Water quality modeling and sensitivity analysis using Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP) in the Shenandoah River watershed     

Mbongowo J. Mbuh  Richard Mbih  Comfort Wendi 《自然地理学》2019,40(2):127-148

This study used the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP) to simulate nutrients, dissolved oxygen (DO), and chlorophyll-a dynamics in the Shenandoah River basin and performed an uncertainty analysis to examine the complexity of these variables in water quality estimation and their influence on the Shenandoah River. Significant progress has been made; however, nutrient loads emitted into the Shenandoah River from nonpoint sources remain high. Modeling of three points on the Shenandoah River in Virginia and West Virginia provides an ideal case study since the river is classified by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality as being impaired. The results of a sensitivity test show that model error decreases with increasing model complexity and sensitivity. The model predicted DO values that tended to be close to the measured data, while total nitrogen and phosphorus tended to be overemphasized. Our results examine the importance of temperature, stream flow, and velocity in influencing water quality between seasons and levels on the different sections of the watershed.  相似文献   

Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Utilization of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus by Algae in Subtropical Coastal Waters   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Bangqin Huang  Huasheng Hong 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):205-211

Alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) and the availability of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) to marine algae were determined in Xiamen Bay and in algal batch culture systems. Results showed that APA changed with seasons, increasing to the highest value in summer and decreasing to the lowest in autumn and spring in Xiamen Bay. Tests on natural populations of planktonic algae and bacteria community showed that algae were mostly responsible for DOP utilization, while bacteria could not take up DOP compounds. Results from algal batch cultures also supported the above conclusion. Relationships between APA and environmental factors indicated that APA was negatively correlated with phosphorus level such as phosphate and small molecular DOP, and APA played an important role in utilization of DOP by algae. All the results emphasized the ecological significance of DOP in subtropical coastal waters.  相似文献   

Bioassessment Techniques for Monitoring of Eutrophication and Nutrient Limitation in Coastal Ecosystems   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jens Erik Lyngby  Sverre Mortensen  Nick Ahrensberg 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):212-223

Bioassesment by the use of the macroalga, Ulva lactuca L., was carried out in the Limfjord, Denmark, to assess the significance of nitrogen and phosphorus as limiting factors for primary production during 1985, 1993, 1994 and 1995 and for the detection of changes in eutrophication levels.

Minimum and critical tissue concentrations for nitrogen and phosphorus in macroalgae were identified. The concentrations of nitrogen were generally below the critical concentration level in June–October in 1985, 1993, and 1995 but in 1994 nitrogen was only limiting for primary production in short periods. Only in early spring in 1985 and 1993 were the tissue concentrations of phosphorus below the critical concentration level, whereas in 1994 up to 3–4 months showed phosphorus limited growth, indicating that significant changes in limitation patterns can occur between different years.

It was concluded that the use of biomonitoring techniques is well suited as a bioassessment method for direct detection and for providing a time-integrated measure of nutrient availability in coastal waters, and thus for assessing ecosystem health with regard to eutrophication. It is recommended that biomonitors and the concept of critical tissue concentrations should be used in environmental management and incorporated in future monitoring programmes.  相似文献   

海陆边缘沉积磷在全球变化研究中的意义   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

翁焕新 《地球科学进展》1999,14(5):524-528

从磷的生物地球化学循环的角度,讨论了磷与大气圈O2、CO2的关联模式,并通过研究磷的环境地球化学行为,揭示了海陆边缘沉积磷对古气候、古环境变化的记录及其对指示古全球变化的关键性,同时提出了中国东部沿海近代沉积磷的积累与全球变化的耦合作用关系,在中短时间尺度的全球变化研究中所具有的特殊意义。  相似文献   

江西雅山花岗岩长石中磷的分布及意义   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘昌实  黄小龙 《岩石学报》1999,15(2):291-297

雅山富氟高磷花岗岩具较高的全岩磷含量（０．１５％～０．５５％）,长石是磷的主要赋存矿物,磷以ＰＡｌＳｉ－２替换方式进入长石结构中。各种结晶习性的长石的磷含量各不相同。早世代钠长石和雪球结构中钠长石包裹体的结晶较早,平均磷含量分别为０．１８％和０．１９％,而晚世代钠长石和环带钾长石中钠长石嵌晶的结晶稍晚,具较高的平均磷含量（分别为０．２５％和０．２３％）。钾长石的磷含量相对于钠长石总体上较低,早期结晶的雪球结构主晶钾长石和环带钾长石的磷含量最低,分别为０．０４％和０．０２％,晚期细粒钾长石的平均磷含量略高（０．１９％）。长石对全岩磷的贡献率还与磷锂铝石等磷酸盐副矿物是否达到饱和有关,当无磷锂铝石结晶时,长石磷的贡献率约为７６％,反之则约为３１％。  相似文献   

