沈阳中心城区水源地漏斗恢复调蓄模拟研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周浩  王殿武  孙才志  田文英  杨培奇  滕凡全 《水文》2011,31(5):47-51

在沈阳市由于长期地下水超采严重,已经形成大面积地下漏斗空间,形成引发严重地质灾害的隐患。分析了沈阳市地下水漏斗可恢复性建设的水文地质条件。并结合数值模拟方法研究了沈阳市地下水漏斗区域水量恢复时间和地下水漏斗中心水位恢复程度。结果表明:在同时增加河流补给量和压缩地下水开采量条件下,2年以后地下水漏斗中心水位可达到31.67m;压缩地下水开采量或增加河流补给量,均可在4年恢复漏斗区地下水位,且沈阳城区可有效增加地下水资源量0.88×108m3。  相似文献   

Results based management in fisheries: Delegating responsibility to resource users     

《Marine Policy》2015

While the notion of results based management has been devoted recent attention in the context of reforming European fisheries management, it remains unclear what it entails. A conceptual model of results based management in fisheries is proposed as a way for public authorities to delegate specific management and documentation responsibilities to resource users. The model comprises three defining features: (1) That authorities define measurable objectives for the utilization of fisheries resources; (2) that resource users are made responsible for achieving these objectives and for (3) providing documentation that allows for an audit of the extent to which they are met. Selected cases are used to illustrate these features. Rationales and prospects of introducing results based management as an alternative in a European fisheries management context are discussed, giving consideration to how it may be pursued under the reformed common fisheries policy.  相似文献   

二叠纪-三叠纪之交双壳类的灭绝与复苏过程          下载免费PDF全文

黄云飞  童金南  向烨  肖传桃  宋海军  田力  宋婷  楚道亮 《地球科学》2015,40(2):334-345

为了建立早-中三叠世双壳类的残存-复苏模式及深入探讨双壳类迟缓复苏的原因,对全球范围内该时期双壳类属的 时限分布进行了统计.总体来看,3个亚纲(Pteriomorphia、Palaeotaxodont和Heteroconchia亚纲)和5种生活方式(外栖活动 类、外栖固着类、半内栖类、内栖浅掘穴类和内栖深掘穴类)的双壳类均展示出了一致的规律,属级分异度直到中三叠世Anisian 期才恢复到晚二叠世末生物大灭绝之前的水平.二叠纪残存类型在早-中三叠世双壳类中所占的比例逐步降低,从占过 渡层的77.3%降低到了中三叠世Anisian期的33.7%,指示双壳类的缓慢复苏过程.而在整个早三叠世的漫长复苏期中,双壳 类仅遭受背景灭绝,表明双壳类的迟缓复苏受限于长时期的高压环境,随着海洋环境的逐步好转,才逐渐出现新的类型.   相似文献   

绳索取心钻进技术在松散盐岩地层中的应用探讨          下载免费PDF全文

李金锁  张少林  刘江  张佳文 《探矿工程》2015,42(7):5-9

地质岩心钻探中,岩心采取率一直是地质找矿、地学科研工作者重点关注的对象,也是岩心钻探重要的考核指标。传统的钻探取心方法在松散、软弱、含盐地层,特别是含易溶盐地层的取心质量不佳;绳索取心钻探在完整地层取心效果较为理想,同时可大大提高劳动生产率、降低劳动强度,而对于松散、软弱地层,其取心难度比起传统钻探有时更为复杂。通过柴达木盆地达布逊干盐湖科学钻探工程,对钻遇的地表层、松散地层如何采取技术方法提高岩心采取率进行了探索和研究。实践证明,通过改善冲洗液性能、改进取心卡簧特性及钻头出水方式3个方面技术措施,可大大提高绳索取心钻进在松散、软弱、弱固结、含盐地层的岩心采取率,由改进前的平均30%提高为平均96%。  相似文献   

山西省大同市新荣区石墨矿岩石矿物地球化学特征与成因     

梁钰琦  赵永  吴光存  张越  夏庆霖 《地球学报》2020,41(6):827-834

山西省大同市新荣区石墨矿带总体呈北东—南西向展布, 长约22 km, 赋矿层位为中下太古界右所堡组, 岩性为含石墨黑云斜长片麻岩。目前该矿带上已有7个勘查区, 累计查明晶质石墨矿物资源量约 5000万吨, 但对其矿床成因类型研究相对较少。本文收集整理和分析总结了区域内地质资料及化验分析结果, 采用变质岩原岩恢复的四种方法确定该矿带的成因: 从石墨矿带的矿体产状和岩石组合、岩相学和矿物学特征定性判断该矿带矿床为沉积岩区域深变质成矿类型; 矿体样品地球化学微量元素比值(Sr:Ba等)符合副变质岩特征; 稀土元素配分曲线及其研究表明矿体及围岩具有沉积岩变质特征; 以TiO2-F图解、[(al+fm)–(c+alk)]/Si图解以及(al-alk):c图解展示的岩石化学特征半定量地确认新荣区石墨矿带矿床为以黏土岩为主的区域变质成矿。新荣区石墨矿带成因类型的确定填补了该区域矿床成因类型研究的空白, 为下一步地质找矿及建模提供了重要依据; 三种图解相结合, 逐步缩小原岩范围, 锁定原岩类型, 为变质岩原岩恢复及矿床成因研究提供了新的思路和判别方法。  相似文献   

