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11.
通过对登陆台风Winnie(1997)的演变过程分析，发现登陆后的台风经历三个阶段：衰减阶段、变性阶段、重新加强阶段。其变性过程类似于Sekioka等人提出的复合型，变性后逐渐演变为Shapiro—Keyser气旋模型。通过对物理量的诊断分析发现，对流层中高层冷空气的下沉入侵以及对流层低层的暖平流是热带气旋变性的原因。冷空气的入侵使具有暖心结构的热带气旋演变为斜压结构的温带气旋。变性后气旋得到了重新发展，低层维持的较明显暖平流以及与高空急流相对应的散度区和高空涡度平流是导致气旋重新发展的重要物理因子。 相似文献
12.
2001年3月7日与8日在香港与昆明用电化学臭氧探空仪探测到了对流层低层异常的高浓度臭氧分布. 本文使用NCEP（美国环境预报中心）分析资料、中尺度数值模式MM5模拟的大气环流数据、卫星观测的东南亚地区的生物体燃烧状况、气溶胶指数等资料,分析了这段时间的天气形势、大气环流、空气的后向轨迹以及生物体燃烧产生的烟尘的轨迹,结果发现高浓度的臭氧空气来源于有生物体燃烧的中南半岛地区. 燃烧烟尘的轨迹还表明生物体燃烧地区的下风方的对流层低层臭氧的分布会受到上游地区生物体燃烧产物的影响. 相似文献
13.
The formation of a tropical cyclone is the result of a process in which an initial disturbance evolves into a warm-core low-pressure system; however, the origin of the initial disturbance and the features of the initial fields are overlooked in most existing theories. In this study, based on FY-2C brightness temperature data and the Japan reanalysis dataset, the origin and evolution of the tropical disturbance that became Typhoon Fung-Wong (2008) were examined. The results demonstrated that the initial disturbance emerged within a saddle-type field with large vertical tropospheric wind shear. The vertical wind shear decreased with the adjustment of the upper circulation; moreover, accompanied by convection over the warm section around the upper cold vortex, it provided favorable thermal and dynamic conditions for the development of a tropical vortex. During its development, the zone of associated positive relative vorticity strengthened and descended from the mid-troposphere to lower levels. This rapid strengthening of lower-level vorticity was due to increasing convergence related to the intensification of the pressure gradient southwest of the subtropical high. This indicated that the upper cold vortex and West Pacific subtropical high played very important roles in this case. 相似文献
14.
A mesoscale torrential rainfall event that occurred over eastern China in June 2013 is analyzed by using observational data. The results show that a mesoscale convergence line and a weak convective cloud line formed over the northern part of the Hangzhou Bay during the onset of the torrential rainfall event. A meso-vortex appeared over the confluence point of northeasterly flow associated with the Yellow-Sea high, easterly flow from rainfall area, and southeasterly flow from the Hangzhou Bay. The meso-vortex with a horizontal scale of 10–20 km lasted for about 1 h for stable surface circulations. The analysis of radar retrieval reveals that the meso-vortex in the boundary layer occurred at the south of strong radar echo. The formation of the meso-vortex turned to enhance convergence and cyclonic vorticity in the lower troposphere, which strengthened updrafts that are tilted into convective clouds and caused torrential rainfall. Thus, the occurrence of the meso-vortex in boundary layer is one of the mechanisms that are responsible for the enhancement of convective development. 相似文献
15.
ASYMMETRIC DISTRIBUTION OF CONVECTION ASSOCIATED WITH TROPICAL CYCLONES MAKING LANDFALL ON THE EAST CHINA COAST 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The asymmetric distribution of convection associated with tropical cyclones making landfall on the east China coast is studied with black-body temperature (TBB) data from Fengyun-2 (FY-2) geostationary weather satellite. The convection in various quadrants of the TCs is examined for the period of -24 to 6 h relative to landfall. The convection to the southern side of the TCs was much more intense than that to the northern side during the whole landfall period. The convection to the western side of the TCs was stronger than that to the eastern side for the time -8 h before and at the landfall. After landfall, the situation reverses. The asymmetric convection of the TCs was partly due to the vertical wind shear and storm motion, and partly because the process of landfall restrained the convection in relevant quadrants. Besides, the orographic uplift along the east of China was favorable to the enhancement of convection in the eastern side of the TCs. From the characteristics of convective asymmetry of the TCs landing on the south and east of China, it is known that their main difference might be the included angle between the TC path and the coastline as well as the terrain along the coast. 相似文献
16.
