五国的水资源命脉.吉尔吉斯斯坦经济社会发展潜力巨大且发展意愿十分强烈,研究其水资源及开发利用对找寻妥善的中亚水资源问题解决之道具有十分积极的意义.分析介绍了吉尔吉斯斯坦自然地理以及与水资源形成有关的气候、地形地貌和冰川融雪概况,评价了吉尔吉斯斯坦水资源总量.然后在阐述吉尔吉斯斯坦独立以来至今的社会经济发展概况的基础上,分析介绍了其主要水资源开发工程与水力发电、用水量变化,并对吉尔吉斯斯坦水资源开发利用中存在的主要问题进行了深入剖析.  相似文献   

玉溪大营街-常里温泉开发现状及环境地质问题     

宋子德 《云南地质》2010,29(1):64-68

大营街-常里温泉区机井密布,开发过度,导致地下水位急速下降。直排废水危及人类生态及作物生长等环境地质问题,综合研究后提出解决方案。  相似文献   

南水北调中线工程水源区老鹳河流域农业非点源污染关键源区识别   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王光谦  左海凤  魏加华  黄跃飞 《地学前缘》2010,17(6):13-20

识别关键源区可以为非点源污染的优先管理和控制提供决策依据。本次研究以南水北调中线工程水源区老鹳河流域为研究区,比较全面地考虑了氮磷流失的主要影响因素,建立了老鹳河流域农业非点源污染关键源区识别模型,进行流域农业非点源污染风险评价和污染关键源区识别。结果表明,流域内处于高风险区以上的地区占流域总面积的13.4%,主要分布于老鹳河中上游地区,相对集中分布于老鹳河干流及其支流沿河地区,零星分布于西峡境内东部和北部局部,为该流域地表水环境农业非点源污染的关键源区。其中,污染风险最高的区域只占流域总面积的3.75%,可划定为重点关键源区进行重点治理,同时应兼顾污染风险次之的区域。基于GIS的指标体系法能够快速而方便地识别流域非点源污染高风险区域并量化污染风险大小,从宏观上掌握非点源污染的空间分布特征并实施有效管理和治理。  相似文献   

贵州关岭大寨崩滑碎屑流灾害初步研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘传正 《工程地质学报》2010,18(5):623-630

2010年6月28日,贵州省关岭县岗乌镇大寨村发生特大型崩滑碎屑(石)流灾害,造成99人死亡或失踪。通过现场考察崩滑区的地质环境与斜坡岩体结构,认为斜坡体由似"干砌块石结构"的裂隙化岩体组成是发生崩溃式破坏的主要内在原因。超常暴雨(过程雨量237mm)条件下斜坡岩体后缘裂缝充水形成持续的"水楔作用"是斜坡岩体松动、倾倒垮塌的主要外部引发因素。碎屑(石)流块度的空间分布具有从源头向沟口逐次减小,碎屑(石)流运动冲击高度逐步降低,冲击速度逐步减小,并显示4个能级4个冲程的特点。根据动势能守恒定律,计算了每个冲程的最大速度,得出第1冲程为高速崩滑,其它冲程属于碎屑(石)流动冲击。未发现区域天然地震、光照水库诱发地震与外围历史采矿活动与本次事件相关的直接证据。由于滑坡后缘仍存在不稳定岩体,碎屑(石)流堆积体上多处分布直径3～5m的堰塞塘,说明碎屑(石)空隙的排泄能力不足,在未来暴雨条件下引发新的崩滑或形成沟谷型泥石流的可能性是存在的。  相似文献   

武所屯煤矿12煤老空积水区水文地质参数研究     

刘涛  李明建  曹保国 《山东地质》2010,(5):23-26

通过该矿12煤老空积水的疏放试验,选取相应的数学模型,计算了太原组12煤老空积水区的水文地质参数——渗透系数、充水系数;为滕北矿区类似条件下的老空积水疏放提供了理论依据。根据试验提出了利用集水廊道原理,扩大钻孔涌水量,节约工程费用,提高疏放效率的工程设计方法。  相似文献