切槽对TBM刀具破岩机制的影响研究     

周辉  徐福通  卢景景  高阳  肖建成 《岩土力学》2022,43(3):625-634

高压水射流与机械滚刀相联合破岩技术的出现,改变了传统隧道掘进机（tunnel boring machine,简称TBM）的作业方式。以高压水射流在滚刀两侧岩体切槽的破岩模式为研究对象,开展常截面滚刀压头贯入不同预切槽深度白砂岩板状试样的试验和数值模拟计算分析,对破裂后图像进行DIC分析,研究发现：切槽的存在,阻断了刀具贯入裂纹的拓展,使能量能够更加集中于压头下方的局部岩石块体,有利于形成“八”字形贯通裂纹,促进岩石的破碎;随着槽深增加,压头下方岩石内部的应力状态和力学响应分区逐渐过渡改变。槽深较大时,压头下方的力学响应区域在原有裂纹扩展区、弹性区之间增加了破坏过渡区,该区域内微裂纹被压密,区域内岩石存在较大变形,但未出现明显破坏;切槽后,滚刀压头下方的岩体破坏机制由无切槽试样挤压剪切为主导的径向裂纹拓展,演变为由刀具和切槽共同控制作用—拉伸剪切为主导的主裂纹扩展。  相似文献   

洗砂泥浆压滤脱水性能及快速检测方法     

詹良通  尹昭宇  陈萍  王顺玉  陈为武  蒋建良  管仁秋 《岩土力学》2022,43(3):769-776

工程渣土在水洗砂过程中产生的洗砂泥浆存在脱水效果差、不稳定的问题,这与泥浆的脱水性能密切相关。通过模拟现场洗砂工艺获得不同脱水性能的洗砂泥浆,开展了改进滤失试验及模拟压滤试验,研究了洗砂泥浆脱水性能受洗砂工艺的影响规律,获得了一种能够快速表征泥浆脱水性能的指标,用以指导优化渣土洗砂工艺。结果表明：洗砂泥浆脱水性能受洗砂粒径和加水量影响明显,滤失量及渗透系数与脱水性能有较好的相关关系;而30 min滤失量与最终滤失量、最终泥饼含水率呈现较好的相关性,能够较准确地反映泥浆脱水性能;经模拟压滤试验进一步验证,30 min滤失量可以作为洗砂泥浆脱水性能的快速表征指标。基于此提出了一套洗砂泥浆脱水性能的快速检测及工程渣土洗砂工艺优化方法,能够及时为洗砂工艺参数调整提供指导,以获得脱水性能较优的洗砂泥浆,最终使脱水效果得以改善和稳定。  相似文献   

贯入角度对截齿破岩性能与几何排布的影响研究     

肖建成  卢景景  周辉  徐福通  冯春 《岩土力学》2022,43(12):3372-3384

截齿贯入角度是双轮铣槽机布齿系统设计中的关键因素之一。基于连续−非连续单元法（CDEM）,建立截齿不同角度冲击贯入破岩的数值模型,通过断裂能本构模型实现岩体弹性−损伤−断裂的破裂过程,开展截齿有效角度50º～90º区间内的9组冲击贯入破岩模拟,研究贯入角度对截齿破岩性能的影响规律,讨论贯入角度对截齿几何排布的影响,总结布齿系统的截齿几何排布规律。结果表明,当贯入角度从90º降低到50º时,岩体由张拉−拉剪破裂向剪切−拉剪破裂转变,截齿平均贯入力与破碎程度提高,截齿的跃进式侵入特性的显著性减低;贯入角度为75º～90º的第I类截齿与小于55º的第III类截齿在破岩中起辅助作用,贯入角度为55º～75º的第II类截齿可在岩体内部产生范围较大的水平非贯通裂隙,在布齿系统破碎岩体过程中发挥主要作用;2个第II类截齿先后贯入岩体可较好地破碎截线间的岩体,可构成一类基本破岩单元,多个基本破岩单元按照正弦线形式排布,由此形成了一种布齿系统设计方法。研究成果为完善双轮铣槽机布齿系统设计方法,打破国外在双轮铣槽机布齿系统设计方法上的技术壁垒提供了理论基础。  相似文献   

