A model-based approach for reconstructing a terrain surface from airborne LIDAR data     

Gunho  Sohn  Ian J.  Dowman 《The Photogrammetric Record》2008,23(122):170-193

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An Approach to Single Image Automatic Orientation and Point Determination by Using Ortho-Images and a Dtm     

Jeffrey Shan 《The Photogrammetric Record》2001,17(98):343-353

This paper describes an approach to single image automatic orientation and point determination by using current ortho-images and a DTM, and the experience gained in its implementation. The procedure proposed automatically extracts and matches feature points in evenly distributed patches on aerial images and ortho-images. A large number of image measurements (up to several thousand) are obtained in this process and are included in a robust space resection to determine the orientation parameters of the aerial image. For point determination with a single image, a method is formalised which integrates the DTM interpolation into the space resection so that the 3D ground coordinates of the image points can be determined in a unified mathematical model. Tests and analyses of this method show that the large number of automatic image measurements relieves the requirement for complicated and precise feature extraction and matching methods. The ground points obtained from single image intersection have an accuracy of approximately 1 pixel in planimetry, which fulfils the requirement for ortho-image updating. The elevation accuracy is mainly dependent on the quality of the current DTM and the interpolation method applied to it.  相似文献   

黄河三角洲水冰险情预警信息系统设计与分析应用探讨     

狄小春  励惠国  陈峰  唐新桥  宫汝俊  田志刚 《遥感学报》1990,(3)

本文探讨了黄河三角洲地区水冰灾情信息系统的建立方法及其应用问题。介绍了该系统的设计原则,数据结构,建立方法和程序,并对其应用进行了分析研究。该方法也适用于其它区域。  相似文献   

High‐resolution topography and anthropogenic feature extraction: testing geomorphometric parameters in floodplains          下载免费PDF全文

Giulia Sofia  Giancarlo Dalla Fontana  Paolo Tarolli 《水文研究》2014,28(4):2046-2061

In floodplains, anthropogenic features such as levees or road scarps, control and influence flows. An up‐to‐date and accurate digital data about these features are deeply needed for irrigation and flood mitigation purposes. Nowadays, LiDAR Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) covering large areas are available for public authorities, and there is a widespread interest in the application of such models for the automatic or semiautomatic recognition of features. The automatic recognition of levees and road scarps from these models can offer a quick and accurate method to improve topographic databases for large‐scale applications. In mountainous contexts, geomorphometric indicators derived from DTMs have been proven to be reliable for feasible applications, and the use of statistical operators as thresholds showed a high reliability to identify features. The goal of this research is to test if similar approaches can be feasible also in floodplains. Three different parameters are tested at different scales on LiDAR DTM. The boxplot is applied to identify an objective threshold for feature extraction, and a filtering procedure is proposed to improve the quality of the extractions. This analysis, in line with other works for different environments, underlined (1) how statistical parameters can offer an objective threshold to identify features with varying shapes, size and height; (2) that the effectiveness of topographic parameters to identify anthropogenic features is related to the dimension of the investigated areas. The analysis also showed that the shape of the investigated area has not much influence on the quality of the results. While the effectiveness of residual topography had already been proven, the proposed study underlined how the use of entropy can anyway provide good extractions, with an overall quality comparable to the one offered by residual topography, and with the only limitation that the extracted features are slightly wider than the investigated one. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

对SRTM3和GTOPO30地形数据质量的评估   总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30  

陈俊勇 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2005,30(11):941-944

高分辨率的地形数据在基础地理信息系统、地球重力场建模和大地水准面求定等工程中至关重要。SRTM有3″×3″(SRTM3)和1″×1″(SRTM1)两种分辨率。就全球而言,SRTM3的原始数据已于2004年解密。SRTM3的高程基准是EGM96的大地水准面,平面基准是WGS84;标称绝对高程精度是±16m,绝对平面精度是±20m。SRTM3的数据只覆盖60°N至54°S带状区域内的DSM。对覆盖全球的GTOPO30的DTM也作了概要介绍。  相似文献   

