白天和夜间通用的卫星遥感沙尘判识算法构建与验证分析     

王威  胡秀清  张鹏  闵敏 《气象》2019,45(12):1666-1679

Himawari-8是日本发射的新一代静止气象卫星,与前一代的MTSAT-2相比,在时间、空间分辨率上都有了很大提升,特别是红外通道数量从4个增至10个,为红外遥感沙尘提供了新的观测数据。本研究利用Himawari-8的红外观测数据,发展了仅用红外通道的沙尘全天候判识算法,可以实现对白天和夜间的连续监测。算法在前人基础上去除了可见光通道,同时引入更多红外通道来进行云检测和沙尘判识。由于一日之中,地表温度发生变化,因此针对白天和夜间设置了两套不同的判别阈值,来保证算法的全天适用性。最后通过两次沙尘事件对沙尘判别结果的分析和检验表明,遥感判识结果与地面气象站和PM_(10)观测较为一致,说明了只用红外通道全天候判识沙尘的可行性。  相似文献   

承德市臭氧污染气象条件预报方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆倩  王国辉  付娇  周士茹 《气象与环境学报》2019,35(6):67-76

利用2014-2016年承德市环境监测站和气象站的数据,分析了气象条件对承德市O₃-8h浓度的影响,探讨了臭氧污染气象条件的预报方法。结果表明：4-7月是承德市O₃-8h浓度较高的月份,O₃浓度的日变化特征为午后浓度高而夜间浓度低;O₃污染的天气形势为500 hPa受高压脊和偏西气流影响,850 hPa有强暖平流和20℃以上的高温,地面受低压前部和高压后部之间的偏南气流影响;有利于O₃-8h出现高浓度的气象因子为日平均气温大于23℃、日最高气温大于28℃、日平均海平面气压995-1007 hPa、日平均水汽压18-28 hPa、偏南风大于1 m·s^-1。利用气象因子综合评分建立臭氧污染指数,与O₃-8h浓度的相关系数高达0.7553,说明臭氧污染指数能较好地预报臭氧污染天气。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地子洲气田上古生界山西组、下石盒子组储集层特征对比研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王若谷  李文厚  廖友运  冯永玖  郭艳琴  马瑶  许星 《地质科学》2015,50(1):249-261

鄂尔多斯盆地子洲气田山西组山2~3段和下石盒子组盒8段是该区天然气的主力储集层,但其产能却存在很大差异。应用薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、高压压汞、恒速压汞及岩心分析资料,分别对该地区上古生界山西组山2~3段和下石盒子组盒8段储集层进行了研究。子洲气田山2~3储层以石英砂岩为主,孔隙类型多样,粒间孔、溶孔、晶间孔发育,喉道类别以微—细喉为主,属相对低孔高渗型储层;盒8储层则以岩屑砂岩为主,孔隙类型主要为岩屑溶孔和晶间孔,喉道类别以细—微喉为主,属于相对低孔低渗型储层。山2~3段和盒8段储集层岩石类型、孔隙结构差别巨大,造成了其储集性能的差异性。不同的沉积环境和成岩作用是造成其差异性的主要原因。  相似文献   

2021年5月云南漾濞MS 6.4地震序列发震构造及破裂过程初探     

孙庆山  张伟恒  郭忻怡  王亮 《地质学报》2023,97(2):349-363

北京时间2021年5月21日21时48分36秒,云南省大理州漾濞县发生M_S 6.4地震。利用云南数字地震台网2021年5月18日至8月22日的震相报告,采用双差地震定位法,对漾濞M_S 6.4地震序列进行重新定位。重新定位结果显示序列呈NW向优势分布,破裂长约20 km,宽约7 km,对重新定位结果进行误差分析,水平方向定位误差约为0.8 km,垂直方向定位误差约为1.0 km,定位结果具有较好的稳定性。依据震中分布的走向将序列划分为NW向的主断层与NNW向的分支断层,主断层存在较为明显的分段现象,分支断层呈雁列状分布。根据小震丛集性发生在大震断层面及其附近的原则,利用重新定位后的小震震源位置反演得到漾濞M_S 6.4序列主断层走向约320°,倾角约89°,深度范围3～13 km。根据拟合得到的断层在地表的投影位置,推测本次地震的发震断层为维西-乔后断裂西侧的草坪断裂。基于断层滑动量分布识别出3个凹凸体,结合序列时空演化特征,分析了漾濞M_S 6.4地震序列的破裂过程,结果显示断层中段的凹凸体发生初始破裂...  相似文献   