花岗岩风化料弃土快速堆填过程中不排水抗剪强度评估     

詹良通  孙倩倩  郭晓刚  陈锐  陈云敏 《岩土力学》2021,(1):50-58

沿海沿江城市地下开挖产生的工程渣土含泥量大、含水率高且较松散,主要运往渣土场进行堆填处置。由于产量巨大而处置场地有限,许多渣土场在运营过程中存在堆填速度快、缺乏排水设施、超高超库容堆填等问题,容易引发堆填体失稳事故。目前对于非饱和工程渣土堆体在快速堆填过程中的失稳机制认识尚不清晰,尤其是对这一过程中的高饱和度工程渣土强度增长规律缺乏足够的认识。以深圳红坳渣土场填料——花岗岩风化料(CDG)填土为研究对象,对不同初始饱和度土样进行三轴不排水不排气等向压缩和剪切试验,结果表明:非饱和CDG填土不排水抗剪强度随围压增大呈非线性增长,增长速率与试样初始饱和度密切相关;当土样压缩后的饱和度超过0.7,不排水强度随围压的增长速率显著降低。基于有效固结应力法的原理,结合Hilf孔压公式和修正剑桥模型,提出了一种工程渣土不排水抗剪强度估算方法,并通过与试验结果对比验证了该方法对初始饱和度高于0.6的CDG填土的适用性。利用该方法确定的不排水强度cu与正应力σn的关系可应用于高饱和度工程渣土快速堆填中的稳定性分析。  相似文献   

CAUSAL ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE INSHORE INTENSIFICATION OF SUPER TYPHOON “HATO”     

于鑫  郑腾飞  万齐林  肖辉  刘显通  王婷 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2019,25(3):293-303

This paper comprehensively analyzes the characteristics and cause of the inshore intensification of super typhoon "Hato", the 13 th super typhoon in 2017. The aspects of typhoon structure, evolution of large-scale circulation and physical quantity field are analyzed using observation data from the Guangdong Automatic Station, Shenzhen Doppler Radar data, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, NCEP 0.25°×0.25° sea surface temperature(SST) data, etc.Additionally, in order to investigate the influence of SST change on the intensity of "Hato", the WRF model and ECMWF 0.125°×0.125° reanalysis data are combined to conduct 3 sensitivity tests on"Hato". The results show that the favorable conditions for inshore intensification of "Hato"included the strengthening and westward extension of the subtropical high, continuous increase of low level moisture transport, an anomalous warm SST area north of 20°N in the South China Sea, an extreme divergence value in the northern South China Sea exceeding 6 ×10-5 s-1, and vertical environmental wind shear between 1.1 m/s-4.8 m/s. The intensity of"Hato"was very sensitive to changes in SST. When the SST rose or dropped by 2℃, the minimum central pressure of the typhoon changed by about 13 hPa or 11 hPa,respectively. SST indirectly influenced the intensity of the typhoon through affecting latent heat transport and sensible heat transport.  相似文献   

NUMERICAL PREDICTION OF AN EXTREME RAINSTORM OVER THE PEARL RIVER DELTA REGION ON 7 MAY 2017 BASED ON WRF-ENKF     

肖辉  万齐林  刘显通  郑腾飞  冯璐  夏丰  陈景华 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2019,25(3):312-323

An ensemble Kalman filter based on the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-EnKF) is used to explore the effectiveness of the assimilation of surface observation data in an extreme local rainstorm over the Pearl River Delta region on 7 May 2017. Before the occurrence of rainstorm, the signals of weather forecasts in this case are too weak to be predicted by numerical weather model, but the surface temperature over the urban area are high. The results of this study show that the wind field, temperature, and water vapor are obviously adjusted by assimilating surface data of 10-m wind, 2-m temperature, and 2-m water vapor mixing ratio at 2300 BST 6 May, especially below the height of 2 km. The southerly wind over the Pearl River Delta region is enhanced, and the convergence of wind over the northern Guangzhou city is also enhanced. Additionally, temperature, water vapor mixing ratio and pseudoequivalent potential temperature are obviously increased over the urban region, providing favorable conditions for the occurrence of heavy precipitation. After assimilation, the predictions of 12-h rainfall amount, temperature, and relative humidity are significantly improved, and the rainfall intensity and distribution in this case can be successfully reproduced. Moreover, sensitivity tests suggest that the assimilation of 2-m temperature is the key to predict this extreme rainfall and just assimilating data of surface wind or water vapor is not workable, implying that urban heat island effect may be an important factor in this extreme rainstorm.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬地震采集技术进展     