静止卫星云图是科研业务工作的重要观测数据。在静止气象卫星更新换代的背景下,旧版静止卫星云图处理系统已经不能适应处理新数据的要求。文章简要介绍了改进的静止卫星云图软件处理系统的新数据接口与新功能。新软件能够兼容的数据包括9210下发的多种类型AWX格式卫星资料,GPF(Geostationary-satellite Project File)格式资料,HDF5格式云图资料,北京大学存储的GMS-5、GOES-9、MTSAT-1R等资料;新功能包括云图动画、云图通道切换、客观分析诊断、等值线图、流线图、格点矢量图、云图的增强显示、通道间计算、TBB/反射率等值线图、TBB统计、卫星数据格式转换等。 相似文献
17.
登陆台风Matmo（2014）北侧弱回波区突发多条强对流雨带,造成严重影响。本文利用NECP/NCAR的FNL（Final）再分析资料,地面自动站加密观测资料、雷达拼图资料等对台风北侧连续出现的3条对流雨带的触发和发展过程进行研究。结果表明:初始对流是在弱的对流不稳定和条件对称不稳定条件下,由锋面强迫和地形抬升作用共同触发。接二连三发生的3条对流雨带是在台风北部高湿环境,长时间稳定的水汽辐合,明显的对流不稳定,局部弱条件对称不稳定条件下,由近地面辐合线在辐合稳定并加强后触发的,有利的环境和多层不稳定的叠加有利于雨带的发展和维持。先后触发对流雨带的3条辐合线在发生位置上相当接近。辐合线的形成一方面由海陆下垫面差异、江苏和山东南部海岸线曲率、台风风速随半径分布特点所决定;另一方面,辐合线2和3的形成还与它们北侧对流雨带的冷出流密切相关。对流带上的强降水中心往往对应着稳定的辐合中心,辐合中心主要位于风速大小梯度明显的位置上。而辐合线上的风速梯度主要受海岸线、地形附近的降水分布影响。 相似文献
18.
由于计算机性能的日益提高和普及，计算机绘图软件成为科研人员工作中的不可缺少工具。目前虽有很多业务应用的气象图形系统，如中国气象局9210工程开发的MI-CAPS系统等，它们在气象业务预报方面发挥了巨大的作用，但在气象科研工作上经常使 相似文献
19.
西北太平洋热带气旋变性过程结构演变及其环境分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用气旋相空间方法（Cyclone Phase Space,简称CPS）对58个经历变性过程的西北太平洋热带气旋的2 021个样本（时次间隔为6 h）资料进行分析,得到该区域热带气旋在变性阶段的气旋结构及其环境特征。聚类分析结果显示,强的热带气旋更易发生变性,变性开始于气旋非对称性增加,随之伴有高层冷心出现和加强,最后完成于低层出现冷心,变性维持平均时间约28 h。利用美国国家环境预报中心（NCEP）再分析资料对各聚类环境场的动态合成分析表明,发生变性的热带气旋在北移过程中逐渐嵌入西风带,在中高纬斜压系统影响下变性为温带气旋。对于发生并完成变性的热带气旋,其西北侧始终有明显的位涡梯度存在,而且在环境中有明显的水汽输送通道。 相似文献
20.
登陆台风Winnie(1997)的数值模拟研究Ⅰ:结果检验和云系的模拟 总被引：22，自引：8，他引：22
用非静力平衡的中尺度模式MM5 (V2 )对 1997年 11号台风Winnie在登陆后演变为温带气旋的过程进行了48h模拟。结果表明 :MM 5不仅比较好地模拟出台风在陆地上的移动路径及其产生的降水 ,而且成功地模拟出了台风登陆后次中心的产生。利用模拟大气中的水物质 (云水、雨水、冰晶、雪水和霰 )模拟了台风云图 ,很好地展示了在卫星实际观测的红外云图上 ,Winnie台风在登陆后其云系的结构从热带气旋的螺旋结构到温带气旋的锋面云系结构的转变过程。因此对Winnie台风的数值模拟可以作为深入研究台风登陆后从热带气旋演变为温带气旋的变性过程的基础。 相似文献