The topographic data source of digital terrain models as a key element in the accuracy of hydraulic flood modelling     

A. Casas  G. Benito  V.R. Thorndycraft  M. Rico 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2006,31(4):444-456

The effects of the topographic data source and resolution on the hydraulic modelling of floods were analysed. Seven digital terrain models (DTMs) were generated from three different altimetric sources: a global positioning system (GPS) survey and bathymetry; high‐resolution laser altimetry data LiDAR (light detection and ranging); and vectorial cartography (1:5000). Hydraulic results were obtained, using the HEC‐RAS one‐dimensional model, for all seven DTMs. The importance of the DTM's accuracy on the hydraulic modelling results was analysed within three different hydraulic contexts: (1) the discharge and water surface elevation results from the hydraulic model; (2) the delineation of the flooded area; and (3) the relative sensitivity of the hydraulic model to changes in the Manning's n roughness coefficient. The contour‐based DTM was the least accurate with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 4·5 m in the determination of the water level and a variation of up to 50 per cent in the estimation of the inundated area of the floodplain. The GPS‐based DTM produced more realistic water surface elevation results and variations of up to 8 per cent in terms of the flooded area. The laser‐based model's RMSE for water level was 0·3 m, with the flooded area varying by less than 1 per cent. The LiDAR data also showed the greatest sensitivity to changes in the Manning's roughness coefficient. An analysis of the effect of mesh resolution indicated an influence on the delineation of the flooded area with variations of up to 7·3 per cent. In addition to determining the accuracy of the hydraulic modelling results produced from each DTM, an analysis of the time–cost ratio of each topographic data source illustrates that airborne laser scanning is a cost‐effective means of developing a DTM of sufficient accuracy, especially over large areas. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

应用遥感图像提取煤层自燃信息时必须考虑的几个影响因素     

万余庆  吴军虎  雷学武 《国土资源遥感》1998,(1)

煤层自燃是中国北方煤田中普遍存在的灾害现象,它不但烧掉了大量的煤炭资源,而且还污染了环境。实践证明,利用遥感影像判别火区位置、圈定火区范围和对火区进行动态监测,及时为灭火工程提供信息,是一项经济和社会意义很大的工作。由于受多种因素的制约,不同地区、不同波段、不同时相、不同空间分辨率的遥感图像,其影像特征（含与煤层自燃有关的热异常影像特征）都有较大的差异,因而从图像上分析和提取地物的热红外辐射特征时,需要考虑遥感图像类型、成像时间、地形条件、气象条件和岩性特征等因素的影响。本文着重讨论了地表辐射温度与上述各项因素之间的关系。  相似文献   

等值线多剖面插值法生成规则数字地面模型   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张发勇 《地球科学》1998,23(4):390-392

等值线多剖面插值法主要采用了低阶插值算法,避免了高阶插值算法带来的震荡;该算法对稀疏等值线进行了处理．用等值线多剖面插值法生成的规则数字地面模型与实际的数字地面模型吻合得较好．目前该算法已经成功地用于ＭＡＰＧＩＳ数字高程子系统中,经实践证明具有可行性．  相似文献   

虚拟现实中交互式实时地景数据模型的组织与管理     

陈刚 《测绘学院学报》1997,(2)

首先介绍了虚拟现实以及用虚拟现实的手段实现动态实时地景仿真的特点及过程，针对这些特点提出了要达到充分利用虚拟现实的技术优势，更有效地实现虚拟地景的实时动态变化，以及应采用的数据模型的组织与管理方法。  相似文献   

非地形要素与DTM叠加的方法初探     

时晓燕 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1989,(3)

本文在区域数字地形模型(DTM)的基础上,引入多边形覆盖的概念,研究了由数字化仪从地图上获取的各种非地形信息的矢量数据到DTM规则阵列的网格数据的转换,提供了从转换到求交、配准、叠加的系列算法设计,从而实现了由DTM提供的地形要素与多边形的非地形要素间的匹配覆盖。  相似文献