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11.
采用组化方法首次探讨碱性磷酸酶在文昌鱼体内的分布。结果发现 :碱性磷酸酶存在于腹褶部分表皮、围腮腔上皮、构成背鳍腔的内皮、肌膜、中肠腔和肝盲囊腔细胞纹状缘、生殖上皮和精原细胞中 相似文献
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动物型溶菌酶研究新进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
溶菌酶可以分解连接N-乙酰胞壁酸(NAM)和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖(NAG)残基之间的β-1,4糖苷键。g型、c型和i型溶菌酶是3种动物型溶菌酶。近年来,越来越多的报道表明这3种类型的溶菌酶在动物界广泛存在,g型和c型溶菌酶主要存在于脊椎动物中,i型溶菌酶仅存在于无脊椎动物中,部分物种中同时存在2种动物型溶菌酶。本文简要概述了溶菌酶在动物各物种中的存在情况和组织分布情况、基因组结构与系统进化以及溶菌酶抑制剂的研究新进展。 相似文献
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文昌鱼(Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense)属于脊索动物门(Chordata)头索动物亚门(Cephalochordata)文昌鱼科(Branchiostomidae),为国家二级保护动物。据认为(Carrol,1988),文昌鱼是和脊椎动物亲缘关系最近的现存无脊椎动物,在系统演化上,它介于无脊椎动物和脊椎动物之间,是研究脊椎动物起源的珍贵材料。此外,文昌鱼体内蛋白含量高达70%,并含有丰富的碘、铁和磷,脂肪含量低(Svetashev et al.,1994),在我国福建省和东南亚地区被视为美味佳肴。但是,近年来由于生存环境的改变和环境污染,文昌鱼种群在世界各海区都在减少(方永强,1987;Nishikawa,1992)。为保护这一具有重要学术意义和一定经济价值的濒危动物,开展全人工养殖的研究是十分必要和急需的。
杜琦等(1990)以及Wu等(1994)曾先后进行过文昌鱼人工培育的研究,取得了一些成果,目前,我们又开展了实验室培养文昌鱼的繁殖生物学研究。有关天然海区文昌鱼的产卵、排精及其受精卵胚胎发育已有大量描述(Wickstead,1975;金德祥,1964),但是,实验室培养文昌鱼的产卵、排精及其受精卵早期胚胎发育观察却未见报道。通过研究发现：(1)文昌鱼只有在雌、雄同时存在时才能产卵、排精,而雌、雄分开后都不产卵排精,说明文昌鱼产卵、排精很可能受性外激素的控制;(2)实验室培养的文昌鱼受精卵能正常发育,并形成正常幼虫。 相似文献
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Full maturation of goldfish oocyte was induced in vitro by 17 a-hydroxy-20B-dihydroprogesterone. The oocyte maturation involves GV migration to the periphery of the oocyte and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). In the experiment, incubation duration for GVBD varied in different broods of oocytes. Generally, if the duration for GVBD was shorter than 6 h, oocytes would have a better chance to survive after maturation and insemination. The maturation of nucleus (GV) and cytoplasm are not synchronous. Cytoplasm maturation occurs several hs after GVBD. Oocytes inseminated 8-9 h after GVBD have the highest fertilizing and hatching rate. Fertilized ova matured in vitro can develop to sexually mature adults capable of reproduction. 相似文献
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Effects of base analogues 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine on development of zebrafish Danio Rerio 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zebrafish （Danio rerio） genetic screens allow isolation of a wide array of problems in vertebrate biology. The effects of base analogues 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine on the development of zebrafish embryos are reported for the first time in this study. The early development of the zebrafish embryos was little affected by 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine, while the late development （organogenesis） was significantly impaired. Embryos exposed to 5-bromouracil mainly showed curled tail, wavy body, golden pigmentation and the mouth with protruding lower jaw. 6-aminopurine-treated embryos had defective anterior structures, curled tails and wavy body. RAPD analysis showed that the majority of 5-bromouracil-and 6-aminopurine-treated larvae and fish shared banding patterns in common with the control, suggesting that most mutagenesis induced by these agents are point mutations. However, some fish derived from 5-bromouracil-treated embryos had golden（gol） pigmentation; and RAPD analysis revealed that their band patterns differed from those of the control.Possibly, 5-bromouracil can occasionally cause relatively extensive changes in the fish genome. The results of this study may provide valuable help for detailed studies of mutagenesis. 相似文献
