基于GIS的大连市金普新区洪水淹没分析     

张静  倪金  马诗敏  逯兰 《地质与资源》2021,30(5):590-594

采用25 m分辨率的DEM并收集多年洪水位、潮位数据,以保证源数据的精度和可靠性.结合研究区地貌特征和水系分布,基于ArcGIS的空间分析工具采用种子蔓延法进行了有源淹没分析计算,得到淹没区范围和水深分布图.结果表明：淹没区主要分布在水库和河流下游的冲洪积平原和海积平原,淹没面积共318.08 km2,占全区陆域面积的18.6%.洪水淹没深度为0~7.6 m.以水库为种子点的淹没区域较大,淹没水深自种子点到海岸线逐渐增大;以河流为种子点的淹没区域呈带状分布,淹没水深自河流中线向两侧逐渐减小.  相似文献   

泉州湾湿地南方碱蓬种子水提物总黄酮含量及其抗氧化能力评价     

黄晓昆  黄晓冬  李裕红 《湿地科学》2011,9(4):340-344

以聚酰胺吸附—硝酸铝显色法测定泉州湾湿地南方碱蓬(Suaeda australis)种子水提物的总黄酮含量,并测定评价其在羟基自由基体系、二苯代苦肼自由基(DPPH·)体系、超氧阴离子自由基体系中的抗氧化活性。结果表明,南方碱蓬种子水提物得率为18.49%;水提物的总黄酮含量为2.74%,显著大于95%乙醇提取物(1.94%)、丙酮提取物(0.62%)、乙酸乙酯提取物(0.51%)、甲醇提取物(0.37%)和石油醚提取物(0.10%)的总黄酮含量。在不同的自由基体系中,南方碱蓬种子水提物对超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用相对很弱,在水提物的浓度为153mg/mL时,清除率仅为30%;但其对羟基自由基的清除能力较强,在施测浓度为20mg/mL时,水提物对羟基自由基的清除率达79.50%,弱于95%乙醇提物(90.98%),强于乙酸乙酯提物(70.35%)、丙酮提物(68.40%)、甲醇提物(65.50%)和石油醚提物(63.18%),其半效应浓度为0.53mg/mL;水提物对二苯代苦肼自由基的清除呈现明显的量效关系,当水提物浓度为200mg/mL时,对二苯代苦肼自由基的清除率可达92.44%,其半效应浓度为57.56mg/mL。可见,南方碱蓬种子水提物具有较高的总黄酮含量和一定的抗氧化能力,具有作为植物源抗氧化剂开发的潜在价值。  相似文献   

基于统计数据选取种子点的LiDAR点云迭代滤波算法     

王树根  王欢  孙明伟  陈奇  靳卫华  王博 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(6)

经典的渐进三角网滤波算法在LiDAR点云数据处理中应用十分广泛,但其滤波精度很大程度上取决于种子点选取的正确率。本文针对这一问题,在渐进三角网加密算法基础上提出了一种基于小格网高程、均方差和点密度统计数据选取种子点的迭代滤波算法。实验结果表明,本文的迭代滤波算法可有效避免低点等非地面点对种子点选取的干扰,且滤波结果生成的DEM精度较高,具有一定的实用性。  相似文献   

雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)种子萌发和幼苗生长对盐碱胁迫的响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李辛  赵文智 《中国沙漠》2018,(2):300-306

一年生植物是干旱半干旱地区植被的重要组成部分,是许多植物生态学关键问题研究的良好试验材料。为研究荒漠区一年生植物雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)对盐碱生境的适应能力,采用2种中性盐NaCl、Na_2SO_4及2种碱性盐Na_2CO_3、NaHCO_3按不同比例混合成30种溶液对雾冰藜种子进行胁迫处理。结果表明:在所模拟的均匀覆盖了总盐度50~250mmol·L^-1、pH 7.10~10.19范围内的30种盐碱条件下,雾冰藜的各项萌发参数和生长指标在对照组(CK)下最高,且均随盐浓度及pH的升高而下降,各处理组与对照组间存在显著差异(P<0.05);盐度、pH及二者之间的交互作用对萌发和生长指标均有显著抑制作用(P<0.05);不同盐碱组分对雾冰藜种子萌发和幼苗生长的抑制作用表现为Na2CO3>NaHCO_3>NaCl>Na_2SO_4。雾冰藜种子在萌发阶段比幼苗生长阶段对盐碱胁迫更敏感,盐度是种子萌发的主要胁迫因素,pH值则是幼苗建植的主要胁迫因素。盐碱条件下盐度和pH之间交互作用对雾冰藜种子萌发阶段和幼苗建植的抑制影响比单一的盐或碱胁迫的影响大。  相似文献   

北京汉石桥湿地恢复区土壤种子库初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李伟  许可 《湿地科学与管理》2017,(1):51-54