塔尔塔格铁矿床——新疆阿吾拉勒铁成矿带内首例IOA型铁矿床的厘定及意义     

宋雪龙  段士刚  蒋宗胜 《地质学报》2023,97(7):2241-2260

塔尔塔格铁矿是新疆西天山阿吾拉勒海相火山岩型铁成矿带内的一处中型铁矿床,其铁矿体呈透镜状产于粗安玢岩内顶部,在揭示海相火山岩中铁矿床与侵入岩关系方面具有重要意义。该铁矿床发育典型的磁铁矿 磷灰石组合,基本不含硫化物,矿石以似斑状、浸染状、球粒状和晶洞等构造类型为特色,磁铁矿内发育由条带状或叶片状钛铁矿和钛氧化物构成的出溶结构,并有少量的榍石、钍石、萤石等副矿物与之共生,矿床地质特征表明该矿床为典型的与富碱、中性侵入岩有关的IOA（iron oxide apatite）型铁矿床。该矿床围岩英安岩、赋矿粗安玢岩与成矿后正长花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP U Pb同位素加权平均年龄分别为311. 3±1. 4 Ma、304. 7±2. 9 Ma和301. 1±2. 8 Ma,铁矿石样品中与磁铁矿共生的榍石的LA ICP MS U Pb同位素加权平均年龄为302. 3±4. 0 Ma和303. 7±4. 2 Ma,成岩成矿年龄高度吻合,进一步确定其在晚石炭世晚期成矿。本文根据地质特征认为该矿床矿石是由粗安玢岩顶部富铁挥发分聚集而形成的,并初步提出“超浅成侵入岩顶部富挥发分囊体”成矿模型,即富碱、中性岩体超浅成侵位导致挥发分在岩体顶部迅速聚集形成多处富铁和挥发分的囊体,岩体冷凝固结的同时磁铁矿快速结晶成矿。塔尔塔格“IOA型”型铁矿的成因厘定,不仅表明海相火山岩型铁矿与IOA型铁矿可能存在成因联系,还暗示了海相火山岩型铁成矿带内具有寻找IOA型铁矿的潜力。  相似文献   

In Situ Determination of First‐Row Transition Metal,Ga and Ge Abundances in Geological Materials via Medium‐Resolution LA‐ICP‐MS     

Ricardo Arevalo Jr  William F. McDonough  Philip M. Piccoli 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2011,35(2):253-273

An in situ, medium‐resolution LA‐ICP‐MS method was developed to measure the abundances of the first‐row transition metals, Ga and Ge in a suite of geological materials, namely the MPI‐DING reference glasses. The analytical protocol established here hinged on maximising the ablation rate of the ultraviolet (UV) laser system and the sensitivity of the ICP‐MS, as well minimising the production of diatomic oxides and argides, which serve as the dominant sources of isobaric interferences. Non‐spectral matrix effects were accounted for by using multiple external calibrators, including NIST SRM 610 and the USGS basaltic glasses BHVO‐2G, BIR‐1G and BCR‐2G, and utilising ⁴³Ca as an internal standard. Analyses of the MPI‐DING reference glasses, which represent geological matrices ranging from basaltic to rhyolitic in composition, included measurements of concentrations as low as < 10⁰ μg g^?1 and as high as > 10⁴ μg g^?1. The new data reported here were found to statistically correlate with the ‘preferred’ reference values for these materials at the 95% confidence level, though with significantly better precision, typically on the order of ≤ 3% (2s_m). This analytical method may be extended to any matrix‐matched geological sample, particularly oceanic basalts, silicate minerals and meteoritic materials.  相似文献   

