基于CFD-DEM方法对海底管道床面冲刷的研究     

李冬  李树澍  林建国  汪逢港 《海洋工程》2023,41(2):62-72

采用计算流体力学—离散元耦合方法（CFD-DEM）模拟海底管道床面的冲刷过程。经过模型验证,该方法的计算结果与前人的研究具有较好的一致性,证明其可以应用于海底管道周围的冲刷模拟计算。冲刷初期的结果增强了目前对启动阶段粒子运动机理的理解,即管前后压力梯度造成的渗流作用导致粒子运动。对完整冲刷过程的模拟中,发现冲刷分为冲刷启动阶段、间隙冲刷阶段和尾迹冲刷阶段。间隙冲刷阶段管道下方粒子具有较大速度,冲刷坑快速向下方发展。进入尾迹冲刷阶段后,管道后方出现周期性脱落的涡旋,沙丘上的粒子速度更大。同时利用DEM更具直观性的独特优势,首次得到了14个典型位置处颗粒的运动轨迹和运动速度,对于理解冲刷过程中粒子的运动情况具有较大帮助。  相似文献   

淹没式移动射流对黏性底床开沟试验研究     

陈凌峰  赵林  石晓龙  邹星 《海洋工程》2024,(2):115-124

以试验方法研究双喷式射流结构对软质黏性底床上可沉降管道移动射流开挖规律。通过黄土、高岭土、水泥配置低剪切强度试验黏土,揭示喷嘴射流速度、喷嘴平移速度对冲坑特征尺寸影响规律。以边界层剪应力分析冲坑形态变化,并引入低射流靶距下反映侵蚀能力强度的回归侵蚀特征值Z进行无量纲化分析。结果表明：双喷式垂直射流形成的冲坑断面轮廓具有中心对称性,移动射流形成的冲坑纵向剖面线具有几何相似性。冲坑特征尺寸随射流速度呈近似线性变化,随喷嘴平移速度增加呈减小趋势。剪切强度增加使得黏土抗侵蚀能力增强,冲坑稳定断面曲线由V形向U形逐渐过渡变化。  相似文献   

考虑冲刷作用效应桥梁桩基地震易损性分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

梁发云  刘兵  李静茹 《地震工程学报》2017,39(1):13-19,79

冲刷造成桩周土体的剥蚀将会削弱土体对桩基的侧向支撑能力,冲刷效应会对桥梁桩基的地震易损性产生影响,因此有必要对冲刷和地震共同作用下桥梁桩基的易损性进行研究。利用SAP2000软件建立三维桥梁有限元模型,通过非线性时程分析得到桥梁桩基地震响应峰值。采用概率性地震需求分析方法,建立不同冲刷深度下桥梁桩基地震易损性模型,在地震易损性函数假设为对数正态分布函数的基础上,通过回归分析得到概率模型中的参数,进而得到不同冲刷深度下桥梁桩基在不同破坏状态所对应的地震易损性曲线,并分析冲刷深度对桩基破坏概率的影响。研究结果表明:随着冲刷深度的增加,桥梁桩基在地震作用下的破坏概率显著增加。  相似文献   

Bed material transport estimate in large gravel‐bed rivers using the virtual velocity approach          下载免费PDF全文

Luca Mao  Lorenzo Picco  Mario A. Lenzi  Nicola Surian 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2017,42(4):595-611

This paper reports on a first attempt of using the virtual velocity approach to assess sediment mobility and transport in two wide and complex gravel‐bed rivers of northern Italy. Displacement length and virtual velocity of spray‐painted tracers were measured in the field. Also, the thickness of the sediment active layer during floods was measured using scour chains and post‐flood morphological changes as documented by repeated survey of channel cross‐sections. The effects of eight and seven floods were studied on the Tagliamento and Brenta Rivers, where 259 and 277 spray‐painted areas were surveyed, respectively. In the Tagliamento River 36% of the spray‐painted areas experienced partial transport, whereas in the Brenta River this accounted for 20%. Whereas, full removal/gravel deposition was observed on 37% and 26% of these areas on the Tagliamento and Brenta Rivers, respectively. The mean displacement length of particles, the thickness of the active layer and the extent of partial transport are well correlated with the dimensionless shear stress. The virtual velocity approach allowed calculation of bed material transport over a wide range of flood magnitudes. Annual coarse sediment transport was calculated up to 150 for the Tagliamento, and 30 × 10³  m³ yr^?1 for the Brenta. The outcomes of this work highlight the relevance of partial transport condition, as it could represent more than 70% of the total bed material transported during low‐magnitude floods, and up to 40% for near‐bankfull events. Results confirm that bed material load tends to be overestimated by traditional formulas. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于局部冲刷研究的大型圆柱周围波浪特性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周益人  陈国平  王登婷 《海洋工程》2004,22(1):98-102

波浪环境下,大型圆柱的存在改变了周围原有波浪条件,直接导致局部冲刷。利用MacCamy和Fuchs的绕射理论对相对柱径较大(0.15相似文献   

The effects of uniform and nonuniform pile spacing variations on local scour at pile groups     