采用种子萌发法对北京汉石桥湿地恢复区土壤垂直分布的种子库储量进行了研究,将土壤分为3个层次,距地表分别为0~5 cm,5~10 cm,10~15 cm。结果表明:共萌发10种植物,其中3种植物由于在幼苗期死亡,处于待鉴定状态。其他7种植物分别是打碗花-旋花科、水稗-禾本科、毛马唐-禾本科、毛茛-毛茛科、苘麻-锦葵科、小藜-藜科、委陵菜-蔷薇科。0~5 cm土壤层萌发出10种植物,从鉴定出的植物可以看出,5~10 cm土壤层中,出现了4种植物,水稗占的比例较大;10~15 cm土壤层中,仅出现了1种植物,即禾本科的水稗。汉石桥湿地恢复区的物种数量较多,禾本科占据主要地位。湿地恢复区的种子库在维持地表植被植物多样性中发挥着一定的作用。  相似文献   

基于SAR图像的海洋溢油分割方法研究     

李淑清  李瑞华  王潇 《测绘工程》2017,26(2)

目前,海洋溢油污染在发生频率、分布范围以及所带来的危害程度上均居海洋污染首位。它对沿海城市生态、环境、经济的可持续发展造成严重破坏,因此越来越受到全社会的广泛关注。从众多海洋溢油分割方法中选取边缘检测算子和种子填充算法对SAR图像进行分割。首先运用欧空局的BEST软件进行数据转换以及图像预处理,然后使用ENVI软件对图像进行滤波处理。再用ERDAS软件进行灰度均衡和分割算法的实施,并针对算法的一些缺陷,进一步加入纹理分析使图像中的油膜与类油膜以及海水与海浪等更好的区分开。最后对不同的图像效果进行总结和比较。  相似文献   

宽壳全海笋稚贝呼吸代谢及其对若干环境因子适应性的研究     

肖国强  柴雪良  张炯明  林志华  陆荣茂  董迎辉  方军  胡利华 《海洋科学》2007,31(9):24-29

利用实验生态学的方法研究了不同温度对宽壳全海笋(Barnea dilatata)稚贝呼吸、排泄的影响以及宽壳全海笋对温度、盐度、pH、氨氮、底质等环境因子的适应性。结果表明,温度对宽壳全海笋稚贝的耗氧率、排氨率有显著影响,在14～34℃范围内,耗氧率和排氨率随着温度的升高而增大,排氨率与温度相关方程:y=0.01e0.4379x,R2=0.9948,耗氧率与温度相关方程:y=0.0896lnx 0.0912,R2=0.9558。O∶N(摩尔比)随着温度的升高总体呈下降趋势,稚贝呼吸Q10(温度系数)平均值是2.53,排泄Q10平均值是3.1。宽壳全海笋稚贝的适宜温度和盐度范围分别为15～30℃和15～25;pH的适宜范围为7.0～9.0;氨氮的96h半致死浓度为30.3mg/L,安全浓度为3.03mg/L。不同壳长的宽壳全海笋稚贝对不同厚度泥底质的适应性无明显差异。  相似文献   

盐度对大叶藻种子萌发和幼苗发育的影响          下载免费PDF全文

刘云龙  张学雷 《海洋学报》2016,38(2):104-111

大叶藻海草场是重要生境但在我国严重退化,亟需研究有效的修复方法。本文以桑沟湾的大叶藻种子为研究对象,探讨了盐度急变(0~30)对种子萌发、萌发后继续发育和存活及幼苗幼叶的光合与呼吸速率的影响,为以种子繁殖修复大叶藻海草场提供参考。结果表明:盐度降低促进种子萌发,盐度15及以下效果显著,盐度0时萌发率最高;盐度0~15中萌发的种子均可发育成幼苗,发育和衰亡的比例和速率受萌发盐度背景和萌发后培养盐度的双重影响——较高萌发盐度有利于种子萌发后的发育和存活,种子萌发后于盐度5~30中均可建成幼苗并存活、但在盐度0或1中发育至不同程度后全部死亡。盐度5~30范围内,幼苗幼叶均有净产氧,光合和呼吸作用及净产氧率具随盐度升高而增强趋势。于盐度0或5中萌发、盐度5~30中进一步培育的变盐育苗策略,最高实现了24%或12%的种子于2个月内建成幼苗并继续发育,可作为种子繁殖法修复大叶藻海草场的技术参考。  相似文献   

GENEBANKS: A GLOBAL PAYOFF*     

Nigel J. H. Smith 《The Professional geographer》1987,39(1):1-8

The number of crop genebanks, designed to conserve crop genetic resources and make them available to breeders, has risen dramatically in recent years. While few dispute the need to conserve crop germplasm to help boost and sustain agricultural productivity, the role of genebanks and their global distribution has become embroiled in controversy. Some suggest that genebanks are servicing mainly multinational seed companies and that industrial countries harbor the lion's share of crop germplasm collections. This article describes the importance of genebanks, analyzes their distribution and beneficiaries, and outlines how geographers can become more involved in the conservation and use of crop genetic resources.  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1987,39(1):94-129

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.  相似文献