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ImODUcrroNTheVertchrateepidennisisinintirnatecontaCtwiththeenvironmentandre~environmentaladaptions.TheepidermisofterreStrialanbolsiskeratinedwhilethatofamPhibiousandaquaticfonnsisrelataltomucus-produCti0n.Theepidennisadsasafi-nalbatherbetweentheorganismanditsenvironmentandoneofitSrnainfunCtionsistoproteCttheorganismagainstextemalpathogens.lnadditiontoIneCanicalproedonofthebody,theepidertnisofamPhibiansandfishescansededinsandotherantibacterialpeptidesthathelpinthebonedefenSeoftheanhal(Su… 相似文献
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Three continuous marine fish cell lines of FG (i. e., Hounder Gill) from flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) gill, SPH (i. e. , Sea Perch Heart) from sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) heart and RSBF (i.e., Red Sea Bream Fin) from red sea bream (Pagrosomus major) fin, were characterized by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme and morphological analysis. The LDH isozyme patterns of these three cell lines and their corresponding tissues of origin were investigated and compared. The results showed: (1) No difference was found in the LDH isozyme patterns of FG and flounder gill tissue. However, the LDH isozyme patterns of SPH and RSBF were significantly different from their corresponding tissues of origin; (2) LDH isozyme patterns of FG, SPH and RSBF were markedly different from each other and could serve as genetic markers for species identification and detection of cross contamination. Morphological change analysis of these three cell lines in comparison to their original tissues indicated that FG cells still appeared epithelioid without morphological transformation. However, morphological changes were found in SPH and RSBF compared to their original tissues. Therefore, the cellular morphology was still plastic in the relatively stable culture conditions, and it was possible that change of LDH patterns wasrelated to morphological changes of fish cells in vitro. 相似文献
19.
Fertilized goldfish eggs were dechorionated with a pair of forceps and were cut off along or a little above the equator into animal and vegetative parts at desired stages with a glass needle or ligated into two connected fragments before cleavage with baby hair loop. Some of the ligated eggs were detached by further fastening soon after ligation, and some released later at different stages (2-cell, 16-cell, 128-cell, 512-cell, mid-blastula) to let the organ-forming substance (OFS) enter the blastoderm. The cholinesterase (ChE) in the resulting embryos was assayed. The results are as follows. 1. All the 142 embryos developed from the animal hemispheres cut off or ligated off before cleavage gave rise to hyperblastula in which no ChE activity was observed. 2. All 50 embryos obtained from animal halves isolated at the 8-cell stage produced ChE. 3. Embryos developed from the eggs released before the 512-cell stage formed ChE, but the later the releasing of the hair knots, the smaller the number of ChE-produ 相似文献
20.
Amphioxus, a cephalochordate, is an important model fish for studies in evolution and comparative biology. A successful cell
culture from amphioxus tissues in vitro would help understanding some basic issues. To determine the optimal culture conditions for proliferation of amphioxus cells,
primary cultures were initiated from buccal cirri, tail, gill, gut and metapleural fold of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense. The media tested were L-15, F-12, M 199, MEM, DMEM, PRMI 1640 and LDF, each was supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum.
The optimal conditions include tail tissue cultured in L-15 or F-12 with supplement of 20% FBS and 1.5% NaCl at about 25°C.
Supported by Doctoral Initial Fund of Ludong University (No.43304) 相似文献