GRACE时变信号恢复方法对比分析     

刘冰石  邹贤才 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(2):204-209

针对利用GRACE重力数据反演地表质量变化过程中产生的时变信号削弱和泄露现象，分别采用尺度因子法和迭代恢复法对信号进行恢复，并选用CSR Mascon产品从时间序列变化和空间分布两个角度对两种恢复方法的效果进行对比分析。结果表明：1)尺度因子法虽实现上较为简单，但其计算结果完全依赖于所选的先验模型，当所选模型的可靠性较差时，会影响到GRACE反演结果的可靠性。2)迭代恢复法的恢复过程仅受GRACE原始观测值的约束，能较好地恢复研究区域的长期趋势信号和周期信号，但在部分区域可能存在信号过量恢复的现象。建议采用迭代恢复法进行GRACE时变信号恢复。  相似文献   

Study on the negative bias temperature instability effect under dynamic stress     

马晓华  曹艳荣  郝跃 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(11)

This paper studies negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) under alternant and alternating current (AC) stress. Under alternant stress, the degradation smaller than that of single negative stress is obtained. The smaller degradation is resulted from the recovery of positive stress. There are two reasons for the recovery. One is the passivation of H dangling bonds, and another is the detrapping of charges trapped in the oxide. Under different frequencies of AC stress, the parameters all show regular degradation, and also smaller than that of the direct current stress. The higher the frequency is, the smaller the degradation becomes. As the negative stress time is too small under higher frequency, the deeper defects are hard to be filled in. Therefore, the detrapping of oxide charges is easy to occur under positive bias and the degradation is smaller with higher frequency.  相似文献   

Effects of different types of mechanical disturbances on a charophyte dominated macrophyte community     

Kaire Torn  Georg MartinJonne Kotta  Maarit Kupp 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Charophytes are unique and endangered macroalgae. Mechanical stress is known to damage charophyte communities, however, virtually nothing is known how such disturbance affect seasonal succession and recovery of charophyte communities. We examined the response of a shallow water charophyte community to different types and timing of disturbances by conducting seasonal in situ field experiment in a brackish water ecosystem. The disturbances associated with mechanical removal of vegetation or sediment had the largest impact on the charophyte community. Disturbances that only partly damaged the plants had minor effects and communities were characterized by fast recovery. The timing of disturbance had significant effects on the charophyte community with stronger effects when disturbed at the early stage compared to mid-stage of seasonal succession.  相似文献   

The role of eddies in solute transport and recovery in rock fractures: Implication for groundwater remediation          下载免费PDF全文

Seung Hyun Lee  In Wook Yeo  Kang‐Kun Lee  Won Sang Lee 《水文研究》2017,31(20):3580-3587

A better understanding of solute transport and retention mechanism in rock fractures has been challenging due to difficulty in their direct observations in microscale rough‐walled fractures. Six representative troughs in a rough‐walled fracture were selected for microscale observations of eddy formation with increasing flow velocity and its effect on spatiotemporal changes of solute concentration. This experimental study was enabled by a microscale visualization technique of micro particle image velocimetry. With increasing flow velocity (Re ≤ 2.86), no eddies were generated, and solutes along the main streamlines transported rapidly, whereas those near the wall moved slowly. A larger amount of solutes remained trapped at all troughs at Re = 2.86 than Re < 1. For Re = 8.57, weak eddies started to be developed at the troughs on the lee side, which little contributed to overall solute flushing in the fracture. Accordingly, a large of amount of water was needed for solute flushing. The flow condition of 1 < Re < 10, before a full development of eddies, was least favourable in terms of time and amount of remediation fluid required to reach a target concentration. After large eddies were fully developed at troughs on the lee side for Re = 17.13, solutes were substantially reduced by eddies with less amount of water. Fully developed eddies were found to enhance solute transport and recovery, as opposed to a general consensus that eddies trap and delay solutes. Direct inflow into troughs on the stoss side also made a great contribution to solute flushing out of the troughs. This study indicates that fully developed eddies or strong inflows at troughs are highly possible to form for Re > 10 and this flow range could be favourable for efficient remediation.  相似文献   

Morphological and sedimentary impacts and recovery on a mixed sandy to pebbly seabed exposed to marine aggregate extraction (Eastern English Channel,France)     

Sophie Le Bot  Robert Lafite  Matthieu Fournier  Agnès Baltzer  Michel Desprez 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

  相似文献