苏海  郑德德  高棒棒  杜中东  段淑远  赵发通  赖生华 《地球物理学进展》2019,(3)

鄂尔多斯盆地南部黄土塬地区油气资源丰富,但是受表层复杂黄土地质地貌影响,一度被认为是地震勘探的"禁区".经过几十年来地球物理学者对黄土塬采集方法不断的理论创新与实践验证,已经具备了一套成熟的、适合于黄土塬的地震勘探技术.本文主要是对鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬目前比较成熟的地震采集技术现状进行介绍,包括:经过多年的实践,已经形成一套成熟的表层结构调查方法开展表层结构精细调查,来指导地震波的逐点激发因素设计;为了确保激发子波的能量和频带,通过"多井组合、基于岩性、含水性"的逐点井深设计;提出的黄土塬沟中弯线法、山地多线法、蛛网状三维、滚动非纵和三维等一系列的高效益、低成本地震观测系统,解决了黄土塬地震勘探的诸多难点问题.最后,对未来黄土塬地震采集技术的发展趋势进行展望.  相似文献   

基于重整化群方法的红层软岩损伤破坏逾渗阈值研究     

周翠英  李拔通  张鑫海  刘镇 《工程地质学报》2015,23(5):965-970

逾渗现象广泛存在于大自然中,当物体中起决定性作用的关键变量变化至某一阈值时,其状态发生突变,此时关键变量的临界值称为逾渗阈值。岩石在水的作用下的损伤破坏过程中存在着逾渗现象,可通过重整化群的方法来研究。本文针对华南地区广泛分布的红层软岩,探讨了其在损伤过程中的逾渗现象与破坏的本质关联。通过对典型红层软岩的微观结构分析,概化出红层软岩的骨架构件和胶结物构件,建立红层软岩的重整化群模型的基本单元,将基本单元进行组合,建立出红层软岩的重整化群模型。根据重整化变换规则,推导计算出其逾渗阈值。研究表明:当红层软岩在荷载条件下的破坏临近逾渗阈值时,其内部结构发生大量破坏,软岩内部从无序损伤突变为有序损伤,继之损伤破坏加剧,由稳定破坏向非稳定破坏突变,最终导致其失稳破坏。研究对揭示红层软岩损伤破坏机理具有重要意义。  相似文献   

THE LIMITATION OF CLOUD-BASE MASS FLUX IN CUMULUS PARAMETERIZATION AND ITS APPLICATION IN A HIGH-RESOLUTION MODEL     

徐道生  陈子通  钟水新  温焰军  谢东东 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2015,21(S1):11-22

A large area of unrealized precipitation is produced with the standard convective parameterization scheme in a high-resolution model, while subgrid-scale convection that cannot be explicitly resolved is omitted without convective parameterization. A modified version of the convection scheme with limited mass flux at cloud base is introduced into a south-China regional high-resolution model to alleviate these problems. A strong convection case and a weak convection case are selected to analyze the influence of limited cloud-base mass flux on precipitation forecast. The sensitivity of different limitation on mass flux at cloud base is also discussed. It is found that using instability energy closure for Simplified Arakawa- Schubert Scheme will produce better precipitation forecast than the primary closure based on quasi-equilibrium assumption. The influence of the convection scheme is dependent on the upper limit of mass flux at cloud base. The total rain amount is not so sensitive to the limitation of mass flux in the strong convection case as in the weak one. From the comparison of two different methods for limiting the cloud-base mass flux, it is found that shutting down the cumulus parameterization scheme completely when the cloud-base mass flux exceeds a given limitation is more suitable for the forecast of precipitation.  相似文献   

水生动物来源的抗肿瘤活性肽作用机制研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张永进  林琳  姜绍通  陆剑锋 《海洋科学》2015,39(8):116-124

<正>生物活性肽能调节人体多种生理功能,有提高免疫、抗肿瘤、抗病毒和降血压等作用,而且肽类物质的结构类型十分丰富,有巨大的药物活性筛选潜力,是当前国际药品与保健品界最热门的研究对象和极具发展前景的功能因子[1]。在中国,生物活性肽开发利用的研究起步较晚,易杨华等[2]从棕色扁海绵(Phakellia fusca)中获得一个具有较好抗肿瘤活性的新型类环七肽的phakellistatin(Pro-Gly-Phe-ProTrp-Leu-Thr),这也是首次从产于中国海域的  相似文献