壳低聚壳聚糖对农作物种子的生理指标影响研究     

孟显丽  高佃华 《海洋湖沼通报》2019,(4):151-155

壳低聚糖是小分子量的壳聚糖降解产物,目前在生产和生活中得到广泛应用。本文研究了用亚硝酸降解法制备的壳低聚糖对普通农作物种子生理和生化指标的影响。结果表明:不同浓度的壳低聚糖可不同程度地改善绿豆的生理生化指标,其中,以1.0 %浓度的壳低聚糖溶液效果最好。1.0%的壳低聚糖可不同程度地提高种子的发芽指数、活力指数和过氧化物酶活力,对种子萌芽和幼苗均有一定的促生长作用。因此,壳低聚糖作为一种新型植物生长调节剂,可以在农业生产中发挥一定的作用。  相似文献   

山东省海洋水产原、良种产业的发展和对策          下载免费PDF全文

田敬云  张守都  姜勇  赵喜喜  郑冰  刘学庆  胡建廷 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(12):42-46

为进一步提高山东省海洋水产种业的发展水平,促进海水养殖业和渔业经济的可持续发展,文章总结山东省海洋水产原、良种产业的发展特点,分析存在的问题,并提出对策建议。研究结果表明：山东省海洋水产原、良种产业具有起步较晚但发展速度较快,品种多、覆盖面广,代际连续性较强以及原、良种场建设全国领先的特点;目前仍然存在海洋水产良种的市场化程度较低、水产企业良种研发能力较弱以及国家级原、良种场的作用未有效发挥的问题;今后应重点推动育种技术进步,推进育、繁、推一体化发展模式,树立品牌意识,建立良种独立技术体系,加大对水产企业的支持力度,加强种质资源保护以及建立市场准入制度。  相似文献   

哈尔滨阿勒锦岛国家湿地公园野生种子植物多样性     

史传奇  于少鹏  李艳  胡宝忠  丛东来  孟博  丁俊男 《湿地科学》2021,(1):78-87

在哈尔滨市阿勒锦岛国家湿地公园,采用样线和样方调查法,对野生种子植物进行了野外调查,研究该湿地公园野生种子植物的多样性和区系特征.在该湿地公园共记录野生种子植物58科170属272种(包括2亚种和2变种),都为被子植物.其中,物种数较多的科有禾本科(Gramineae)(48种)、菊科(Compositae)(37种)...  相似文献   

准噶尔无叶豆地理种群种子萌发特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马文宝  张道远  尹林克 《干旱区地理》2007,30(5):674-679

准噶尔无叶豆种子具有明显的地理种群大小变异的现象。对大、小种子在3种光照(持续光照,12/12小时光照/黑暗,全黑暗)、5个温度梯度(10℃,15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃)条件下的最适萌发条件进行研究,结果表明:大、小种子萌发的适宜光照条件均为12/12小时光照/黑暗,在持续黑暗与持续光照条件下的萌发率无显著差异;最适温度范围是20~25℃,大种子在20℃、25℃下的萌发率(>85%),萌发指数均显著高于相同温度条件下小种子的萌发率(<35%)和萌发指数。大种子存在种皮硬实所导致的物理性被迫休眠,而小种子除物理性休眠外,可能还存在其他形式的深度生理休眠。准噶尔无叶豆自然状态下萌发率极低(≤3%),经综合分析,认为种子硬实和深度生理休眠可能是自然状态下种子萌发的困难主要因素,而土壤的光照、温度及湿度不存在明显的对种子萌发的限制。  相似文献   

文蛤稚贝的摄食、呼吸和排泄研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆荣茂  肖国强  柴雪良  林志华  方军  张炯明  董迎辉  胡利华  刘保忠 《海洋学研究》2007,25(4):32-39

利用实验生态学的方法研究了在25℃下文蛤稚贝对4种单细胞藻类的摄食率和不同温度对文蛤稚贝呼吸、排泄的影响。研究结果表明,单位质量的文蛤稚贝在单位时间内滤食4种藻类的质量和个数差异极为显著;温度对文蛤稚贝的耗氧率、排氨率也有显著影响,在12~32℃范围内,耗氧率、排氨率随着温度的升高而增大,O∶N值也随之而升高;在3组试验温度下呼吸Q10的平均值为6.06,排泄Q10的平均值为2.59。  相似文献   

高分辨率影像农田信息提取方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张艳玲  冯凤英  闫浩文 《地理空间信息》2010,8(1):78-80

选取河南省安阳市某地冬小麦长势良好的Quick Bird影像,首先应用数学形态学的开运算对高分辨率遥感影像进行分割,将种植冬小麦的农田与反射率较高的空地、道路、农村居民地进行区分,人工选择并提取需要分析的农田区域,计算其边界并进行细化,最终提取农田边界信息。整体处理流程基于VC++6.0编程实现。  相似文献   