Uranium and Thorium Concentration and Isotopic Composition in Five Glass (BHVO‐2G,BCR‐2G,NKT‐1G,T1‐G,ATHO‐G) and Two Powder (BHVO‐2, BCR‐2) Reference Materials     

Kathryn A. Matthews  Michael T. Murrell  Steven J. Goldstein  Andrew J. Nunn  Deborah E. Norman 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2011,35(2):227-234

Here we report uranium and thorium isotopic ratios and elemental concentrations measured in solid reference materials from the USGS (BHVO‐2G, BCR‐2G, NKT‐1G), as well as those from the MPI‐DING series (T1‐G, ATHO‐G). Specifically created for microanalysis, these naturally‐sourced glasses were fused from rock powders. They cover a range of compositions, elemental concentrations and expected isotopic ratios. The U‐Th isotopic ratios of two powdered source materials (BCR‐2, BHVO‐2) were also characterised. These new measurements via multi‐collector thermal ionisation mass spectrometry and multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry can now be used to assess the relative performance of techniques and facilitate comparison of U‐Th data amongst laboratories in the geoscience community for in situ and bulk analyses.  相似文献   

紫菜特征挥发性物质分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

胡传明  徐继林  朱建一  严小军  骆其君  杨家新  许璞 《海洋科学》2011,35(5):106-111

应用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)、条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)与其一个突变品系的生长藻体挥发性物质进行分析,共分离鉴定出66种挥发性组分,3个紫菜试样中分别含有36、44和45种.鉴定组分中有21种为紫菜共有挥发性物质,其中8-十七烯和...  相似文献   

中天山地块暗色岩墙LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学特征     

尹继元  陈文  肖文交  张斌  蔡克大  孙敬博  张彦  杨静  杨莉  刘新宇  沈泽 《地质通报》2015,34(8):1470-1481

中天山地块发育有大量的暗色岩墙,主要走向为北北西。对中天山暗色岩墙进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得的年龄为304.8±1.5Ma,表明其形成于晚石炭世。这些暗色岩墙具有较高的Si O2,较低的Mg、Cr、Ni含量。它们富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti),显示俯冲相关特征。上述特征暗示,中天山暗色岩墙可能是由俯冲板片流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融形成的。这一发现表明,准噶尔洋的闭合应该发生在晚石炭世之后。  相似文献   

Influence of the mean period of ground motion on the inelastic dynamic response of single and multi degree of freedom systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Kumar  J. M. Castro  P. J. Stafford  A. Y. Elghazouli 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(3):237-256

This paper focuses on examining the effects of frequency content of the ground motion on the inelastic demands imposed on both single degree of freedom (SDF) and multi degree of freedom (MDF) steel‐framed systems. A detailed literature review is conducted to identify the indicator that best represents the frequency content of ground motion. The mean period (T_m) of ground motion is selected owing to its ability to distinguish between various spectral shapes of ground motion, and its relationship with magnitude, distance and site characteristics. Inelastic displacement demands on SDF systems for target ductility levels are first studied in the light of T_m, using a suite of 128 ground motion records. The study is then extended to MDF systems with the help of incremental dynamic analysis by employing the same ground motion ensemble to assess the influence of T_m on various engineering demand parameters. The results obtained indicate that, for SDF systems, the amplification of displacements occurs when the period ratio between elastic period (T_e) and T_m is lower than unity. For MDF systems, the results demonstrate that the influence of higher modes on the base shear and maximum storey drift profile becomes more pronounced, as T_m approaches the higher mode periods of the structure. These observations, for both SDF and MDF systems, tend to be more evident for higher levels of inelasticity. The significance of the results, with particular reference to European seismic design procedures, is highlighted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献