城市热岛强度的数值试验     

李国平  李东川 《成都信息工程学院学报》1993,(4)

本文从大气热力—动力学方程出发,导出形式较为简单的热岛分析解,通过数值试验,讨论了城市热岛强度与影响因子(如平均风速,城市加热量,摩擦效应和大气稳定度等)之间的关系。  相似文献   

Detecting thermal boundary control in surface flows from numerical dynamos     

Julien Aubert  Hagay Amit 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2007,160(2):143-156

The geomagnetic field and secular variation exhibit asymmetrical spatial features which are possibly originating from an heterogeneous thermal control of the Earth's lower mantle on the core. The identification of this control in magnetic data is subject to several difficulties, some of which can be alleviated by the use of core surface flow models. Using numerical dynamos driven by heterogeneous boundary heat flux, we confirm that within the parameter space accessible to simulations, time average surface flows obey a simple thermal wind equilibrium between the Coriolis and buoyancy forces, the Lorentz, inertial and viscous forces playing only a secondary role, even for Elsasser numbers significantly larger than 1. Furthermore, we average the models over the duration of three vortex turnovers, and correlate them with a longer time average which fully reveals the signature of boundary heterogeneity. This allows us to quantify the possibility of observing mantle control in core surface flows averaged over a short time period. A scaling analysis is performed in order to apply the results to the Earth's core. We find that three vortex turnovers could represent between 100 and 360 years of Earth time, and that the heat flux heterogeneity at the core-mantle boundary could be large enough to yield an observable signature of thermal mantle control in a time average core surface flow within reach of the available geomagnetic data.  相似文献   

长江宜都河段茶店崩岸机理与防治研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

别必雄  徐卫亚 《工程地质学报》2000,8(3):272-276

崩岸是长江汛期大堤最严重险情。 1998年长江特大洪水后期 ,宜都河段茶店岸坡崩岸直接威胁长江大堤安全。本文分析了长江宜都河段的环境地质条件 ,宜都河段河流地质作用的基本特征。系统研究了茶店崩岸的形成机制及稳定性分析 ,最后提出了岸坡崩岸防治措施。  相似文献   

基于地下水污染预警信息系统的污染防治研究     

杨庆  姜媛  张伟红  赵勇胜  林健  陈忠荣 《城市地质》2015,(4):63-66

在地下水水质现状、地下水污染趋势、含水层固有脆弱性、污染源荷载风险、地下水污染危害性五个要素的基础上建立了地下水污染预警评价指标体系,利用GIS组件开发技术,与地下水污染预警模型相结合,采用VB.NET+Arc GIS和Engine+Access集成的组件式GIS二次开发模式,开发可脱离GIS平台独立运行的地下水污染预警系统。系统可分别进行研究区域的水质评价、水质预测、含水层固有脆弱性评价、污染源荷载风险计算、污染风险评价、污染预警分析。对典型水源地地区地下水环境污染的警度进行识别,对即将可能出现的警情进行预报,并依据警度划分了防护治理区、重点防护区和一般防护区,提出了相应的防治措施,为政府部门制定地下水污染防治规划服务。  相似文献   

浅谈如何在投标阶段控制岩土工程造价     

刘菊 《城市地质》2015,(Z2)

以岩土施工企业的角度论述岩土项目,在投标阶段对工程造价控制的重要性,以及如何在投标阶段通过优化技术设计、优化施工组织设计进行造价控制,通过招标文件及合同条款进行投标报价,并通过将成本控制提前到投标阶段以有效解决施工阶段容易出现的各种问题,提前控制岩土工程工程造价。  相似文献   

Capacity,capability and cross-border challenges associated with marine eradication programmes in Europe: The attempted eradication of an invasive non-native ascidian,Didemnum vexillum in Wales,United Kingdom     

《Marine Policy》2014

Increasing recognition of the threat which invasive non-native species present to ecological and economic assets has led to a recent surge in international, regional and national policies. Within the European Union, a draft EU Regulation on the prevention and management of invasive alien species has been developed. The draft Regulation, published in 2013, recommends the creation of a list of invasive alien species of Union concern, wherein any Member State identifying newly establishing populations of these species must implement rapid eradication measures. The first recording of the invasive non-native ascidian Didemnum vexillum in Britain in 2008 in Wales, and subsequent eradication efforts, presents a timely opportunity to evaluate the United Kingdom׳s existing capability and capacity to undertake a rapid eradication in the marine environment in light of the draft EU Regulation, as well as highlighting some of the cross-border challenges facing the EU. Although the UK is often cited within Europe as having made significant progress in the field of invasion management, the lessons learned from the eradication process in Wales highlight that the UK is inadequately prepared to undertake rapid eradication measures in the marine environment and that the lack of a coordinated approach between nations has significant potential to devalue localised eradication efforts. A number of measures are discussed to enhance future capability both in the UK and the wider European Union including enhanced alerting mechanisms, science-based monitoring programmes to enable early detection, increased commitment of resources and the need for cross-border collaboration.  相似文献   

粗差定位定值法在高速铁路轨道控制网测量中的应用     

曾若飞  方杨 《北京测绘》2011,(1):63-65

将LEGE粗差探测方法运用于轨道控制网(CPⅢ)测量数据处理中,结果表明该方法对轨道控制网粗差定位与定值非常有效,并得出了相应结论.  相似文献   

基于Google Earth GPS控制点的可视化管理与应用     

王利锋  屈博 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,(6):132-134

Google earth是一款用于地物的3维浏览、坐标查询、地标制作、线路漫游等功能的虚拟地球仪软件。利用Google earth对遵化市D级GPS控制点信息进行导入与地标生成,可以实时动态地管理和利用控制点信息,极大地方便了控制点在测绘领域的应用。  相似文献   

测绘工程专业毕业设计（论文）选题质量控制     

吉长东 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,(6):25-26

＂指导学生撰写毕业设计（论文）是实现培养目标的重要教学环节,具有不可替代的作用,‘决不能降低要求,更不能放任自流’＂[1]。毕业设计（论文）一般经过选题、过程控制和答辩等几个环节,文章结合我院测绘工程专业多年毕业设计（论文）实际,着手研究选题环节的质量控制,对提高毕业设计（论文）的质量,适应我校应用创新型学生培养方案,...  相似文献   

地下铁道的振动及其控制措施的研究     

关歆莹  刘超 《震灾防御技术》2011,6(1):77-84

150年来地下铁道得到了广泛的发展,近20年来我国的地下铁道更是得到了迅猛的发展.在地下铁道给城市居民的工作和生活带来方便的同时,其引发的振动与噪音也给城市建设和居民生活带来了危害.本文从振动产生、振动传播和振动作用三个阶段论述了地铁振源及其传播的规律;传播特性与振源频率、振源与轨道距离、振动频率,以及列车运行速度、隧道埋深、地质条件、建筑物结构等有关;振动传播影响因素包括:土壤类型、钢轨类型、轨道类型、建筑物质量类型、建筑物材料等;地铁振动的危害是多方面的,噪声干扰人们的日常生活,振动对建筑物的安全性、使用寿命造成影响,同时还影响精密仪表测量等.本文提出了在规划设计阶段、施工阶段的振动控制措施,以期减小其危害.  相似文献