ERDAS软件支持下的昆明市城区扩展对比     

蔡宏  李俊 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(4):72-75

在ERDAS软件中,通过数据导入、波段合成、几何校正、图像增强等处理,得到高质量的昆明地区2000年和2004年两时相遥感图像。用AOI种子扩展工具在图像上生成昆明市城区范围,做出城区扩展动态叠加图,并用测量工具测量统计得到:2004年昆明市城区面积已达180平方千米,而在2000年图像中这个数仅为130平方千米。在这四年内昆明市城区以年增长率1.64%的速度迅速扩展。且对比得出昆明市城区的扩展趋势,即城区主要向东南呈贡县方向,和东北金殿、松华坝水库方向发展,为城市土地资源的规划和治理提供依据。  相似文献   

Women and seed management: A study of two villages in Bangladesh     

Emily Oakley  Janet Henshall Momsen 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2007,28(1):90-106

Seed management has until recently been neglected in agrobiodiversity research. Gender dimensions in seed selection, processing, storage and exchange embody critical task areas in the human management of diverse crop species and varieties. This paper focuses on women's roles in seed management in field and homegarden crops in Bangladesh and reports on the findings of a study in two villages in Tangail District. Seventy-five women were surveyed with a questionnaire and subsets interviewed in-depth; focus groups conducted for women and men provided a means of cross-checking responses. Three distinct areas of agrobiodiversity were addressed: the gendered divisions of labour among agricultural tasks; the pervasiveness of seed saving among respondents; and seed management practices and techniques. The results indicate that while men have greater authority over field activities, homegarden production is the exclusive domain of women. Seed management is seen as an extension of women's domestic duties: women are responsible for all seed processing, storage and exchange for field as well as homegarden crops. The vast majority of seeds sown are saved on-farm by women, revealing important cultural, economic and environmental implications for agrobiodiversity conservation and local differences.  相似文献   

Characteristics and dynamics of the soil seed bank at the north edge of Taklimakan Desert   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

LI Ning  FENG Gu  TIAN ChangYan 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(Z1):122-127

In order to understand the potential of revegetation of halophytic community at the north edge of Taklimakan Desert, the species structure, storage capacity, the vertical distribution pattern and seasonal dynamics of soil seed bank and their interrelationship with community structure of above-ground plants were investigated. The results show that (i) 9 species were identified from seed bank in different seasons indicating that plant composition in this area was simple. (ii) The seed density in soil was 222±10.79 grain/m2 on average, and showed a seasonal variation range from 132±8.16 grain/m2 in summer to 303±12.70 grain/m2 in autumn. (iii) The similarity coefficient between soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation was 0.778. (iv) Vertically, seed densities declined with soil depth. 82.4% of total seeds were found in the top 3 cm of soil profile. No active seeds were found in soil profile below 6 cm. It is concluded that the seed bank at the north edge of Taklimakan Desert contains active seeds of all plant species observed on above ground, and is able to supply potential contribution to reconstruction of vegetation.  相似文献   

Supervised Mineral Classification with Semiautomatic Training and Validation Set Generation in Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy Images of Thin Sections     

Harald Flesche  Allan Aasbjerg Nielsen  Rasmus Larsen 《Mathematical Geology》2000,32(3):337-366

This paper addresses the problem of classifying minerals common in siliciclastic and carbonate rocks. Twelve chemical elements are mapped from thin sections by energy dispersive spectroscopy in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Extensions to traditional multivariate statistical methods are applied to perform the classification. First, training and validation sets are grown from one or a few seed points by a method that ensures spatial and spectral closeness of observations. Spectral closeness is obtained by excluding observations that have high Mahalanobis distances to the training class mean. Spatial closeness is obtained by requesting connectivity. Second, class consistency is controlled by forcing each class into 5–10 subclasses and checking the separability of these subclasses by means of canonical discriminant analysis. Third, class separability is checked by means of the Jeffreys–Matusita distance and the posterior probability of a class mean being classified as another class. Fourth, the actual classification is carried out based on four supervised classifiers all assuming multinormal distributions: simple quadratic, a contextual quadratic, and two hierarchical quadratic classifiers. Overall weighted misclassification rates for all quadratic classifiers are very low for both the training (0.25–0.33%) and validation sets (0.65–1.13%). Finally, the number of rejected observations in routine runs is checked to control the performance of the SEM image acquisition and the classification. Although the contextual classifier performs marginally best on the validation set, the simple quadratic classifier is chosen in routine classifications because of the lower processing time required. The method is presently used as a routine petrographical analysis method at Norsk Hydro Research Centre. The data can be approximated by a Poisson distribution. Accordingly, the square root of the data has constant variance and a linear classifier can be used. Near orthogonal input data, enable the use of a minimum distance classifier. Results from both linear and quadratic minimum distance classifications are described briefly.  相似文献