厦门西港引发有害硅藻水华磷的阈值研究   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

林昱  林荣澄 《海洋与湖沼》1999,30(4):391-396

1995年10月,在厦门市国家海洋局第三海洋研究所的陆基水池中,应用海洋围隔生态系实验技术,研究了在无海流、盐度等因子干扰的情况下,磷的形态、分布及其与浮游植物生物量的相关性。结果表明,海水中的可溶性无机磷（DIP）随时间里指数函数减少。浮游植物生物量主要与可溶性无机磷密切相关：[Chl－a]=A×e-B[PO4],这种相关的浮游植物生物量表现2d左右的滞后现象。还探讨了限制浮游植物增殖的DIP的最低浓度为0．3－04μmol／L,从DIP表现浓度估算浮游植物可能达到的最大生物量为[Chl－a]=10mg／m3,并由此估算出引发中肋骨条藻赤潮的DIP的阈值为1．2μmol／L,作为赤潮预测预报的参考。  相似文献   

底泥释磷及其对杭州西湖富营养化的影响   总被引：35，自引：7，他引：28  

韩伟明 《湖泊科学》1993,5(1):71-77

杭州西湖是一个小型浅水湖泊,底泥由上部藻骸腐泥和下部泥炭层构成,其显著特点是有机碳含量特别高,氮含量也相当高,而磷的富集程度相对较低。通过实验室和现场模拟研究,考察了pH值、温度、溶解氧、氧化还原电位及上覆水种类等环境因素对底泥释磷量和释磷速率的影响。上覆水pH值在6.5—7.0范围内底泥释磷量最低;在较高或较低pH值时,释磷量倍增。升高水温或降低上覆水溶解氧浓度均能加速释磷。实验室模拟西湖底泥最大释磷量为0.368μgP/g。夏季现场模拟平均释磷速率为1.02mg P/m~2·d;由此估算底泥释磷量达1.346tP/a,相当于年平均外部入湖磷负荷的36.4％。底泥释磷对西湖富营养化起着不容忽视的影响。  相似文献   

洱海叶绿素a浓度的季节动态和空间分布   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨威  邓道贵  张赛  谢平  过龙根  王圣瑞 《湖泊科学》2012,24(6):858-864

2010年5月至2011年4月,对洱海叶绿素a的季节动态、空间分布及其与环境因子的关系进行研究.结果表明,水体中叶绿素a浓度存在明显的季节变化,其变化范围为4.11~24.30μg/L,年平均值为10.4±6.5μg/L,最小值出现在2011年3月,最大值出现在2010年9月.叶绿素a浓度在夏、秋季较高,冬、春季较低.在空间变化上,叶绿素a浓度在南部湖区最大,其次是北部湖区,中部湖区最低.Pearson相关系数和主成分分析表明,洱海叶绿素a浓度在不同湖区中与水温和透明度均呈极显著相关.总氮在北部和南部湖区与叶绿素a浓度均存在一定的相关性,而总磷与叶绿素a浓度在南部湖区存在一定的相关性.根据修正的卡尔森营养状态指数,洱海综合TSI值为50.6,水质处于中营养状态.  相似文献   

沉水植物驱动的水环境钙泵与水体磷循环的关系   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

朱端卫  朱红  倪玲珊  肖鹏程 《湖泊科学》2012,24(3):355-361

水体磷循环是水柱和对应的沉积物中发生的各种非生物和生物的磷迁移转化过程.与此同时,沉积物中钙通过沉水植物吸收和转运,从该类植物的叶面释放至水柱中,释放的Ca2+与水柱中的CO23-一起形成碳酸钙.在这一过程中,水柱中少量溶解性磷分配在碳酸钙中形成CaCO3-P共沉淀,导致水体中可溶性磷向难溶性磷转化,这种由沉水植物驱动的水环境钙泵在水体磷循环中发挥着重要作用.研究证明,沉水植物菹草叶面上有CaCO3-P共沉淀的形成,且这种共沉淀的含磷量变化范围很宽.另一方面,新近沉积物中钙与磷的沉淀物存在一个由聚磷酸盐向磷灰石逐渐演变过程,而沉水植物叶面上的含磷共沉淀作用是否也存在由聚磷酸盐向磷灰石的变质过程,该过程在沉水植物生长期间是否发生关系到沉水植物除磷效果值得深入研究.本文从水体磷循环概述、钙在水体磷循环中的作用和沉水植物驱动的水环境钙泵假说及其在水体磷循环中的意义等方面综述了钙在水环境中的迁移对水体磷循环的贡献.  相似文献   

鄱阳湖沉积物间隙水中磷的含量及其分布特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

向速林  周文斌  聂发辉 《湖泊科学》2011,23(6):868-872

根据2010年1月对鄱阳湖各站点沉积物的采样分析,研究了鄱阳湖沉积物间隙水中总溶解性磷(DTP)与可溶性正磷酸盐(DIP)的含量及其分布特征,并对各站点表层沉积物间隙水中DTP和DIP的含量及其沉积物中TP与IP的含量进行了相关性分析.结果表明,鄱阳湖各站点表层沉积物(0 -2cm)间隙水中DTP的平均含量为0.134...  相似文献