Ata Amini  Nina Solaimani 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(7):861-866

Pile groups are frequently used to support bridge decks. Scour in the vicinity of piles is the main cause for the bridges failure. In this research, to address the effects of uniform and nonuniform pile spacing on the equilibrium scour depth, laboratory experiments were carried out under steady clear-water conditions. For this purpose, scour depth produced by pile group with various pile spacing and arrangement was investigated using a laboratory flume. Flume bed was covered by uniform sediments with a median size of 0.9?mm and 0.2?m thickness. Flow discharge and velocity as well as scour depth were recorded in each experiment and the data were analyzed. The results showed that the pile spacing influences the local scour depth and with increase in uniform and transverse (perpendicular to the flow) spacing, the maximum scour depth was reduced. The pile spacing variation in line with the flow has a minor effect on scour depth. In addition, the pile spacing perpendicular to the flow was with the most influences on scour depth. The results of this research can be used by engineers to optimize the design of bridges.  相似文献   

Reliability-based assessment and design of stone-filled crib seawalls for shoreline protection     

Zhe Luo  Biao Hu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(8):918-930

In this study, an efficient reliability-based design tool for stone-filled crib seawalls is developed. The first-order reliability method is integrated into spreadsheet to facilitate the reliability analysis for practical application. Using this spreadsheet tool, the effects of several major uncertain factors on the seawall design, including design water level, material property, and wave forces, are explicitly explored. In addition, the impact of progressive scour on the seawall stability is demonstrated through a time-dependent reliability analysis. This developed reliability-based design tool for seawalls is validated through comparing with the Monte Carlo simulation. This seawall design tool is easy to use and can be readily adapted in various aspects in the seawall design for shoreline protection.  相似文献   

Lateral loading of a pile using strain wedge model and its application under scouring     

Xiaofeng Yang  Maosong Huang  Juyun Yuan 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(3):340-350

The scour hole around a pile will reduce the capacity of a laterally loaded pile. The strain wedge model is capable to derive a p–y curve for the analysis of a lateral loaded pile on a nonlinear Winkler foundation. To improve and extend the ability of the strain wedge method, a modified strain wedge (MSW) method is developed, in which a nonlinear lateral deflection of the pile is assumed to describe the varied soil strain distribution in the passive wedge. And then by treating the soil weight involved in the strain wedge as a vertical load at the bottom of the scour hole, an equivalent wedge depth is obtained to consider the effect of scour hole dimensions on the response of laterally loaded piles in sand. The validity of the MSW model is proved by comparisons with a centrifuge test without scour. And its applicability in the problem of a pile with scour is performed by a comparison with a model test and a FE analysis. The analysis shows the pile displacement at the pile head with scour can be obtained by multiplying the corresponding deflection without scour with an amplification factor related to scour depth at large load level.  相似文献   

长江口横沙北侧岸坡冲刷特征与趋势分析     

姜泽宇  程和琴  华凯  石天  唐明  滕立志  颜阁 《海洋通报》2020,39(2):249-256

根据2018年多波束测深系统、双频ADCP获得的横沙岛北侧岸坡水下地形与水动力实测数据,并结合历史地形资料分析该区域冲刷特征与发展趋势。结果表明:横沙北侧岸坡存在近岸冲刷坑,最大冲深约7 m;2002—2018年期间,冲刷坑附近河床经历冲-淤-冲的演变模式,整体呈冲刷状态;2007年后冲刷坑开始形成,并向下游延伸。这主要是因为青草沙水库工程的建设导致北港上段束窄,下段主流南移贴岸,使得近岸河床冲刷加剧。另外,横沙东滩促淤圈围工程抑制了北港与北槽间的水量交换,横沙岛近岸水域水动力进一步增强,也是岸坡冲刷的原因之一。分析表明大潮期间水流处于次饱和状态,岸坡表层泥沙起动流速略小于落急时刻水流流速,横沙北侧岸坡的冲刷可能会继续发展。  相似文献   

湛江某海上风电桩基局部冲刷特征研究     

潘冬冬  李健华  周川  王俊 《海岸工程》2020,39(4):271-278

海上风电场桩基局部冲刷是工程设计与运行阶段的重要参数之一。基于湛江某海上风电场桩基3次现场局部冲刷实测数据,进行冲刷坑最大深度、冲刷坑半径和冲淤变化特征的分析与研究;根据桩基局部冲刷经验公式,采用工程海域实测海洋水文动力学数据进行最大冲刷深度与冲刷半径的计算,并进行公式计算值的对比与分 析。结果表明:桩基础在防冲刷设施的保护下,3次实测最大冲刷深度基本稳定为4.0 m,最大冲刷深度与桩径之比为0.57。而经验公式的最大冲刷深度与桩径之比均超过了1.1,说明桩基防冲刷设施取得了一定的效果,冲刷坑半径的计算值与现场实测值吻合较好。建议海上风电场在运行阶段进一步加强桩基冲刷坑监测与防护。  相似文献